高三英语一轮复习资料--Book-6.docx

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1、对应课标主题语境Unit 1 Art人与社会绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物一、高考这样考/新高考已由“知识立意转向素养立意”高考语篇不仅是用于“做”的，在很大程度上是用于“品”的作为晨读价值很大噢!（2018全国卷01 阅读理解 C 篇）lWhile famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many ex

2、cellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.2Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28. He is the first Chi

3、nese citizen to win this award.3Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art （CAA）. His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.4The style of the campus i

4、s quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.5Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks o

5、f different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements （元素）.6Wang，s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and

6、 a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.7Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. That is only evidence that traditions once existed, “ he said.8

7、 “ Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “ he said.9 “Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories

8、 rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing whatfa汕fully adv.忠实地；准确地演绎法练通单句语法填空(2018d匕京高考)1 think the faith that everyone has shown in him has touched him.History is the best teacher. It faithfully (faith) records the development path of eac

9、h country and foretells the future to us.Besides, it is also very important that friends should be faithful (faith) to each other.I have lost faith in that company, but I kept faith with the manager.2. aim n.目标；目的；瞄准式.&.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力(l)achieve ones aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标take aim at sb./sth.把目标对准某人/

10、物;把批评的矛头指向某人/物without aim 漫无目的地with the aim of 以为目标;意在/旨在(2)aim at/for 针对；瞄准；目的在于aim sth.at sb./sth.使某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim to do sth.意欲/企图/旨在做某事aim at doing sth. . ：. j意欲/企图/旨在做某事be aimed at doing sthj(3)aimless adj.漫无目的的aimlessly adv.漫无目的地演绎法练通单句语法填空(2019北京高考)All our projects aim promote (promote) the de

11、velopment of poor and remote communities.Jane moved aimlessly (aim) down the street, not knowing where she was heading.一句多译这项活动的目的旨在提高学生的听说能力。This activity is aimed at improving the students ability of listening and speaking.(aimed)The aim ofLthis activity is to improvethe students， ability of liste

12、ning andspeaking.(aim n.)翻译句子（2019全国卷I书面表达）我写信的目的是申请一个成为志愿者的机会。语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了阿尔戈尔为了警告人们气候变化可能会 带来可怕的后果而制作了一部纪录片。7. Why did Gore make a worldwide tour?A. To build his political career.B To research on climate change.C. To provide private education for children.D. To raise public awareness abou

13、t climate change.解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“in order to educate people about the effects of global warming”可知，Gore环游世界是想提高人们对于全球变暖这一气候问题的关 注度。8. What does the underlined word “reluctant“ in Para. 2 mean?A. Cheerful.B. Curious.C. Surprised.D. Unwilling.解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“as he has always been a very pr

14、ivate person” 和“Eventually, though, David managed to persuade him.可知，Gore 一开始并不愿意接受好莱坞 制片人Laurie David的提议。9. What can we infer about the film?A. It was a great success.B It brought Gore in great money.C. It was far too scary for many people.D. It avoided the inconvenient crisis consequences.解析：选A 推理

15、判断题。根据第三段中的“he would be walking along the red carpet at the Cannes Film Festival and later collecting an Oscar for Best Documentary? ” 和第五段中的 “Gore is delighted that some schools are even using the DVD 可知，这部名为难以忽视的真 相的纪录片取得了巨大成功。10. What does the author try to say in the last paragraph?A. Personal c

16、ontributions count.B. Wed better begin to change from now on.C. Gore，s efforts will make no difference to the world.D. Everyone shares the responsibility for the environment.解析：选A 段落大意题。根据文章末尾的“It may not seem as if the decisions of individuals can achieve very much, but put them all together and th

17、ey may add up to something that will, literally, change the world.“可知，作者认为，每个人的一小步加起来将是人类的一大步。B卷核心素养强化练I .完形填空At 13,1 read a magazine filled with all sorts of easy tips to go green. I started doing that I mean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesn，t have an unlimited 2 of fresh water.My

18、parents were also 3 for recycling and reusing, so we became the ones who 4 rejected containers and used them for 5 and the ones who carried our own bags to the grocery store and our own 6 to the coffee shop.Later, I tried to let my flag fly! I either called out to whoever littered in public or colle

19、cted magazines from my friends to 8 . Then the strangest thing happened: people started 9 me. One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights, buy recycled notebooks, and10paper back into the printer to make use of the other 11. It，s not that they were so12about the environment, but they were dr

20、awn to my confidence.r m wild about environmental protection and would stand 13 , saying, Yeah, this is what r m into. 14 others don，t share your enthusiasm, they will envy your confidence and want to be like you, and that means 15 your example.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者热衷环保的健康生活。1. A.at timesB. right

21、awayC. after allD. at last解析：选 B 根据下文“I mean, it is kind of a big deal considering Earth doesn，t have an unlimited of fresh water.”可推知，作者认为节约用水事关重大，于是立马行动。2. A.amountB. controlC. useD. flow解析：选A作者意识到地球上的淡水资源总量是有限的。amount “数量”。3. A.famousB sorryC eagerD. suitable解析：选C 根据下文可知，作者的父母也加入进来，践行环保。beeagerfo

22、r “渴望”。4. A.washed outB took awayC gave outD. threw away解析：选A 与空前的“reusing”呼应可推知，作者一家把遗弃的容器清洗后用来贮存(storage) o5. A.collectionB.showC storageD.decoration解析：选C参见上题解析。6. A.drinksB.booksC. coinsD.cups解析：选D 根据空前的“carried our own bags to the grocery store”和作者一家的环保理念可推知，他们应该是带着自己的杯子去咖啡店。7. A.nobleB. highC.

23、ambitiousD. green解析：选D 根据上文“filled with all sorts of easy tips to go green.”可推知，之后作者试着 把自己的环保理念传播给他人，故选D。8. A.recycleB. processC. resellD. donate解析：选A 结合作者的环保理念并根据语境可推知，作者从朋友那里收集杂志，循环 利用。9. A.servingB. copyingC- observingD. reminding解析：选 B 根据下文“One by one, my friends began to turn off the lights . m

24、ake use of the other 可推知，作者的朋友开始仿效作者，加入环保行动。B , takeD. turn10. A.payC. feed解析：选 C 根据空后的 “paper back into the printer to make use of the other并结 合语境可知，此处应是一种环保做法，即把纸重新放进打印机，使用纸的另一面(side)。feed 把放进”。B - partD. sideB concernedD. serious11. A.sheetC version解析：选D参见上题解析。12. A.curiousC. optimistic解析：选B 根据该句

25、Its not that. drawn to my confidence.”可推知,他们这样做并不 是他们关注环境，而是被作者的信心吸引，与上文作者的朋友开始效仿作者，践行环保理念呼应。13. A.proudlyC. calmly解析：选A 根据上文中的“but they were 信心满满，并以此为傲。14. A.Now thatB. politelyD. patientlydrawn to my confidence”可推知，作者热衷环保,B . Even ifC. UnlessD. Before解析：选B 根据语境可知，此处表示即使其他人不能分享你的热情，但他们将羡慕你 的信心，并且想像

26、你一样。15. A.settingB. makingC. givingD. following解析：选 D 结合语境“they will envy your confidence and want to be like you”可孑隹知,这意味着人们会被你的信心所感染，效仿你的环保行为。II.语法填空(2020贵B日监飒U)As the effects of global warming, rising sea levels and natural disasters become more serious before, some local communities are taking a

27、ction. Among them is one community in Florida 2 local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting 3 (coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested 4 (way) to address the problem. It has persuaded

28、 the state government 5 (ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes (沙丘)along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the groups founders, decided to take action in 2008 after it became 6 (gradual) clear that her state? s 27 water authorities couldn，t agree on joint

29、 (联合的)action.While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or 7 (cold), the people g (live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.At present, coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited bu

30、dget 9 (be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10 end.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做 出的努力。1. than 考查连词。由与该句中的“more”呼应可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填连词than。2. where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one community in Florida,引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。3. co

31、astal考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities,作 定语。4. ways考查名词的单复数。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式， 故填wayso5. to ban 考查非谓语动词。persuade sb. to do sth.”劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故 用不定式作宾语补足语。6. gradually 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became, 在句中作状语。7. colder 考查形容词比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter相对应，应用形 容词比较级，故填colder。8. l

32、iving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语the people和动词live构成逻 辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。9. is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Atpresent”可知，此处应用 一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语coming up with ways,谓语动词应用单数形式, 故填iso10. the考查冠词。intheend意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。Unit 5对应课标主题语境The power of nature人与自然人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系一、高考这样考/新高考已由“知识立意转向素养立意”高考语篇不仅是

33、用于“做”的，在很大程度上是用于“品”的作为晨读价值很大噢!（2019浙江 6 月高考阅读理解 C ）lCalifornia has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor （因 素）.2The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000

34、 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern

35、 California the decline was nearly 75 percent.3Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded

36、 with small trees that compete with big trees for resources （资源）.4But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected fro

37、m woodcutting or development.5The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into accoun

38、t such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.6Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces

39、the water supply available to trees during the dry season.（语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇）真题不厌百回做27. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B The increasing variety of California big trees.C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.D. The influence of

40、farming on big trees in California.解析：选 A 段落大意题。根据第二段中的The number of trees .declined by 50 percent. more than 55 percent .75 percent”提至I的数字可知，该段主要描述了加利福尼亚州各地森林中 大树都急剧减少的严重性，故选A。28. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?A. Ecological studies of forests.B Banning wood

41、cutting.C. Limiting housing development.D. Fire control measures.解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 u Aggressive wildfire control pete with big trees for resources （资源）.“可知，声势浩大的野外火灾控制措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林, 但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树竞争资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D。29. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?A. Inadequ

42、ate snowmelt.B. A longer dry season.C. A warmer climate.D. Dampness of the air.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures”可知，McIntyre 认为 水资源短缺的主要原 因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C。30. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. California

43、，s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?B Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California SoonC. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California解析：选A 标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国加利福尼亚州森林中大 树数量急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。考查素养深发掘一、依据语篇隐

44、性考查的语言能力1 .主题词汇语境中回顾（文中黑体词汇多揣摩）2 .熟词生义语境中辨析（写出黑体词汇的语境之义）The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds,宽No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountai

45、ns to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.幸免3 .生僻词汇语境中推断（写出汉语意思并识记积累）Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.生态学家Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for r

46、esources （资源）.声势浩大的4 .用构词法解构词汇多领悟（写出词源或意义）No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.该词由前缀 un-构成，意为：未受影响的Woodcutters targeted big trees.名词用作动词，意为：以为目标But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1

47、920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.名词用作动词，意为：（用文件）证明（或证实）The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calcula

48、ted how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）. 该词由后缀 -ness构成，意为：潮湿5 .用语法知识破译长难句The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated