句子结构宾从状从定从.ppt

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1、关于句子结构宾从状从定从现在学习的是第1页，共39页句子句子成分句子结构句子种类现在学习的是第2页，共39页句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者 定语:用来修饰名词、代词 状语:时间、地点、原因等 表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样”现在学习的是第3页，共39页句子成分 主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 定语:You beat the bad boy.状语:You stayed at home. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy.现在学习的是第4页，共39页

2、句子种类按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分陈述句疑问句祈使句简单句并列句复合句感叹句现在学习的是第5页，共39页 1. We often study Chinese history on 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. called Tom. 3. There is a chair in this room, i

3、snt 3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there? there?简单句简单句复合句复合句简单句简单句现在学习的是第6页，共39页 4. He is in Class One and I am in 4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. Class Two. 5. He was fond of drawing when5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. he was yet a child. 6. My brother and I

4、go to school at 6. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning. half past seven in the morning.并列句并列句 复合句复合句 简单句简单句现在学习的是第7页，共39页 7. Neither has he changed his mind, 7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. nor will he do so. 8. What he said at the meeting is 8. Wha

5、t he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it? very important, isnt it? 9. The farmer is showing the boy 9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. how to plant a tree. 10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy 10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. country music.并列句并列句 复合句复合句 简单句简单句简单句简单句现在学

6、习的是第8页，共39页简单句结构简单句结构1. 1. 主语主语+ +谓语谓语2. 2. 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语3. 3. 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +双宾语双宾语4. 4. 主语主语+ + 谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语+ +宾语补足语宾语补足语5. 5. 主语主语+ +系动词系动词+ +表语表语现在学习的是第9页，共39页1. 简单句（只有一个主语和谓语）简单句（只有一个主语和谓语）1 1）I got an e-mail yesterday. I got an e-mail yesterday. 2 2）It was from my foreign friend.It was from

7、 my foreign friend.3 3）He often reads English in the He often reads English in the morning. morning.4 4）Tom and Mike are American boys.Tom and Mike are American boys.5 5）She likes drawing and swimming.She likes drawing and swimming.6 6）My parents gave me some advice.My parents gave me some advice.7

8、7）Mary heard a bird singing in the Mary heard a bird singing in the tree.tree.8 8）I found a little boy standing in front I found a little boy standing in front of my door. of my door.9 9）My car broke down just now.My car broke down just now.1010）A traffic accident happened.A traffic accident happene

9、d.现在学习的是第10页，共39页2. 2. 并列句并列句 ( (简单句简单句+ +并列连词并列连词+ +简单句简单句) ) 并列连词有：并列连词有：and, but, or, so, forand, but, or, so, for1)1) You help him You help him andand he helps you. he helps you.2) The future is bright2) The future is bright but but the road is the road is not flat. not flat. 3) This is our firs

10、t lesson, 3) This is our first lesson, soso I dont I dont know all your names. know all your names.4) Hurry up, 4) Hurry up, oror youll miss the train. youll miss the train.5) We put off the sports meeting, 5) We put off the sports meeting, forfor the the weather is bad. weather is bad.现在学习的是第11页，共3

11、9页3. 复合句（主句复合句（主句+从句）从句） 主语从句、主语从句、宾语从句宾语从句、表语从句、表语从句、 定语从句和定语从句和状语从句状语从句等。等。1 1）I dont know that he is an engineer.I dont know that he is an engineer.2 2）He asked me if/whether I will go for He asked me if/whether I will go for a picnic this weekend. a picnic this weekend.3 3）Could you tell me wher

12、e the bank is.Could you tell me where the bank is.4) The foreign visitors took a lot of 4) The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the pictures when they were at the Great Wall. Great Wall.5) The boy went on to help his mother 5) The boy went on to help his mother after he fini

13、shed his homework. after he finished his homework.现在学习的是第12页，共39页6 6）If I am free, Ill visit the Old If I am free, Ill visit the Old Peoples Peoples Home. Home.7 7）Although he is poor, he often helps Although he is poor, he often helps others. others.8 8）What he says doesnt suit him.What he says doe

14、snt suit him.9 9）I like the music that I can dance to.I like the music that I can dance to.1010）He prefers the musicians who are He prefers the musicians who are energetic. energetic.1111）She likes visiting the places where She likes visiting the places where the weather is warm. the weather is warm

15、.现在学习的是第13页，共39页 宾语从句 （The Object Clause)现在学习的是第14页，共39页1. The boy asks the girl, ”Whats your name”? The girl says, “My name is Han Mei.”2. The girl asked the doctor, ”What is wrong with her ? The doctor said, “You just have a cold.”现在学习的是第15页，共39页1. The boy asks the girl what her name is ?2. The gi

16、rl says that her name is Han Mei.3. The girl asked the doctor what was wrong with her ?4. The doctor told her that she just had a cold.whatthatwhatthather name isher name is Han Meiwas wronghad a cold现在学习的是第16页，共39页宾语从句四要素宾语从句四要素引 导 词 语 序时 态人 称现在学习的是第17页，共39页由that 引导( 陈述句）由特殊疑问词: what, which, who, h

17、owwhose, whom, when, where, why, 引导（特殊疑问句） 由whether, if 引导（一般疑问句/ 选择疑问句）1 . 宾语从句的引导词：现在学习的是第18页，共39页( ) 1.Can you tell me_it is from here to the Summer Palace? Let me see. Its about fifteen minutes ride. A. how long B. How soon C. how far D. how muchC中考链接（考查引导词）现在学习的是第19页，共39页1. I want to know _ its

18、 going to rain tomorrow.2. I hear _ he will be back in an hour. 3. He asked _ could answer the question. 4. Do you know_ they are doing now? 5. He asked me _ I got up this morning .6. Please tell me _ name is Bob. 7. Could you tell me _ you are late again?用恰当的引导词填空 if/whether (that) who whatwhenwhos

19、e why现在学习的是第20页，共39页选择 whether, if 填空1. Im worried about _ I did well in the exam. 2. Ask him _ to go to Anns party tonight. 3. Im not sure _ or not I should follow your advice.4. Im not sure _ I can catch the early bus. I think _ you get up early, you can. 1.在介词后面, 只能用whether. 2.在动词不定式前, 只能用whether

20、. 3.与 or not连用时，只能用whether.4.表示“如果”时只能用if. whether whether whether if / whetherif如果现在学习的是第21页，共39页1. think 的宾语从句否定前移, 疑问词放句首。e.g 1) He hasnt been to Tibet. I think. (合并为一句） I dont think he has been to Tibet . 2) 你认为他去哪里了？ A. Do you think where he has gone? B. Where do you think he has gone? C. Do yo

21、u think where has he gone? D. Where do you think has he gone? 3) 你认为我们班谁最聪明？ A. Who do you think is the cleverest? B. Do you think who is the cleverest? 注意：B. Where do you think he has gone?A. Who do you think is the cleverest?现在学习的是第22页，共39页( )6. Do you know _ the MP4 yesterday. Sorry, Ive no idea

22、about it. A. how much did he pay for B. how much he paid for C. he paid for how much D. he paid how much forB中考链接（考察语序）现在学习的是第23页，共39页1) 你能告诉我怎么去博物馆吗？ Could you tell me how _ _ get to the museum ?2) 他问我来自哪里？ He asked me where _ _ _ .3) 请告诉我你刚才去哪里了。 Please tell me where _ _ just now? I can I came fro

23、m you went“主语+谓语”2 . 宾语从句的语序：现在学习的是第24页，共39页2. 当疑问词作宾语从句的主语时，语序不变：当疑问词作宾语从句的主语时，语序不变：1) Whats wrong? 2) Whats the matter?3) Whats happening? 4) What happened?5) Which is the way to the hospital? eg: 1) 我不知道她怎么了？我不知道她怎么了？ I dont know whats the matter with her. 2) 你知道哪条路是去医院的吗？你知道哪条路是去医院的吗？ Do you kno

24、w which is the way to the hospital?注意：现在学习的是第25页，共39页( )2. Where is Tom? Do you know? I think he_ to the library. A. has gone B. goes C. has been D. went ( ) 3.Tom said he _ back in a week. A. will come B. would come C. come D. has comeAB中考链接（考察时态）现在学习的是第26页，共39页( ) 4. Please tell me _. I have some

25、good news for him. A. where Robert lives B. where does Robert live C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert liveA中考链接（考察综合运用）现在学习的是第27页，共39页.( )7. The new designed car is on show now. I wonder _. A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it costC中考链接（考察综合运用）现

26、在学习的是第28页，共39页 Tom _ (be) to Guilin twice . she _ (come) tomorrow . Jim _ (go) to work an hour ago . he _ (be) interested in English .（1）. 主句（一般现在时），宾语从句（任何时态）I hear (that)3 . 宾语从句的时态:has been will come went is现在学习的是第29页，共39页He said that he will go to Xian soon.He said that he will go to Xian soon.2

27、. Lily told me that she is ill yesterday.2. Lily told me that she is ill yesterday.3. Bob said he is watching TV at that time.3. Bob said he is watching TV at that time.4. Mary told me that she has had supper 4. Mary told me that she has had supper already.already.would was was watchinghad had（2）. 主

28、句（一般过去时）， 宾语从句（相应的过去时态）。现在学习的是第30页，共39页1) He said that the sun _ (be) much bigger than the moon .2) My teacher told me that light _ (travel) faster than the sound. 3) I knew the earth _ (move) around the sun. （3）. 当宾语从句是客观存在的事实或者真理时， 仍是用一般现在时态。 is travels moves现在学习的是第31页，共39页注意：3. 宾语从句转化为简单句1) I rea

29、lly dont know what I should say to him. I really dont know _ _ _ to him.2) I find its difficult to solve the problem. I find _ difficult _ solve the problem.what to sayit to4. 据说，据报道据说，据报道1) Its said that Li Lei _ (fall) off his bike and hurt himself.2) Its reported that it _ (rain) tomorrow.fellis

30、going to rain 现在学习的是第32页，共39页 状语从句 （The adverbial Clause)1) as soon as. 2) unless.3) because 4) so.that.5) as.as 6) in order that.7) though时间状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句目的状语从句现在学习的是第33页，共39页1. 1) While he _ (brush) his teeth, the telephone _ (ring). 2) When you _ (cross) the street, you should

31、 obey the traffic rules. 3) Do you often use disposable chopsticks when _(eat) in restaurants?2. 1) If Bob _ (have) enough time, he _ (visit) Old Peoples Home. 2) If I _ (be) you, I _ (visit) Old Peoples Home. 3) Be careful, or youll cut your finger. _ you are careful, you wont cut your finger. _ yo

32、u _ careful, you will cut your finger.现在学习的是第34页，共39页3. 1) As it was rainy yesterday, we _ (not go) hiking. 2) Why didnt you go hiking yesterday? _ it is rainy.4. 1) The girl is _ scared that she cant say a word. The girl is _ scared _ say a word. 2) Its _ a cute dog that we all like it. =The dog is

33、 _ cute that we all like it.5. 1) The girl is scared so that she cant say a word. 2) We got up early so that we could be on time. 3) We got up early so that we caught the early bus.现在学习的是第35页，共39页6. This room is three times as _ (big) as that one. = This room is twice _ (big) than that one.7. 1) Alt

34、hough she was badly ill, she went on working. = She was badly ill, _ she went on working. 2) Whatever you do, please try your best. = _ _ _ you do, please try your best.现在学习的是第36页，共39页 定语从句 （The attributive Clause)1) 先行词为人 2) 先行词为物3) 人或物的 4) 先行词为时间5) 先行词为地点 6) 先行词为原因who/that/whomwhich/thatwhosewhenw

35、herewhy1. Do you know where we can go for a picnic?2. Do you know a place where we can have a picnic?现在学习的是第37页，共39页1. The man _ spoke at the meeting is my father.2. Thats the girl _ I met at the party yesterday.2. I dont like the story _ he told me yesterday.3. Mr. Green lives in a house _ window is red.4. Its the playground _ we played football yesterday.5. It is the day _ the PRC was founded.6. It is the reason _ I was late.who/thatwho/that/whomwhich/thatwhosewherewhenwhy现在学习的是第38页，共39页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第39页，共39页