化学专业英语化学专业英语课期末考试试卷.doc

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1、化学专业英语试卷学号： 姓名： 成绩:一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共 30 分，每小题 1 分） 1. Ni(ClO4)23. FeCl25. Al(NO3)37. MnO29. N2O311. NaClO13. P2O515. KMnO417. 盐酸19. KCN21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷23. 四氯化碳25. 中和27. 比热容29. 酸酐2. CuSO44. CoCO36. Ca(C2H3O2)28. H2SO410. 六氰合铁（）酸钾12. Ag2SO314. 草酸铅16. Zn(OH)218. 磷酸根20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷24.

2、石蕊试纸26. 滴定28. 非电解质30. 配位化合物二、把下列句子译成英文（本题共 30 分，每小题 6 分）1包括所有的过渡和内过渡元素在内的大多数元素都是金属。 2. 碱式盐具有碱的性质，能够同酸反应生成正盐和水3能量不会产生也不会消亡，即宇宙中的能量是守恒的。4. 当酸的当量等于碱的当量时中和反应就发生了 5. 如果G 是正值，表示给定过程不能自发发生；不过其反向反应可以自发进行。三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共 40 分，每小题 10 分） 1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is

3、 at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldnt be able to travel because there w

4、ould be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fig

5、ht disease.2 The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules can be understood in terms of a set

6、 of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of such a model is that it does not depend on atomic or molecular structure. Furthermore, conclusions about a given process .based on this model, do not require details of how the process is car

7、ried out. 3Preparation of Cu(en)2(cda)H2O: H2cda （4-羟基-2,6 吡啶二酸）(0.020 g, 0.1 mmol) was dissolved in water (10 mL) and the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 78 with aqueous NaOH solution (0.1 molL-1), then adding it dropwise to a methanol solution (10mL) of Cu(ClO4)26H2O (0.037g, 0.1mmol) and

8、 ethylenediamine (0.2 mmol) under stirring at room temperature. After the resulting small quantity of precipitates was filtered off, dark blue crystals suitable for X-ray structure analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of the filtrate at room temperature. 4. Measure 50 ml of vinegar with a pipe

9、tte and pour into a 250-ml beaker. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Fill a burette with a 1 N solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and draw out the excess as described above. From the burette add NaOH to the beaker of vinegar until 1 drop of NaOH produces a pale pink color in the solution. M

10、aintain constant stirring. The appearance of pink tells you that the acid has been neutralized by the base and there is now 1 drop of excess base which has turned the indicator. Read the burette and record this reading as the volume of base used to neutralize the acid. One molecule of NaOH neutralizes one molecule of acetic acid, or one gram-molecular weight of NaOH neutralizes one gram-molecular weight of acetic acid. Calculate the amount of acetic acid present in the vinegar. Report this amount as the percentage of acetic acid.6 / 6