2022年暑假新高三暑假提能英语题型专练(阅读理解完形填空语法填空)Day 01(解析版).docx

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1、2022年暑假新高三【暑假提能】英语题型专练（通用版）01阅读理解+完形填空+语深填空一、阅读理解1If you start a sentence with, “If I were you.” or find yourself scratching your head over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, theres a scientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become exhausted over the course of the

2、 day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesnt suffer the same difficulties.“The problem is decision fatigue, a psychological phenomenon that causes harm to the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making J says Evan P

3、olman, a leading psychologist.Physicians on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics （抗生素）to patients when its unwise to do so. Presumably its because its simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate furthe

4、r,Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts. By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of

5、 decision fatigue,he says. It is as if there is something fun about making someone elses choice.”Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good. When people experience deci

6、sion fatigue, when they are tired of making choices, they have a tendency to choose to go with status quo J says Polman. But it can be problematic since a change in the course of action can be important and lead to a positive outcome.”To achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is

7、almost always essential, People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,he says. Thats not to say risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin （懊恼）of a decision m

8、aker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”“Just because you can make good choices for others doesnt mean youll do the same for yourself,Polman cautions. Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves J he says, adding

9、that people slip in and out of decision roles.1. What does the author say about people making decisions?A. They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.B. They may become exhausted making too many decisions for themselves.C. They show considerable differences in their decision

10、-making abilities.D. They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.2. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A. When they take decision shortcuts.B. When they have advisers to turn to.C. When they have major decisions to make.D. When they help others to make decisions.

11、22. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Japanese working in a company may face a great stress from overwork.B. Its still not that easy for Japanese women to get out to work.C. If you drink a lot of alcohol with your boss, you will be fired.D. Japanese government has tried to help more w

12、omen to work in society.23. What does the author mainly tell us in the passage?A. The population of Japan has decreased because of its strong economy.B. What the daily life in Japan is like.C. Women in Japan prefer to stay at home rather than work in society.D. Every Japanese lives in a tight place.

13、【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本人的日常生活是什么样子的。20.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话“The nations increasingly strict immigration policies, low birth rates, and aging society means that Japans population is said to decrease by 500,000 a year over the next few decades, which could mean life in Japan could dramatically change.（日本日

14、益严格的移民政策、低出生率和老龄化社会 意味着日本人口在未来几十年内每年将减少50万，这可能意味着日本的生活将发生巨大变化厂可知，日本 人口减少有三个原因，严格的移民政策、低出生率和老龄化社会，所以“它是世界上最大的经济体之一”并 不是日本人口减少的原因。应选C。21.句意猜想题。根据划线句子前面的内容“In Japan, more than 126 million people live in 145,000 square miles that make for pretty tight living places. Many Japanese are packed together on

15、crowded sidewalks or are pushed into subway cars like sardines.（在日本，超过1.26亿人居住在14.5万平方英里的土地上，这使得居住 环境非常紧凑。许多日本人挤在拥挤的人行道上，或者像沙丁鱼一样被推到地铁车厢里）”可知，日本的居 住环境很非常紧凑，几乎很难找到个人空间，所以划线的句子意为“日本人很难找到一个完全属于自己的 地方。”应选D。22 .细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句话“And believe it or not, part of getting promoted means drinking alcohol -a lot

16、 of alcohol. Here, having beers with your boss may seem an essential way to build trust within the office.（信不信由你，晋升的一局部意味着喝酒大量饮酒。在这里，和老板喝啤酒似乎是在办公室内建 立信任的一种重要方式）”可知，晋升是需要陪老板喝酒，所以“如果你和老板喝酒过量，你会被解雇的”的 描述是错误的。应选C。23 .主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句话“But what does daily life look like for those who live in Japan today?（

17、但是今天生活在日本的人们的日常生活是什么样的呢？厂以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了现在日本 人的日常生活是什么样子的。应选B。7Mark Zuckerberg, one of the richest people in the world, features in a long line of university dropouts who became millionaires after founding technology companies-Bill Gates and Steve Jobs among them.But 12 years after leaving Harvard to

18、 work on Facebook full time, he has returned to pick up his degree.Zuckerberg founded what was then called The Facebook in his college dormitory in 2004. The service was at first limited only to Harvard students before expanding to other Ivy League universities.He was asked to deliver a speech given

19、 to graduating students. After receiving the honor, he posted a photo of him with his parents Edward and Karen Zuckerberg. During his speech, Mr. Zuckerberg praised students for finishing “something I never could”.“If I get through this speech, it will be the first time I will have actually finished

20、 something at Harvard”.Even after the company moved its headquarters to California, Zuckerberg continued to be enrolled at Harvard until he dropped out in November 2005.His honorary degree comes 12 years later, a little quicker than it took Bill Gates, another famous Harvard dropout to get his. Gate

21、s, who left to found Microsoft in 1975, did not receive his honorary degree until 2007.Earlier before Zuckerberg came back to Harvard, Forbes magazine named Facebook the worlds fourth most valuable brand. Zuckerberg is the worlds fifth-richest person, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. I

22、n 2010, Time magazine named Zuckerberg Person of the Year and Vanity Fair magazine listed him among its top 100 most influential people of the information age”.24. According to the passage, it can be inferred that.A. Mark Zuckerberg left college without getting his degree in 2004.B. Bill Gates recei

23、ved his honorary degree earlier than Zuckerberg.C. Mark Zuckerberg received his honorary degree in 2007.D. Bill Gates set up his own technology company in the college dormitory.25. For whom was The Face Book intended at the beginning?A. Students in Ivy League universities.B. Students in Harvard only

24、.C. Students in Harvard and other Ivy League universities.D. Students in his dormitory only.26. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph Four?A. He encourages students to challenge themselves.B. He encourages students to leave school.C. He encourages students to do anything they want.D. H

25、e encourages students to do something easy.27. The underlined word “dropouts” in the first paragraph refers to.A. people who go to famous universitiespeople who have their own companiesB. people who dont finish school or collegepeople who arent admitted to universities【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Facebook创始

26、人马克扎克伯格在离开哈佛全职从事 Facebook工作12年后，最终获得了荣誉学位的经历。文章还讲述了他在工作期间所获得的成就。24 .推理判断题。根据第六段“Even after the company moved its headquarters to California, Zuckerberg continued to be enrolled at Harvard until he dropped out in November 2005.(即使在该公司将总部迁至加利福尼 亚州后，扎克伯格仍继续在哈佛就读，直到2005年11月他退学户以及第七段“His honorary degree

27、comes 12 years later, a little quicker than it took Bill Gates, another famous Harvard dropout to get his. Gates, who left to found Microsoft in 1975, did not receive his honorary degree until 2007.(12 年后,他获得了荣誉学位，这比另 一位著名的哈佛辍学学生比尔盖茨获得荣誉学位的速度要快一些。盖茨于1975年离开微软创立微软，直 到2007年才获得荣誉学位。户可知，盖茨在2007年获得荣誉学位，而

28、马克扎克伯格是在2017年获得的 荣誉学位，由此可推知，比尔盖茨比扎克伯格更早获得荣誉学位。应选B。25 .细节理解题。根据第三段Zuckerberg founded what was then called The Facebook” in his college dormitory in 2004. The service was at first limited only to Harvard students before expanding to other Ivy League universities.（2004年，扎克伯格在他的大学宿舍创立了当时被称为“脸书”的网站。这项服务最

29、初仅限于哈佛 学生，后来扩展到其他常春藤联盟大学广可知，Facebook 一开始是为哈佛学生准备的。应选B。26 .句意猜想题。根据第六段“If I get through this speech, it will be the first time I will have actually finished something at Harvard”.（“如果我完成了这次演讲，这将是我第一次在哈佛真正完成一些事情可知，扎克 伯格认为在哈佛大学完成演讲就是完成了以前没有做过的事情，所以划线的句子“something I never could” 的意思是他鼓励学生挑战自我，做一些自己没做过的事

30、情。应选A。27 .词义猜想题。根据第二段“But 12 years after leaving Harvard to work on Facebook full time, he has returned to pick up his degree.（但在离开哈佛全职从事Facebook工作12年后，他又回来拿他的学位）”可知，马克扎 克伯格并没有在上哈佛期间完成学业，而是中途退学了。所以dropout的意思为“没有完成学业或大学学业 的人”。应选C。8In 2009, biologist Charles Anderson put forward an assumption that glo

31、be skimmer dragonflies （蜻蜓）on the Maldives had flown in from what he assumed was India. When they flew off again, it was towards East Africa. 12 years later, a group of researchers decided to investigate his claim.Globe skimmer dragonflies are too small to be fitted with electronic devices. Instead,

32、 the researchers examined its physical aspects and calculated how long a globe skimmer dragonfly could stay in the air using the energy that can be stored in its body. In addition, the researchers used wind models to determine if there are winds that facilitate the migration in both directions.“Our

33、study shows that this migration from India to East Africa is actually possible. However, the globe skimmer dragonfly cant manage it using only the fat in its body. It also requires favorable winds and these are present during certain periods of the year,“ says Johanna Hedlund, a biology researcher a

34、t Lund University. According to the migration experiments using wind models, about 15 percent of the dragonflies could manage the migration from India to Africa in the spring. In the autumn, 40 percent could make the same journey in the opposite direction.Johanna Hedlund and her colleagues consider

35、it impressive that dragonflies can do this at all. Even more impressive is the fact that the globe skimmer dragonfly migration across the Indian Ocean is the longest in the animal kingdom in relation to an animals size.Other animals also rely on favorable wind conditions when they migrate. Two examp

36、les are the amur falcon and the Jacobin cuckoo, which also fly across the Indian Ocean. The researchers warn that climate change may affect the chances of these birds and the globe skimmer dragonfly in the future. There is a risk that wind patterns will change when the water surface gets warmer.28.

37、How do the researchers mainly prove their assumption?A. By fitting electronic devices.B. By giving examples.C. By performing experiments.D. By making comparisons.29. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. The dragonfly flies using the fat in its body.B. 15 percent of the dragonflies left Africa for A

38、frica.C. The dragonfly flies the longest in the animal world.D. Charles Anderson spotted dragonflies flying to India.30. Why are two examples mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To illustrate how the animals fly.B. To warn people of the climate change.C. To evidence that water surface gets wanner.D.

39、To show the influence of wind on the migration. 31. Whats main idea of the text?A. Wind conditions are crucial to dragonflies.B. Climate change may affect animals, migration.C. Dragonflies can migrate across the Indian Ocean.D. Johanna and her colleagues investigate dragonflies.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍

40、了一项研究，研究说明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的 迁徙。28 .细节理解题。才艮据第三段中“According to the migration experiments using wind models, about 15 percent of the dragonflies could manage the migration from India to Africa in the spring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实 验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非洲的迁徙。户可知，研究人员主要是通过实验来证明他们 的假设的。应选C项。29 .推理判断题。根据第三段中“However

41、, the globe skimmer dragonfly cant manage it using only the fat in its body. It also requires favorable winds and these are present during certain periods of the year.（然而， 全球掠食蜻 蜓无法仅靠体内的脂肪来解决这个问题。它还需要有利的风，而这种风在一年中的某些时候会出现。厂可 知，这种蜻蜓在飞行中会依靠体内的脂肪来完成迁徙。应选A项。30 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Other animals also rely on f

42、avorable wind conditions when they migrate. Two examples are the amur falcon and the Jacobin cuckoo, which also fly across the Indian Ocean.（其他动物在迁徙 时也依赖有利的风力条件。两个例子是阿穆尔猎鹰和雅各宾杜鹃，它们也飞越印度洋。广可知，本段提到 了两个例子是为了展示风对迁徙的影响。应选D项。31 .主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段中“Our study shows that this migration from India to East Afri

43、ca is actually possible.（我们的研究说明,这种从印度到东非的迁徙实际上是可能的。）”和“According to the migration experiments using wind models, about 15 percent of the dragonflies could manage the migration from India to Africa in the spring.（根据利用风模型进行的迁徙实验，大约15%的蜻蜓能够在春天完成从印度到非 洲的迁徙。）”以及第四段中“Even more impressive is the fact that

44、 the globe skimmer dragonfly migration across the Indian Ocean is the longest in the animal kingdom in relation to an animals size.（更令人Epi象深亥1J的事实 是，全球蜻蜓跨越印度洋的迁徙是动物王国中最长的，相对于动物的大小。广可知，本文主要介绍了一项 研究，研究说明蜻蜓可以利用风完成跨越印度洋的迁徙。应选C项。二、七选五1Human bodies were actually designed for walking, a wonderful form of e

45、xercise at no cost. Its kind to our bodies and great for our waistlines. 32Probably you already love to walk, but youre getting bored of tracing the same old route day after day, or maybe you9re new to walking and arent sure how to get started. 33 Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking

46、 aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the countryside or explore a new city? Knowing your goals will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do.Call up your friends and schedule walks with them if socializing is your aim. 34 Many mall

47、s have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall”. These groups are always happy to include one more walker!35 Many large cities have incredible gardens and parks that include quiet walking trails getting you off the beaten path. Thanks to the Rails to Trails program, railways

48、across the country are being transformed into scenic walking paths that are a perfect way to seek calmness.From the benefits to your heart to your overall happiness, walking is just plain good for you. 36 Its a fantastic way to get to know a place by the power of your own two feet.A. This month, pic

49、k up a map and start walking.B. Ask your friends where they like to walk and just go there.C. You may as well consider heading to a new city for a change.D. Either way, ifs time to accept the idea of walking with a purpose.E. Recently, science has proved that walking is good for your body shape.F. And best of all, its a great way to se