高中英语复习资料--Book-8--Unit-3-综合训练.docx

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1、Book 8 Unit 3综合训练A卷主题阅读专攻练AWhen David Edwards founded the oPhone, he hoped scent（嗅觉的）messages would become the next big thing in the digitization of our online lives.The device looked like a high-tech cruet set （调味瓶），and allowed a friend with an iPhone app to send you scent messages alongside photos

2、. Send a picture of your dinner, tag it with four different tones, and whoever is on the receiving end can sniff it from the vase-like tubes of the oPhone.The oPhone didn，t take off, and the company has now shifted focus to a “scent speaker” called the Cyrano, which similarly uses a range of scent c

3、apsules to emit “play lists” of smells.Compared to our real world interactions, our online lives are lacking in scent. Our digital culture, so soaked in visual and aural stimuli, is odorless （没有气味的）.So why didn，t his marriage of smell and picture messaging excite more interest?From a technical point

4、 of view, smell is simply harder to mass communicate than sounds and pictures. u There are two main technological obstacles to making smell transmissible by digital means, explains biophysicist and author of Perfumes: The A-Z guide, Dr Luca Turin.“First, there are no odor primaries like RGB or CMYK.

5、 Second, it has proved impossible to stimulate the olfactory epithelium （上皮组织）directly by any means tried so far. This means that it is currently impossible to induce a sensation of smell without there being an actual chemical in the inhaled air （吸入的空气）.”“The more we，re plugged into the virtual worl

6、d, the more we deeply appreciate the contrast-moments in our human, experience, “ says designer and olfactory artist Mindy Yang.Intuitively, we realize that we are starved of certain sensations. With the rise of digital culture, society has become more interested in the missing sense what we smell.”

7、This interest in scent isnt only happening within the worlds of perfume and fashion. Over the past few years a number of cultural projects have set out to focus on the power of sensory experiences, from the use of a smell map, to the Tate Sensorium, which in 2015 let users experience visual art alon

8、gside smells, tastes and sounds.Whether its devices like the oPhone that try to introduce scent into digital messaging, organizations are growingly aware of our culture，s desire for sensory experiences. In a time of virtual reality and scentless social networks, its perhaps no wonder that we as a cu

9、lture have such a desire for something that instinctively feels real and authentic even if it was made in a lab.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种基于嗅觉数字技术的手机。1. What can we learn about the oPhone?A. The oPhone has defended our interest in what we smell.B. The oPhone hasn，t caught on yet since it was founded.C. T

10、he oPhone has swapped visual and aural stimuli for scent.D. The oPhone is a vase tube to sniff specific messages from.解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，oPhone自成立以来还没有流行起 来。故选B。2. What makes it challenging to introduce scent into digital messaging?A. The relevant tissue is impossible to stimulate directly.B. Sc

11、ent capsules should be applied to send out smells.C. There exists no actual chemical in the inhaled air.D. Sounds and pictures are easier to mass communicate.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第六段中“it has proved impossible to stimulate the olfactory epithelium （上皮组织）directly by any means tried so far” 可知，相关的组织不可 能被直接刺激，

12、这使得将气味引入到数字信息中具有挑战性。故选A。3. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To promote the oPhone which can send scent messages.B To reveal the problems of the invention of the oPhone.C. To predict the trend of the digitization of our online lives.D To introduce the oPhone based on smell-digita

13、l-technology.解析：选D 写作意图题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的意图是为了介 绍一种基于嗅觉数字技术的手机。故选D。BA Japanese telecom company has released a robot that is said to have emotions. But rather than run it in fear, weve welcomed it into our homes: Pepper, the “emotional robot”， sold out within a minute of going on sale.Created by A

14、ldebaran Robotics and Japanese mobile giant SoftBank, Pepper went on sale to the general public in Japan on June 20. “It is the first humanoid robot designed to live with humans 9 Aldebaran says on its website. Pepper costs about $1,600. And like all good mobile products, there，s a $120 per month da

15、ta fee, as well as an $80 per month damage insurance fee. According to a news release, Pepper can pick up on human emotions and create its own using a multi-layer neural （神经的）network.99 Peppers touch sensors and cameras are said to influence its mood, which is displayed on the tablet-sized screen on

16、 its chest.Pepper will sigh when unhappy, and can go around your house recording your familys daily activity. Aldebaran says Pepper can feel joy, surprise, anger; doubt and sadness”，but it doesnJ t say how strongly it can feel these emotions. What happens when Pepper is having a bad day? Will it, li

17、ke many humans, become uncooperative? Will it ask for some time alone? What happens if it figures out that its purpose in life is just to engage in small talks? Thankfully, Pepper is only about four feet tall, with roller balls instead of legs, so if it is angry with and even turns on its owners, yo

18、u II be safe if you can make it upstairs.Aldebaran says, in reality, they re probably quite a few decades away from artiflcial intelligence that could generate real emotions. Aldebaran wasn，t immediately available for comment on when Pepper will be available outside of Japan, but additional sales ar

19、e scheduled for July after the first 1,000 units sell out. SoftBank currently uses the robots in its stores as greeters, and it plans to offer Pepper to other stores in the future. Hopefully, “boredom” is not an emotion Pepper can feel.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了日本的一家电信公司发布了第一台“情感机 器人”，并阐述了情感机器人的使用费用、工作以及未来的

20、前景。4. What can we learn about Pepper according to the author?A. It is very popular among customers.B. It can not only run but also show fear.C. It is going to be sold all over the world.D. It can deal with many kinds of housework.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中aPepper, the emotional robot, , sold out within a

21、minute of going on sale” 可知，Pepper 非常受消费者欢迎。故选 Ao5. How much do you need to pay for Pepper，s data and damage insurance fee each year?A. 80 dollars.B. 120 dollars.C. 1,440 dollars.D. 2,400 dollars.解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 “theres a$120 per month data fee, as well as an $80 per month damage insurance fee ”

22、可知，每年用于 Pepper 的 data and damage insurance fee 为(120+80)义 12=2,400。故选 Do6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Pepper cannot produce real emotions.B. Pepper can feel joy, surprise and boredom.C. Pepper will be sold in other countries next year.D. Pepper is being used as waiters in some rest

23、aurants.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Aldebaran says, in realitythat could generate real emotions.”可知，Pepper现在是不能产生真正的情感的。故选A。CThe number of buses, taxis and other vehicles on Kenyas roads is growing every day. Now, the countrys first electric-powered motorbikes are coming onto the market. The bike is designed

24、 to cut down on pollution and aimed at low-income communities. Most motorbikes used in Kenya depend on gasoline, but not this new motorbike.Three university students developed the new ecotran bike. It catches the sun，s energy, stores it in batteries and uses it to charge （充电）the electric motor. Robe

25、rt Achoge is one of the student inventors. Our hope is that by the fifth year, we will be able to cover the whole of Kenya with the electric motorcycle so as to protect the environment and provide affordable transport/9The students have set up a charging station for the motorbikes in Nairobi. The sm

26、all battery can run for 70 kilometers when fully charged. Once the power is used up, the motorbike has to return to the station while another charged battery is connected to the bike. The U. S. African Development Foundation （ADF） is helping set up two solar-powered charging stations in the port of

27、Kisumu.Each ecotran bike costs about $700. One taxi operator says, the new motorbike costs less to operate than that running on traditional gasoline. When it comes to buying gasoline, there，s no need. If s basically good for various things. As long as you won，t take quite a heavy load （装载）,you can g

28、o with it anywhere. Otherwise, it may break down halfway. But now people still have a preference to the gas-powered bikes. ”A Nairobi businessman Kennedy Kusimba is selling the ecotran bikes. He hopes they will become popular. We also know they are more reliable compared to the gas-powered bikes. Th

29、ey are more efficient （效率高的）and they will last longer.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。肯尼亚第一辆电动摩托车就要上市了。文章介绍了这 种摩托车的优势及缺点，这种摩托车使用太阳能，非常环保。7. What has happened to the vehicles in Kenya?A. Motorbikes are not allowed on the road.B. A new kind of motorbike is hitting the road.C. There are fewer buses and taxis in the str

30、eet.D. Traditional motorbikes dont need gasoline any more.解析:选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Now, the countrys first electric-powered motorbikes are coming onto the market.w可知，肯尼亚第一辆电动摩托车就要上市了。故B 项正确。8. What do we know about the ecotran bike?A. It was developed by the ADF.B. It can charge itself while running.C. I

31、ts energy comes from the sunlight.D. It does more harm to the environment.解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句It catches the sun，s energy, stores it in batteries and uses it to charge （充电）the electric motor.”可知，这种新型的电动摩托车主要 使用太阳能。故C项正确。9. What do people think of the ecotran bike?A. If s better not to use it to carr

32、y too much.B. It is a good choice for the long-distance journey.C. It will take the place of gas-powered bikes soon.D. It is much more expensive than a traditional motorbike.解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第四段第五句As long as you won, t take quite a heavy load （装载）,you can go with it anywhere.”可知，这种电动摩托车不能装载太重。故A项正 确。10

33、. Where does the text probably come from?A. A research plan.B. An advertisement.C. A business report.D. A science magazine.解析：选D 文章出处题。肯尼亚第一辆电动摩托车就要上市了，本文主要介绍了这 种摩托车的优势及缺点。这种摩托车使用太阳能，非常环保。由此可知，本文应该是选自 与发明创造相关的科学杂志。故D项正确。B卷核心素养强化练I .完形填空The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to date as

34、far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the Middle Ages to 1 that we should learn science 2 observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 3 many important truths.Galileo （1

35、5641642）, 4 , who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, who began to show how many important 5 could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies more rapidly towards the earth

36、 than small ones, 7 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the 8 of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two9 stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo s of going direct to nature, and proving our U and theories by experiment, that has all the discoveries of modern science.What 13 those

37、people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know clearly thatscientists are those whose observations have better results.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一个科学家应该是一个很好的观察者，不能盲目相信 他人，应该通过观察和实验来获得正确的观点和理论。1. A.commandB. suspectC. suggestD. conclude解析：选C 根据空后的内容可知，这里应是Roger Bacon提出的建议。command 命 令；suspect “怀疑；s

38、uggest 建议” ;conclude 推断”。故C选项正确。2. A.inB. withC. onD. by解析：选 D 根据空后面的“observing and experimenting on the things around us” 可 知，此处表示通过观察我们周围的事物并做实验。故D选项正确。3. A.broughtB. discoveredC. handledD. announced解析：选B 结合上文和空后的“many important truths”可知，他本人发现了很多重要 的真理。故B选项正确。bring 带来；discover 发现；handle “处理；annou

39、nce 宣 布”。4. A.howeverB. thereforeC. seldomD. never解析：选A 上文说Roger Bacon也许是中世纪第一个建议通过观察和实验的方式来 学习科学，此处表示转折，然而，伽利略是几个伟大的人物中最伟大的一个。故A选项正 确。5. A.truthsB. problemsC. investigationsD. subjects解析：选A 由空后的“could be discovered by observation”可知，很多真理可以通过观 察而被发现。上文中的“many important truths”也是提示。truth 事实；真理”； prob

40、lem “问题；investigation 调查；subject “主题”。故 A 选项正确。6. A.threwB.fellC. ranD.rolled解析：选B 根据下文中的“letfall”可知，空处应选fell。故B选项正确。7. A.althoughB.becauseC. whenD. if解析：选B 根据“Aristotle said so”的意思可知，这里表示因为亚里士多德是这样说的。故B选项正确。8. A.placeB. footC. topD. ceiling解析：选 C 结合空后的“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two sto

41、nes”可知，伽利略跑到了比萨斜塔的塔顶。故C选项正确。9. A.bigB. smallC. similarD. unequal解析：选D 根据上文和空后面的stones and proved Aristotle was wrong”可知，此处 表示使用了两块不同重量的石头，因此选unequal “不相等的”。故D选项正确.similar 相 似的“；unequal “不均等的”。10. A.spiritB. skillC. theoryD. wish解析：选A 由空后面的“of going direct to nature”可知，此处表示科学精神(spirit)。 故A选项正确。skill

42、“技能”；theory 理论；wish “愿望”。11. A.plansB. opinionsC. worldD. ability解析：选B 与空后面“and theories by experiment”中的theories呼应，此处表示通过 实验证明我们的观点和理论。故B选项正确。12. A.led toB. turned toC. setupD. put forward解析：选A 这里是说正是伽利略的这种精神使得现代科学能有所发现。故A选项正 确。lead to 导致 ；turn to 转向；setup 建立；put forward “提出”。13. A.makesB. prevents

43、C. considersD. promises解析：选A 结合下文中的“scientists are those可知，此处是说“什么使这些人成为好的科学家”。故A选项正确。make 使得；prevent ”阻止”；consider “考虑”； promise “许诺。14. A.reasonableB. successfulC. expertD. sensitive解析：选 B reasonable “合理的”；successful “成功的；expert“熟练的； sensitive “敏感的”。结合上文中所举的例子我们可以清楚地知道，成功的(successful)科学 家是那些善于观察、敢

44、于实践和挑战权威的人。故B选项正确。15. A.foreseenB. rejectedC. producedD. challenged解析：选C 根据语境，此处指那些科学家们的观察产生了更好的结果。foresee 预 见” ；reject 拒绝；produce “生产；challenge “挑战”。故C选项正确。II.语法填空China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its four great new (invent)” 一 high-speed rail, electronic payment, sha

45、red bicycle, and online shopping.Chinas new-generation high-speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the 2 (fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350 km/h. Besides high-speed rail, China 3 (improve) people，s lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.Bike sharing,

46、 for example, is not new itself. But China has made 4 much more convenient and popular both in China ， overseas. The leading Chinese bike-sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop 6

47、 (buy) and eat whatever you want (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smartphone by a (scan) the seller，s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into a 9 (choose) for Chinese people even a pancake seller is using Alipay.As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online sho

48、pping at first, 10 is now the most ways to make purchases in China. You can buy anything you need without leaving your homes.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发明”。1. inventions 考查名词。前面有four great new修饰，应用名词的复数形式，故填 inventionso2. fastest考查形容词的最高级。根据后面的比较范围in the world可知，这里应用最 高级形式。3. has improved 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。over the last decade表示“在过去十 年”，常和现在完成时连用；又因主语是China,故用has improved。4. it考查代词。这里it指代前面的Bike sharing,充当动词made的宾语。5. and 考查连词。bothand为固定搭配，表示“两者都”。6. to buy 考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，这里表示 停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定