1204053-4名词性从句——主语从句.ppt

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1、Unit 4GrammarRevision Translate the following sentences.1. 你迟早会成功的。你迟早会成功的。 Youll succeed in time.2. 我的车与你的不一样。我的车与你的不一样。 My car is different from yours.3. 站在门旁边的那个人是谁？站在门旁边的那个人是谁？ Who is the person standing by the door? 4. 他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。 Hes always the first to come and the last to

2、leave. 5. 既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。 Now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.DISCOVERING USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSAnswer key for exercise 1:-enceun-presentcertainviolentfairconfidentpaiddifferentlikepatientkindpresenceviolenceconfidencedifferencepatienceuncertainunfairunpaidun

3、likeunkind-al-istcultureartglobephysicsuniversechemistryagriculturebiologymathematicsscienceculturalglobaluniversalagriculturalmathematicalartistphysicistchemistbiologistscientistC A C BC A C BAnswer key for exercise 2:Answer key for exercise 3: fundamental, astronomy, gave birth to, existed, As a r

4、esult, atoms, prevent from, puzzleemotional words calm wordsAnswer key for exercise 4:violent angry rude shocked excited crazypatient gentle relaxing kind easy-going calm1. Smoking is _ to your health. Thats to say, it does _ to your health. (harm)2. As we know, _ do experiments _. (science)3. With

5、the _ of the society, children _ better in their childhood. (develop)4. We are proud of your _ progress. Youll make more _. (gradual)harmfulharmscientistsscientificallydevelopmentdevelopgradualgradually 主语从句1. That he knows Japanese is known to all. 他懂英语他懂英语,这一点大家都知道这一点大家都知道令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.

6、3. When he will come is unknown .4. Whether he will come doesnt matter much. 他来不来没什么要他来不来没什么要紧的紧的.他什么时候来不清楚他什么时候来不清楚.他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain. 主语太长了主语太长了!放到句尾放到句尾2. What surprised me was to see him here .为了避免主语冗长免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常用经常用i

7、t作形作形式主语式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例:1. That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.2. That the earth is round is known to all.- 3. That you missed the chance is a pity.- Its known to all that the earth is round.It is a pity that you missed the chance.v由连词由连词 whether

8、和和 if, 连接代词连接代词 what, who, which和连接副词和连接副词 when, where, why, how 等引导的主语从句等引导的主语从句.也常常后置也常常后置: vIt doesnt matter if/whether he is a foreigner.vIt is a question whether he is willing to come.vIt is unknown how she has reduced her weight in such a short time. It 作主语的常用句型有:1. It + be +形容词 + that 从句2. It

9、 + be +名称词组(duty/pity.) + that 从句3. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought.) + that 从句4. It +不及物动词(seem/happen.) + that 从句 It is a pity that we cant go swimming.It is said that he told her everything.It happened that I was out that day.It is certain that he will do well in the exam.1. 真真可惜我们不能去游泳可惜我们不能去游泳.2. 碰

10、巧那天我外出了碰巧那天我外出了.3. 他考试肯定会考好他考试肯定会考好.4. 据说他已告诉了她一切据说他已告诉了她一切.happen只有只有 it 句型句型It is said只有只有 it 句型句型 用形式主语用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构的主语从句常见结构1. It is clear (necessary, important, possible,remarkable that 很清楚（必要很清楚（必要, 重要重要,可能可能, 值得注意等值得注意等)2. It is a fact (a good thing, good news) that 事实是事实是 ( 好事是好事是,好消息是好

11、消息是)3. It is well-known (reported, recorded, estimated, said, believed) that众所周知众所周知(据报道据报道,据记载据记载,据据说说,据估计据估计)4. It turns out (seems, happens, appears) that 结果是结果是 (似似乎是乎是, 碰巧是碰巧是, 好象是好象是) 5. It has been found (has been proved, can be seen, must be pointed out) that 已发现已发现(已已证明证明,可以可以看出看出,需指出需指出)用用

12、 it 句型翻译句型翻译:1. 据说今年高一学生要学新教材据说今年高一学生要学新教材.2. 事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.3. 碰巧他们已经参加过军训了碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.4. 众所周知众所周知, 比尔比尔 盖茨是世界上最富有的人盖茨是世界上最富有的人.5. 我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.It is said that the Senior Grade one students will learn a new text this year.It is a fact that they finished all th

13、e work by themselves.It happened that they had had their military training.It is well-known that Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.It is important that we (should) form a good habit of studying.Note: It is important / necessary / natural / our duty / essential / strange that sb (should)

14、do sth. 固定句型固定句型, should可以省略可以省略真真奇怪他今天竟然迟到了奇怪他今天竟然迟到了.It is strange that he should be late today.strange不省略不省略should为好为好v注意：主语从句中注意：主语从句中 ，谓语动词一般用单数，谓语动词一般用单数1. That monkeys make faces (make) children happy.2. When and where we will hold the meeting (be) not decided.vWhat引导的主语从句，可根据表语引导的主语从句，可根据表语

15、/ 所表达所表达的意义决定的意义决定vWhat he needs (be) that book.vWhat he needs (be) some books.vWhat he says and does concern me.vWhat he says and does agree.名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 1.that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。的主语、宾语、

16、或表语。而而that在名词性从句中不充当任何在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。成分，只起连接作用。that / what1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8

17、. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat请你归纳请你归纳1 疑问代词疑问代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever等等, 在句中作在句中作_ 成分成分2 疑问副词疑问副词 when where why how在句中在句中作作_成分，成分，主语主语,宾语宾语,表语表语状语状语 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyb

18、ody present.3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever填空填空 6. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.7

19、.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. 8. The Foreign Minister said, “_ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. ItthatItwhat I read a report last night. It says _ a lot of

20、 people died in a traffic accident. But I forget_ the accident happened last Sunday. _ astonished me most is _ some babies lost their lives. However, I dont know _ the government has taken some measures to deal with it.In my opinion, the accident has taught us a lesson _ we should obey the traffic r

21、ules.thatwhereWhatthatwhether/ifthatFinish the passage 2011高考题高考题1.（北京）（北京）_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.2.（北京）（北京）The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face.3.(上海上海) There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bod

22、ily pain. 4.(上海上海) The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.5. (山东山东) I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything.Whatwhatthatwhatwhy6.（山东）（山东）Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell acc

23、ept it.7.（江西）（江西）The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.8.（江苏）（江苏）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.9.（安徽）（安徽）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. 10.（四川）（四川）Our teachers always tell us

24、to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.whetherwhatthatwhatwhat11.（辽宁）（辽宁）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first.12.（辽宁）（辽宁）When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.13.（天津）（天津）Modern science has given clear evide

25、nce _ smoking can lead to many diseases.14.（陕西）（陕西）Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if I had the money. howthatthatwhat15.（重庆）（重庆）It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.16.（重庆）（重庆）It is not always easy for the public to see _ us

26、e a new invention can be of to human life.17. (湖南湖南) Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. whetherwhatwhat名名 词词 性性 从从 句句11. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (北京北京)12. _ was most impo

27、rtant to her, she told me, was her family. (山东山东)13. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. (浙浙江江)whatwhat WhatWhat whatwhat 14. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held? (陕西陕西)15. The news _ o

28、ur athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. (上海上海)16. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. (天天津津)17. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江浙江)wherewhere thatthat whenwhen WhoeverWhoever 18. Having checked the doors were

29、closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (湖南湖南)19. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. (天津天津)20. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. (浙江浙江) thatthat howhow wherewhere 主语从句主

30、语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。他星期三来这里是肯定的。他星期三来这里是肯定的。 That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词都要加上从属连词thatthat他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.注意：主语从句表示注意：主语从句表示“是否是否” ” 只用只用“whether” wh

31、ether” 而不用而不用“if”if”主语从句主语从句主语从句有时用主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。It is known to us that he will come here.用用it形式主语的形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：从句有以下四种不同的搭配：It + be + 形容词形容词 that从句从句It is necessary that 有必要有必要It is important that . 重要的是重要的是It is obvious that 很明显很明显It + be + 名

32、词名词 that从句从句It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是事实是It + 不及物动词不及物动词 that从句从句It appears that 似乎似乎It happens that . 碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起It + be + -ed分词分词 that从句从句It is believed that 人们相信人们相信It is known to us/all that . 众所周知众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定已经决定