《一般过去时的被动语态讲稿.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《一般过去时的被动语态讲稿.ppt(22页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、关于一般过去时的被动语态第一页,讲稿共二十二页哦I. GrammarLanguage focus P147 Language focus P147 一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态 概念:概念:被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。在被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。在以下三种情况下,常用被动语态。以下三种情况下,常用被动语态。 1) 强调动作的承受者,而不强调施动者。强调动作的承受者,而不强调施动者。 2) 不必提及施动者。不必提及施动者。 3) 不知道施动者。不知道施动者。第二页,讲稿共二十二页哦eg.eg. 1) Was the song 1) Was the song composed
2、 by a soldiercomposed by a soldier? ? 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗? ?2) 2) Such books Such books were writtenwere written for children. for children. 以前这种书是儿童读物。以前这种书是儿童读物。3) 3) We We were shownwere shown the machines they had the machines they had turned out.turned out. 他们让我们参观了他们生产的机器。他们让我们参观了他们生产的机
3、器。第三页,讲稿共二十二页哦Language focus P151Language focus P151 构词法构词法 (详见(详见P151P151)第四页,讲稿共二十二页哦Language focus P153 Language focus P153 对主语和宾语提问的疑问词对主语和宾语提问的疑问词 1 1) 疑问代词疑问代词 who who 在疑问词中充当主语,对主语提问不在疑问词中充当主语,对主语提问不用助动词。用助动词。 形式形式:who + who + 谓语动词谓语动词 + + 其它成分其它成分? ? 2 2) 疑问代词疑问代词 what / whomwhat / whom在疑问词中
4、充当宾语,对宾在疑问词中充当宾语,对宾语提问要用助动词。语提问要用助动词。 形式形式:what + what + 助动词助动词 + + 动词原形动词原形 + + 其它成分其它成分? ?第五页,讲稿共二十二页哦eg.1) Who left? 谁离开了谁离开了?2) Who gave you that book? 谁给你的那本书?谁给你的那本书? 3) What are you having for dinner? 你晚饭吃什么你晚饭吃什么? 4) What did she say? 她说什么了她说什么了? 5) Whom did you meet in the street yesterday?
5、 昨天你在街上遇见了谁昨天你在街上遇见了谁?第六页,讲稿共二十二页哦Language focus P156Language focus P156动名词动名词 概念:概念: 1 1)动名词具有名词的功能,可以起相当于名词的作)动名词具有名词的功能,可以起相当于名词的作用。用。 2 2)它与其它动词非谓语形式一样,也具有动词的某)它与其它动词非谓语形式一样,也具有动词的某些特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语,并可同它的宾语、些特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语,并可同它的宾语、状语等一起构成动名词短语。状语等一起构成动名词短语。 形式:形式: 动词原形动词原形 inging第七页,讲稿共二十二页哦动名词的句法
6、作用动名词的句法作用 1. 1. 作主语作主语 A) A) 动名词作主语也可以用先行词动名词作主语也可以用先行词it it作形式主语,而把动名作形式主语,而把动名词短语置于后部。这种用法通常见于:词短语置于后部。这种用法通常见于:Its no use (useless, Its no use (useless, no good, nice, funno good, nice, fun等等) + -) + -inging,或或There is no use + - ingThere is no use + - ing。 B) B) 动名词和不定式作主语在意义上有一定的差别动名词和不定式作主语在意
7、义上有一定的差别: : 通常动名通常动名词泛指一般动作,而不定式表示具体动作。词泛指一般动作,而不定式表示具体动作。第八页,讲稿共二十二页哦 eg.eg. 1) 1) Traveling by train is more comfortable than is more comfortable than by bus. by bus. 与汽车相比,乘火车更舒适。与汽车相比,乘火车更舒适。2) 2) It is no use It is no use talking so much about this. . 这种事多说也无济于事。这种事多说也无济于事。第九页,讲稿共二十二页哦动名词和不定式的区
8、别动名词和不定式的区别1) 1) Selling old houses is difficult. is difficult. 卖老房子是困难的。卖老房子是困难的。( (泛指一般动作泛指一般动作) ) 2) 2) To sell my old house is difficult. is difficult. 把我的老房子卖出去是很难的。把我的老房子卖出去是很难的。( (谈论一个特谈论一个特定的动作定的动作) )第十页,讲稿共二十二页哦 2. 2. 作宾语和介词的宾语作宾语和介词的宾语 ( (有些动词后面只能接动名词作有些动词后面只能接动名词作宾语,不能接动词不定式。例如:宾语,不能接动词不定
9、式。例如: suggest, avoid, enjoy, admit ,mind, consider )suggest, avoid, enjoy, admit ,mind, consider ) eg. eg. 1) The boys avoided 1) The boys avoided fighting. . 男孩子们避免了斗殴。男孩子们避免了斗殴。2) 2) He suggested He suggested going out for a walk. . 他建议出去走走。他建议出去走走。 3) 3) She is She is good at telling lies. . 她很会撒
10、谎。她很会撒谎。 4) 4) Before driving any of the buses, they will have to , they will have to pass a special test.pass a special test. 在驾驶公共汽车前在驾驶公共汽车前, , 他们必须通过专门测验。他们必须通过专门测验。第十一页,讲稿共二十二页哦连词连词 If If 引导的真实条件引导的真实条件, 概念:概念: 1) 1) 条件状语表示条件状语表示“ “如果如果,那么,那么”, 这种条件这种条件是可以实现的。是可以实现的。 2) 2) if if 引导的从句位于主句之前时,要用
11、逗号。在主句之引导的从句位于主句之前时,要用逗号。在主句之后则不用逗号。后则不用逗号。 3) 3) 如果条件状语是将来时如果条件状语是将来时, , 只能用一般现在时表示。只能用一般现在时表示。 形式:形式: 从句:从句:If If 主语主语 + + 谓语(一般现在时),谓语(一般现在时), 主句:主句:主语主语 + + will/wontwill/wont(情态动词)情态动词)+ + 动词动词 原形原形第十二页,讲稿共二十二页哦 eg.eg.1) You may stay here 1) You may stay here if you keep quiet. . 如果你保持安静你可以待在这儿
12、。如果你保持安静你可以待在这儿。2)2)If I have time, Ill go to the meeting together with you., Ill go to the meeting together with you. 如果我有空,我将和你一起去开会。如果我有空,我将和你一起去开会。3) 3) If that is true, what should we do?, what should we do? 假设那是真的我们该怎么办呢假设那是真的我们该怎么办呢? ?4) 4) She will play the piano She will play the piano only
13、 if she is paid. . 只有付给她报酬,她才愿意演奏钢琴只有付给她报酬,她才愿意演奏钢琴第十三页,讲稿共二十二页哦II. Vocabulary Activity 1 Activity 1 in honor of in honor of = in ones honor = in ones honor 为了(纪念或表示敬意而为了(纪念或表示敬意而举行某活动)举行某活动) eg. eg. I have cooked a special meal in honor of our visitors. I have cooked a special meal in honor of our
14、visitors.我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来客表示敬意。我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来客表示敬意。 2)2) A memorial meeting was held in his honor.A memorial meeting was held in his honor. 举办了纪念会以悼念他。举办了纪念会以悼念他。第十四页,讲稿共二十二页哦worthworth prop./a. 1) prop./a. 1) 价值价值的,顶得上的,顶得上 eg.eg. 1) 1) ThisThis is a car is a car worth $20,000. . 价值价值2 2万美元的一辆小汽车。万美元
15、的一辆小汽车。2) 2) HowHow much is this toy much is this toy worth? That toy is ? That toy is worth little. . 这玩具值多少钱?这个玩具不值钱。这玩具值多少钱?这个玩具不值钱。3) 3) A birdA bird in the hand is in the hand is worth two in the bush. . 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。第十五页,讲稿共二十二页哦compete forcompete for v. v. to strive with another or o
16、thers to attain a to strive with another or others to attain a goal (goal (和和)争夺;力争获取争夺;力争获取 eg.eg. 1) 1) He was clever enough to He was clever enough to compete for the the mathematics scholarship.mathematics scholarship. 他很聪明,完全能获得数学奖学金。他很聪明,完全能获得数学奖学金。2) 2) These young men These young men compete
17、 for the silver medal. the silver medal. 这些年轻人争夺银牌。这些年轻人争夺银牌。第十六页,讲稿共二十二页哦namename v. to give a name to: v. to give a name to: 给给以名字:以名字: eg.eg.1) 1) We named the child after both grandparents.We named the child after both grandparents. 我们以孩子祖父母的名字给他取名。我们以孩子祖父母的名字给他取名。2) 2) The boy The boy was named
18、 George after his uncle.his uncle. 那孩子随他舅父的名子取名乔治。那孩子随他舅父的名子取名乔治。第十七页,讲稿共二十二页哦representrepresent v. to stand for; symbolize: v. to stand for; symbolize: 代表代表;象征:代表代表;象征: eg. eg. 1) The bald eagle 1) The bald eagle represents the United States. the United States. 秃鹰象征了美国。秃鹰象征了美国。 2) 2) These stones T
19、hese stones represent armies. armies. 那些石头代表部队。那些石头代表部队。第十八页,讲稿共二十二页哦stage stage v.to arrange and carry out: v.to arrange and carry out: 发起;举行,上发起;举行,上演演 eg. eg. 1) 1) Next year shanghai Next year shanghai will stage a boxing match. . 明年上海将进行一台拳击比赛。明年上海将进行一台拳击比赛。2)2)Our school Our school stages a pl
20、ay every year. every year. 我们学校每年上演一台戏我们学校每年上演一台戏第十九页,讲稿共二十二页哦Activity 12Activity 12bid (for)bid (for) v./n. v./n. offer or propose (an amount) as a price. offer or propose (an amount) as a price. 出出 价价,投标,投标 eg.eg.1) 1) He bid $5 for an old book.He bid $5 for an old book. 他为一本旧书出价他为一本旧书出价5 5美元。美元。2
21、) 2) Park wants to sell his farm, and he has already had Park wants to sell his farm, and he has already had two large bids for it. . 帕克想卖掉他的农场,并且已经有两个出大价的买帕克想卖掉他的农场,并且已经有两个出大价的买主。主。第二十页,讲稿共二十二页哦in advancein advance ahead of time; beforehand. ahead of time; beforehand. 提前;预提前;预先先 eg.eg.1) 1) They used to pay the rent in advance.They used to pay the rent in advance. 他们老是预付房钱的。他们老是预付房钱的。2) 2) I received one months salary in advance.I received one months salary in advance. 我得预支一个月得薪水。我得预支一个月得薪水。第二十一页,讲稿共二十二页哦感谢大家观看第二十二页,讲稿共二十二页哦
限制150内