高中英语的时态复习.ppt

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1、1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 (时间状语时间状语:every, sometimes ,seldom, now and then, forever, occasionally , frequently, once/twice /several times a week /mouthat, on Sunday, often, always) I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He cycles to work every day. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

2、客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees. 3) 表示格言或警句中。表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。骄者必败。此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓谓 语也要用一般现在时。语也要用一般现在时。)例如：例如： Columbus proved that the earth is round

3、.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and sta

4、nd back. 第二句中的第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。进行的动作的客观状况。5）.现在一般时常用于新闻标题、剧情介绍、体育项目，电视现在一般时常用于新闻标题、剧情介绍、体育项目，电视的解说等。的解说等。a. Japanese Minister resigns.b. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly. Meanwhile the window opens a

5、nd a masked man enters the room.1）下列动词：）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, depart,start, begin, return,stay,的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间 上已确定或安排好的事情。上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here c

6、omes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是不是will come), ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在动词在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure

7、that the windows are closed before you leave the room.5）表示状态或感觉的动词，因不宜用进行时，所以习惯上用一）表示状态或感觉的动词，因不宜用进行时，所以习惯上用一 般现在时般现在时.这样的动词有：这样的动词有：be, know , understand , doubt, believe , hope, want, have, wish , mean, love, like, guess, need, prefer, belong, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, own, remain, seem, co

8、ntain等。等。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：时间状语有：yesterday, the day before yesterday,last week, the other day, then, at that time,. ago, in 1982, at the age of , in ones thirties, just now,once, once upon a time 等。等。 Where did you go just now? I saw Tom in the street yesterday.

9、I bought this TV set in Beijing last year. 2）表示在过去某时或一段时间内，经常性，习惯性的动作或反复表示在过去某时或一段时间内，经常性，习惯性的动作或反复 发生的动作。发生的动作。 Before liberation she lived in Tianjin about ten years. When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。 （1）动词）动词want, hope, wonder, think,

10、 intend 等。例如：等。例如： Did you want anything else? I wanted to ask you about that. Did you want to speak to me now? I wondered if you could help me. （2）情态动词情态动词 could, would，例如：例如：Could you lend me your bike?4）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。 If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. If

11、he were here now, we could turn to him for help.5）在叙述死去的人时用过去时。）在叙述死去的人时用过去时。 Liu hulan was a fine daughter of the Party. 6) 在间接引语中在间接引语中He said he did /had done it by himself. 一般时一般时 进行时进行时 完成时完成时现在主动式现在主动式askasksamis askingarehave/has asked现在被动式现在被动式 amis askedareamis being askedarehas been askedh

12、ave过去主动式过去主动式didwas askingwerehad asked过去被动式过去被动式was askedwerewas being askedwerehad been asked It is time for sb. to do sth “到到时间了；该时间了；该了了”，例如：，例如： It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。你该睡觉了。 It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该时间已迟了；早该了了”，例如：，例如： It is time 你早该睡觉了。你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did

13、 sth.表示表示“宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事”，例如：，例如： Id rather .Christine was an invalid 病人病人, 残废者残废者all her life.(含义：她已不在含义：她已不在人间。人间。)Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义：她现在还活着含义：她现在还活着)Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for s

14、even years. ( 含义：现在还住含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去) 表示将来要发生的动作或状态，以及将来经常的或习惯的动作。表示将来要发生的动作或状态，以及将来经常的或习惯的动作。 (next week, tomorrow, this week, the day after tomorrow) 1) shall用于第一人称，常被用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first

15、？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month. c. 有迹象要发生的事有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.

16、 3) be about to +不定式，意为马上或刚要做某事。不定式，意为马上或刚要做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing.be about to 不能与不能与tomorrow, next week 等等 表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 4) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则

17、表示主则表示主 观的打算或计划。例如：观的打算或计划。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排客观安排)Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排主观安排) 用于条件句时，用于条件句时，be going to表将来，表将来，will表意愿，倾向表意愿，倾向 或不以人们或不以人们 的意志为转移。例如：的意志为转移。例如： If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as pos

18、sible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. I will be fifty next year. Animals will die without air.（倾向）倾向）“wont “表示表示“不能不能”The machine wont work.The door wont open.5) come , go, start, begin, leave, arrive用进行时形式表示将用进行时形式表示将 来时。来时。 I am le

19、aving for Beijing.1. They always _(clean) the rooms themselves.2. Last Sunday I_(get up) very early.3. They will come to help if you _(have) difficulty.4. If it _(rain), the match will be postponed.5. After we_(have) our breakfast, Jane and I went to the Peoples Park.6. We _soon _(go) to the country

20、side.cleangot uphaverainshadshallgo四四、现现在在进进行行时时四四、现现在在进进行行时时1. 表表示示现现在在( 指指说说话话人人说说话话时时) 正正在在发发生生的的事事情情。(now, right now) 例例如如：We are waiting for you.2. 习习惯惯进进行行：表表示示长长期期的的或或重重复复性性的的动动作作，说说话话时时动动作作未未必必正正在在进进行行。例例如如：Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说说话话时时并并未未在在写写，只只处处于于写写作作的的状状态态。)She is learning

21、piano under Mr. Smith.3. 表表示示渐渐变变的的动动词词有有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting warmer and warmer.4. 与与always, constantly, forever 等等词词连连用用，表表示示反反复复发发生生的的动动作作或或持持续续存存在在的的状状态态，往往往往带带有有说说话话人人的的主主观观色色彩彩。You are always changing your mind.如：如：have, belong, posse

22、ss, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister.如：如：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I need your help. He loves her v

23、ery much.如：如：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse. I accept your advice.如：如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired.1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，

24、另一个短动作发生。发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3) 常用的时间状语有：常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例句：例句： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the s

25、un was shining.1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时表时间的同时性，间的同时性，玛丽在做衣服时玛丽在做衣服时提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。进行时。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fallingB. was reading

26、; fell C. was reading; was fallingD. read; fell答案答案B.句中的句中的as = when, while，意为意为当当之时之时。描述一件事发。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为发生。句意为 在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。句中的句中的 fell (fall的过的过去时去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。 1. Look! How wonderful my car is! Oh,

27、Jack. What are you thinking about? Dont you like it? Im sorry I _ any remark about it in time. I certainly think its smart.A. wasnt making B. dont make C. wont make D. didnt make2. To find the street where I lived in my childhood is no easy task because the city _ so rapidly all these years.A. is ch

28、anging B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change3. He _ quite well, but he hasnt had time to swim since this summer.A. will swim B. have swum C. swam D. swims4. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but he _by now.A. hasnt turned up B. doesnt turn up C. wont turn up D. hadnt turned u

29、p5. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus.A. catch B. had caught C. caught D. catching7. The truth, sir, is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walking8. I really dont think Rose will be upset, but I will go and

30、 see her in case she _.A. is B. does C. will be D. has been9. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playing B. were to play C. had played D. played10. Kate is in hospital. Oh, really? I _. _ visit her

31、.A. didnt know; Ill go and B. dont know; Ill go andC. dont know; Im going to D. didnt know; Im going to11. Where _ the guidebook? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here, but now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. had you put; have putC. have you put; put D. were you putting; put14. Do you live

32、in this city? No, we _ it for holidays.A. just visit B. just visited C. are just visiting D. have visited15. How is the old man now? Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him.A. was dead B. had died C. has been dead D. died16.The lake will be further polluted unless some measures _.A. w

33、ill be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken 18.The workers _ busily when the boss came to look for something he _ in the office.A. had worked, had left B. were working ; had left C. working ; had left D. had worked; left21.The notice _ “No smoking”. A. is told B. reads C. tells D. is r

34、ead将来进行时：将来进行时：1）表示将来某个特定时间要进行的动作。）表示将来某个特定时间要进行的动作。What will you be doing this time tomorrow?When I get home, you will probably be watching television.2)表示早已安排将来要做的或预定会发生的事，往往指难以改变。表示早已安排将来要做的或预定会发生的事，往往指难以改变。He will be staying with us again next year.Will you be coming at six tomorrow?3)把将来的事件看作惯例

35、或常规，此事件肯定会发生。把将来的事件看作惯例或常规，此事件肯定会发生。We will be having our weekly meeting tomorrow so Ill present your proposal then.4) Will be doing 还表示还表示“推测推测”的含义，意为的含义，意为“大概大概” “一一定定”， 常与常与now连用。连用。Hurry up. They will be watching.7.现在完成时：现在完成时：1）表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现有影响。句中没有）表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。具体时间状语。He

36、 has gone to Fuzhou.I have lost my wallet.常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：already, yet, just, recently, lately, still, ever ,so far, never, until /till now, up to now, in the past/last few years,today, now, this week,for , since等等.Now I have finished the work.He has been married for six years.(用延续性动词）用延续性动词）2）还可以用在

37、时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的）还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。动作。Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the afternoon,well go to the park.It has been/ is +time since S+ didIt /This is + the first/ the last/ the only +名词名词 that 现在完成时现在完成时It/ This is + the best/the worst

38、/the most interesting +名词名词 +that 现在完成时现在完成时8）过去完成时：）过去完成时：1.)用于描述过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态。用于描述过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态。By the tine the UN task force arrived , the rebel forces had taken the province.2).也可常与也可常与before, after, when, until等词引导的过去时间状语等词引导的过去时间状语从句连用，使被描述事件发生的先后表达得更清楚。从句连用，使被描述事件发生的先后表达得更清楚。The

39、 train had left before I reached the station.When we got back, the babysitter had gone home.By /Towards / Before the end of + 过去时间过去时间At the time of + 过去时间过去时间By +过去时间过去时间By the time +句子（过去时）句子（过去时）句子句子+ 过去完成时过去完成时At the time of the trial last summer Tom had been in prison for eight months.Scarcely

40、/Rarely/Hardly 过去完成时（倒装）过去完成时（倒装）+when + 句子（过去时）句子（过去时）No sooner过去完成时（倒装）过去完成时（倒装）+than+句子（过去时）句子（过去时）表示过去没有实现的愿望。动词表示过去没有实现的愿望。动词expect, hope, intend, mean, suppose, think, arrange, plan, guess, believe等用过去完成时。等用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中的过去完成时。在虚拟语气中的过去完成时。9.将来完成时：将来完成时：表示预计将来某个时刻前某种行为已经完成表示预计将来某个时刻前某种行为已经完成 。常

41、用的时间状。常用的时间状By, by then, before, within the next week, when, before等。等。Eg. By the time he arrives, we will already have left California. You can have my report by the end of the morning. In fact, Ill have finished it within the next hour. Ill have finished reading the book before the next lesson.10.

42、过去将来时：过去将来时：1)表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。（would do) They were sure that they would succeed.2)过去将来时用于宾语从句。过去将来时用于宾语从句。He said he would call for me at six. 其他几种表达法：其他几种表达法：1）“was/were going to do”表示过去的表示过去的“预见预见”或或“意图意图”， 也表示计划没有实现。也表示计划没有实现。2）“was/were to do”, “was /were about

43、to do”, was/were due to do表示按计划，安排将在过去将来要发生的事情。表示按计划，安排将在过去将来要发生的事情。As I was to leave the next day, I went to bed early.3）“was/were to have done” 表示表示“原打算，原计划或本应当原打算，原计划或本应当”做的事没有做或没有发生。做的事没有做或没有发生。I was to have seen him last Wednesday, but he didnt come.4) “was/were due to have done ” 表示表示“按原计划要进行，

44、按原计划要进行， 但结但结果并未发生果并未发生”。The exam result were (due) to have arrived at the school today but apparently the exam board has not posted them yet. 11. 现在完成进行时：现在完成进行时：表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到说话时还在表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束。句中常有：进行或刚结束。句中常有：for , since , how long, lately, recently, all the time , al

45、l morning, all day, so far等等I am tired . I have been painting the living room all day. 一般时一般时 进行时进行时 完成时完成时现在现在amis askedareamis being askedarehas been askedhave 过去过去was askedwerewas being askedwerehad been asked 将来将来shall be askedwillshall have been askedwill过去将来过去将来should be askedwouldshould have

46、been askedwould 情态动词情态动词 can-couldmay-mightmust-had to/musthave to-had to shall-should be askedwill-would have been askedought to-need-had todare-dared NoticeBikes and mopeds can be parked in the bike park just across the street. They mustnt be left anywhere you like. If anyone does so, the bike may

47、 be taken away by the police and he/she may be fined. Thanks for your cooperation. .doc现在时：现在时：(Present Tense)1、一般现在时一般现在时：do/does 表客观真理、时刻表的安排、现在的状况、表客观真理、时刻表的安排、现在的状况、 时间状语和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时间状语和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来2、现在进行时现在进行时：am/is/are doing 现在正进行的动作、与现在正进行的动作、与always连用表强烈的语气、表计划安排连用表强烈的语气、表计划安排3、现

48、在完成时现在完成时：have/has done 常与常与recently/lately/ so far/ up to now/in the past three years/ Its the first time+完成时、完成时、since+过去的点时间等连用过去的点时间等连用4、现在完成进行时现在完成进行时：have/has been doing 刚刚过去的动作对现在的影响或继续持续下去刚刚过去的动作对现在的影响或继续持续下去Practice1:1. This kind of glasses _(wear) comfortably. 2. The plane _(take) off at 8

49、 tomorrow morning. 3. If I _(not invite), I wont go. 4. She _ always _(complain) about her job. 5. It is the first time I _(visit) the Birds Nest. 6. It _(be) 5 years since they separated. 7. The past few years _(see) the rapid development in China. 8. Why are you so hot? -I _(play) football with my

50、 classmates and how I want to have a drink.wearstakesam not invitedis complaininghave visitedhas beenhas seenhave been playing过去时：过去时：(Past Tense)1、一般过去时一般过去时： did / was, were 与过去的时间状语连用：the other day; last term; three decades ago2、过去进行时过去进行时：was /were doing 过去正在进行的动作，可与at that time连用3、过去完成时过去完成时：ha