句子成分基础句型长难句.ppt

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1、关于句子成分基础句型长难句现在学习的是第1页，共31页弄清楚弄清楚8大句子成分（大句子成分（P.253-255）熟）熟悉悉5种基本句型（种基本句型（P.255）能力提升：能力提升： 准确识别和理解句子的基本构成准确识别和理解句子的基本构成 + 句子成分；句子成分； 掌握五种简单句的基本句型，写好写对句子；掌握五种简单句的基本句型，写好写对句子；1. 句子成分在阅读、语法填空及其写作当中的运用句子成分在阅读、语法填空及其写作当中的运用。1 1现在学习的是第2页，共31页5种基本句型（简单句）：种基本句型（简单句）：1） 主语 + 系动词 + 表语2） 主语 + 不及物动词3） 主语 + 及物动词

2、 + 宾语4） 主语 + 及物动词 + 间宾 + 直宾5） 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾补所有句式都由它们演变而来。现在学习的是第3页，共31页1) What a lovely boy he is! sweet flowers they are! cold weather it is!2) How lovely the boy is! sweet the flowers are! cold the weather is! 有时, 在上下文明确的情况下，可以省略How后面的形容词。 e.g. How (hard) the students work! How (beautifully)

3、she sings!两种感叹句两种感叹句可相互转换可相互转换注意语序注意语序和和 冠词冠词现在学习的是第4页，共31页 能接双宾语的常用动词有：能接双宾语的常用动词有： dodo me a favor, me a favor, leaveleave me some apples, me some apples, make make him a model ship, him a model ship, wishwish you a happy birthday . you a happy birthday . 可改为可改为: : “主语主语 + vt. + sth.( + vt. + sth.

4、(直接宾语直接宾语) + ) + 介词介词 + sb. + sb.” ” ( (常用常用to, for, of)to, for, of) bring, hand, offer, owe, pay, post, promise, read, bring, hand, offer, owe, pay, post, promise, read, return, send, show, teach, tell return, send, show, teach, tell boil, buy, cause, choose, draw, earn, find, boil, buy, cause, cho

5、ose, draw, earn, find, gather, order, play, reach, save, sing gather, order, play, reach, save, sing ask, request, demand ask, request, demand vt. + sb. sth.vt. + sb. sth.+ sth. + to sb. + sth. + to sb. + sth. + for sb. + sth. + for sb. + sth. + of/from sb. + sth. + of/from sb. 现在学习的是第5页，共31页1. The

6、boy comes from America.1. The boy comes from America.2. Studying English is very important.2. Studying English is very important.3. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 3. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. 4. That he won the prize excited everyone.4. That he won the prize excited

7、everyone.5. It is important for us to have our dreams.5. It is important for us to have our dreams.6. It is obvious that he was wrong. 6. It is obvious that he was wrong. 7. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 7. It is no use crying over spilt milk. 名词名词 /代词代词, v-ing, to do, 句子句子(主语从句主语从句)主语是现在学习的是

8、第6页，共31页1. His parents are teachers. 2. The sun rises in the east. 3. He cares for reading books.4. You ought to work harder.5. He doesnt like music. 系动词系动词+ +表语，表语， 不及物动词不及物动词/ /及物动词，及物动词，动词短语动词短语【注意注意】主主谓谓一致。一致。谓语是现在学习的是第7页，共31页1. He has never met her in person.1. He has never met her in person.2.

9、 She handed him a book. 2. She handed him a book. 3. We enjoy listening to music.3. We enjoy listening to music.4. She said that she felt sick.4. She said that she felt sick.5. They sent the injured to hospital.5. They sent the injured to hospital.6. I find it impossible to believe her any longer.6.

10、 I find it impossible to believe her any longer.7. We consider it no good getting up late.7. We consider it no good getting up late.8. They believed it strange that he should have done 8. They believed it strange that he should have done that. that. 名词名词, 宾格代词宾格代词, v-ing, 宾语从句宾语从句, 形式宾语形式宾语 it (指代指代

11、to do, v-ing, 宾语从句宾语从句)宾语是现在学习的是第8页，共31页1. My wallet is on the desk.1. My wallet is on the desk.2. The book isnt mine.2. The book isnt mine.3. The leaves turn yellow in fall.3. The leaves turn yellow in fall.4. He has become a police officer.4. He has become a police officer.5. My suggestion is that

12、 we should start at once. 5. My suggestion is that we should start at once. 6. My suggestion is to leave at once.6. My suggestion is to leave at once.7. His speech was boring.7. His speech was boring.8. The whole class got excited at the good news.8. The whole class got excited at the good news.位于系动

13、词之后位于系动词之后;名词名词, 名词性代词名词性代词, 形容词，表语从句，非形容词，表语从句，非谓语动词。谓语动词。 表语是现在学习的是第9页，共31页 The beautiful sight attracts tourists from all over The beautiful sight attracts tourists from all over the world every year.the world every year.3. The demanding boss wasnt satisfied with my 3. The demanding boss wasnt sa

14、tisfied with my work.work.4. That building being repaired is our library. 4. That building being repaired is our library. 5. He was the only student that was late.5. He was the only student that was late.6. A woman police officer was praised.6. A woman police officer was praised. 定语：用于修饰名词或代词的部分定语：用

15、于修饰名词或代词的部分定语是现在学习的是第10页，共31页1. He stayed at home doing his homework.1. He stayed at home doing his homework.2. Her mother goes out to do some shopping 2. Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday. on Sunday. 3. When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.3. When I grow up, I am going to be a

16、 teacher.4. Feeling tired, he went to bed without supper.4. Feeling tired, he went to bed without supper.5. He lost his job due to his lack of patience.5. He lost his job due to his lack of patience.6. Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust 6. Brought up in the country, he finds it ha

17、rd to adjust himself to city life.himself to city life.表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等方式、程度等状语是现在学习的是第11页，共31页1. They elected John monitor.1. They elected John monitor.2. He treated his mistake as a joke.2. He treated his mistake as a joke.3. We heard her singing a song.3. We heard her singin

18、g a song.4. He told me to make my own decision.4. He told me to make my own decision.5. I think it wrong of him to decline my offer.5. I think it wrong of him to decline my offer.6. He watched an insect caught by a bird. 6. He watched an insect caught by a bird. 7. She looked at her son, speechless.

19、7. She looked at her son, speechless. 主语补足语：补充说明主语的情况主语补足语：补充说明主语的情况 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的情况宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的情况是宾语补足语；是主语补足语现在学习的是第12页，共31页句子成分句子成分+句子分类的运用句子分类的运用-语法填空篇语法填空篇 1. ( 1. (综合综合2 2)the goal of this study was _ )the goal of this study was _ (observe) how people would respond(observe) how people would r

20、espond 2. ( 2. (综合综合4 4) A patent is an official document _ ) A patent is an official document _ (give) to an inventor by a government.(give) to an inventor by a government. 3. ( 3. (深圳实验中学高三第深圳实验中学高三第3 3次月考次月考) The man returned to the ) The man returned to the flower shop, canceled the mail order,

21、picked up a flower shop, canceled the mail order, picked up a bunch of flowers and _(drive) the two hundred bunch of flowers and _(drive) the two hundred miles to his mothers house. miles to his mothers house. 4. ( 4. (广雅高三上开学测试广雅高三上开学测试) Kerstin Bergmann, a co-) Kerstin Bergmann, a co- leader of th

22、e SFC in Beijing, says that _ 2008, leader of the SFC in Beijing, says that _ 2008, the demand for clean organic food in Beijing has the demand for clean organic food in Beijing has been growing and _ more people are been growing and _ more people are interested in what they are putting into their i

23、nterested in what they are putting into their mouths. mouths. drovedrovesincesincethatthatto observeto observegivengiven现在学习的是第13页，共31页句子成分句子成分+句子分类的运用：写作篇句子分类的运用：写作篇 自我介绍：自我介绍： 1. 我是我是新会一中的一名高三新会一中的一名高三学生学生，新会一中广东，新会一中广东 省有名的学校。省有名的学校。 2. 我学习我学习非常非常努力努力，为了将来能实现我的梦想。，为了将来能实现我的梦想。 3. 毕业于华南师范大学毕业于华南师范

24、大学(South China Normal UniversitySouth China Normal University) 的年轻老师的年轻老师MendyMendy教我们英语教我们英语，我们都非常喜欢她。，我们都非常喜欢她。 4. 我我非常的非常的喜欢英语喜欢英语以至于我每天早上比其他同学早起以至于我每天早上比其他同学早起 5分钟来读英语单词和文章。分钟来读英语单词和文章。 5. 我觉得学习英语很有趣我觉得学习英语很有趣，通过英语学习，我可以更好，通过英语学习，我可以更好 的了解外国的文化。的了解外国的文化。1.1.我是个学生。我是个学生。2.2.我学习很努力。我学习很努力。3.3.我喜欢英

25、语。我喜欢英语。4.4.MendyMendy教我们英语。教我们英语。5.5.我觉得学习英语很有趣。我觉得学习英语很有趣。现在学习的是第14页，共31页 1. 我是我是新会一中的一名高三新会一中的一名高三学生学生，新会一中是广东，新会一中是广东 省有名的学校。省有名的学校。 2. 我学习我学习非常非常努力努力，为了将来能实现我的梦想。，为了将来能实现我的梦想。 3. 毕业于华南师范大学毕业于华南师范大学(South China Normal UniversitySouth China Normal University) 的年轻老师的年轻老师MendyMendy教我们英语教我们英语，我们都非常喜

26、欢她。，我们都非常喜欢她。 4. 我我非常的非常的喜欢英语喜欢英语以至于我每天早上比其他同学早起以至于我每天早上比其他同学早起 5分钟来读英语单词和文章。分钟来读英语单词和文章。 5. 我觉得学习英语很有趣我觉得学习英语很有趣，通过英语学习，我可以更好，通过英语学习，我可以更好 的了解外国的文化。的了解外国的文化。 I am a I am a Senior 3 Senior 3 studentstudent studying studying in Xinhui No.1 in Xinhui No.1 Middle School, Middle School, which which is a

27、 well-known school in is a well-known school in Guangdong province. Guangdong province. I study I study very very hardhard with the purpose of achieving my with the purpose of achieving my dream in the future.dream in the future. Mindy Mindy, a young teacher graduating from South China , a young tea

28、cher graduating from South China Normal University, Normal University, teaches us English, teaches us English, whowho / /whomwhom we are fond of very much we are fond of very much. . I like English I like English so so muchmuch that that every day I get upevery day I get up 5 5 minutes earlier than

29、others minutes earlier than others to read English words or to read English words or passages. passages. I think it interesting to learn English, I think it interesting to learn English, through whichthrough which I can know the foreign culture better. I can know the foreign culture better.现在学习的是第15

30、页，共31页 句子主要成分：句子主要成分： 次要成分：次要成分： 主语+谓语+宾语 （简单句）简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 =并列句 （P.256-257） 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句 =主从复合句 （P.257） 2 2（主（主 句）句）（ 从从 句句 ）Admire the beauty of the EnglishAdmire the beauty of the English现在学习的是第16页，共31页1. Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to finish it.1. Give me one more minute _ Ill

31、be able to finish it.2. _ joyful he was to meet his brother again!2. _ joyful he was to meet his brother again!3. Let us pass, _ you? 3. Let us pass, _ you? 4. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn off the 4. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn off the lights when you lef

32、t the room last night.lights when you left the room last night.5. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love 5. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, _ others enjoy swimming.climbing, _ others enjoy swimming.6. - Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have

33、 dinner 6. - Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home?at home? - Id like to go out. - Id like to go out.7. Mary went to bed early, _ she felt very tired.7. Mary went to bed early, _ she felt very tired.8. Mother _ 8. Mother _ （make)a dress when she cut her finger.make)a dres

34、s when she cut her finger.9. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room.9. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room.10.She set out soon after dark _arrived home an hour later.10.She set out soon after dark _arrived home an hour later.and；How ；will；but； while610 or；for; was maki

35、ng; Turn; and现在学习的是第17页，共31页句子成分句子成分+句子分类的运用句子分类的运用-改错篇改错篇 1. (测验1) Everyone was present was active in introducing them one by one. 2. (晚练1) However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly. 3. (测验2) I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor When I finally arrived at my frien

36、d s he lent to me lots of clothes. helplesshelplessandand现在学习的是第18页，共31页 Summary1.句子的主干成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语；句子的主干成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语； 其他成分包括：表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。其他成分包括：表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。2. 根据谓语动词的类型可以把句子分为根据谓语动词的类型可以把句子分为5种常见的基本句型：种常见的基本句型：1）主语）主语+系动词系动词+表语表语2）主语）主语+不及物动词不及物动词3）主语）主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语4）主语）主语+及物动词及物动词+间宾间宾

37、+直宾直宾5）主语）主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾补宾补现在学习的是第19页，共31页现在学习的是第20页，共31页三维设计“突破-语法与写作” 1 1 句子成分句子成分 2 2 简单句、并列句、复合句简单句、并列句、复合句 23 23 阅读长难句分析阅读长难句分析 现在学习的是第21页，共31页 分析长难句是准确理解长难句的前提，是高考高分的分析长难句是准确理解长难句的前提，是高考高分的保证。保证。 如何分析长难句？如何分析长难句？ 首先找出句子的主干部分首先找出句子的主干部分(主谓宾，或主系表主谓宾，或主系表)，然后再理，然后再理解句子的修饰、补充成分。解句子的修饰、补充成分。三维P

38、.325-330七大招：跳 连 回 并 还 放 联 现在学习的是第22页，共31页（高三第一次测验）（高三第一次测验）现在学习的是第23页，共31页(16(16全国丙卷语法填空全国丙卷语法填空) Some people think that the ) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the de

39、velopment of 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.chopsticks.(2016(2016全国甲卷阅读全国甲卷阅读D D篇篇) Shackleton, a onetime ) Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, st

40、arted a 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.movie and still photography.(2016(2016全国甲卷完形填空全国甲卷完形填空) The woman sitting at the desk, ) The woman sitting at the d

41、esk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up.seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up.主谓被隔开主谓被隔开现在学习的是第24页，共31页(2016(2016全国乙卷语法填空全国乙卷语法填空) But my connection with ) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980

42、s, when I was the first Western TV reporter mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016(2016全国甲卷阅读全国甲卷阅读C C篇篇) T

43、hen the person leaves it in ) Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.who finds it.从句中有多

44、个非谓语动词从句中有多个非谓语动词 非谓语动词短语中含从句非谓语动词短语中含从句现在学习的是第25页，共31页(2016(2016全国丙卷完形填空全国丙卷完形填空) We went 10-1 and I was ) We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, but I often had crazy named most valuable player, but I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers accident.dreams in which I

45、 was to blame for Millers accident.(2016(2016全国乙卷阅读理解全国乙卷阅读理解C C篇篇) For this courier job, ) For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys something that is potentially

46、going to save somebodys life.life.(2016(2016全国乙卷阅读理解全国乙卷阅读理解D D篇篇) Therefore, when a person ) Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(what may be implied(暗示暗示) the person wants

47、the listener ) the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.to consider what has been said before continuing.并列句中又含从句并列句中又含从句从句套从句从句套从句多个从句且从句套从句多个从句且从句套从句现在学习的是第26页，共31页Try your hand at the following1.(171.(17年全国年全国1 1卷阅读卷阅读A A篇篇) Its an amazing ) Its an amazing ac

48、complishment and one we cannot achieve without accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.other social organizations.2.(172.(17年全国年全国1 1卷阅读卷阅读D D篇篇) Then lay the

49、 tube in place so ) Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole.the line runs up and out the side of the hole.3.(173.(17年全国年全国1 1卷七选五卷七选五) If anyone had

50、 told me three ) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.现在学习的是第27页，共31页Try your hand at the following4.(174.(17年全国年全国1 1卷七选