M3U3宾补.ppt

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1、 Unit 3 Grammar and usage Object complement Either. or and neither nor Subject-verb agreement- Did you find anything special when you went to the classroom?- No, I didnt. - You found the door open, didnt you?- Oh, yes. But I found nobody in the classroom. Object complement 宾语补足语宾语补足语 The object comp

2、lement gives more information about the object.宾语补足语宾语补足语对宾语做出进一步的补充或说明。对宾语做出进一步的补充或说明。 They called her the Loulan Beauty. （her 是宾语，是宾语， the Loulan Beauty 作宾语作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。）补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。）宾语补足语常用于以下结构：宾语补足语常用于以下结构：动词动词. +宾语宾语 + 宾语补足语。宾语补足语。宾语补足语可以常常用宾语补足语可以常常用名词词组名词词组或或形容词形容词充当。充当。e.g. We conside

3、r her performance a big success. The inspector shot the drug-dealer dead. Skimming to get general ideas1. 名词或名词词组：名词或名词词组： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny.可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：注注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有： call, name, elect, make, think, appoint, choose, find

4、, consider, keep, wish, feel， leave等。Skimming to get general ideas1. 名词：名词：可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：注注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：They made / elected John chairman of thecommittee.Skimming to get general ideas2. 形容词：形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. Wed better leave the door open.可以

5、充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：注注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有： believe, think, get, keep, make, find, set, like, wish, see, consider, prove, have, leave, 以及paint, drive, turn, cut 等。Skimming to get general ideas3. 副词和介词短语副词和介词短语 When do you want it back? Why didnt you invite them in? We could see the children in the garden.可以充

6、当宾语补足语的词和词组有：4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过动词不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过 程或即将发生的主动动作，常分为两种：程或即将发生的主动动作，常分为两种：1) 带带to的不定式，常见的跟带的不定式，常见的跟带to的不定式作的不定式作 宾补的动词宾补的动词有有: advise， cause， allow， ask， invite， teach， tell， want， like， order.2) 不带不带to的不定式，常见的跟不带的不定式，常见的跟不带to的不定式的不定式 作宾补的动词包括：作宾补的动词包括： 感官动词感官动词 see/hear/watch/notice

7、/feel 使役动词使役动词let/make/ have等等（注：在被动语态中，动词不定式前要加上注：在被动语态中，动词不定式前要加上to）5. V-ing形式作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在形式作宾语补足语表示的是一个正在进行的主动动作。常见的可以接进行的主动动作。常见的可以接V-ing形式作形式作宾语补足语的动词有两类：宾语补足语的动词有两类：1) 感官动词感官动词，如：，如：see, hear, watch, find, feel, smell, observe, notice, look at, listen to . 2) 部分使役动词部分使役动词，如：，如：have, keep, ge

8、t, leave .6. V-ed形式作宾语补足语表示一个已经完成形式作宾语补足语表示一个已经完成 或被动的动作。能接或被动的动作。能接V-ed形式作宾语补足形式作宾语补足 语的动词也分为两类：感官动词和部分使语的动词也分为两类：感官动词和部分使 役动词。役动词。1) 感官动词感官动词，如：，如：see, hear, watch, find, feel, smell, observe, notice, look at, listen to . 2) 部分使役动词部分使役动词，如：，如：have, keep, get, leave .用所给动词的恰当形式填空用所给动词的恰当形式填空:1. Its

9、 difficult to get a car _ (go) on a cold morning.2. His failing the exam got his parents _ (worry).3. I have had my bike _ (repair), and Im going to have my brother _ (repair) my radio tomorrow.to goworriedrepairedrepair4. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth.5. Homework is left _

10、 (undo) and daily games lost.6. She was found _ (lie) at the corner, dead.7. He raised his voice to make himself _ (hear).runningundonelyingheard8. He shouldnt be made _ (learn). He always works hard.9. A: I often hear this song _ (sing), but I have never heard him _ (sing) it. B: Listen! I can hear

11、 him _ (sing) it now.10. When I came in, I found many parents _ (seat). to learnsungsingsingingseated11. I cant sleep well with the noise _ (go) on.12. With a lot of problems _ (settle), he will have a hard time.13. With a lot of problems _ (settle), he now feels relaxed.14. With his fans _ (surroun

12、d) him, he felt excited.surrounding goingto settlesettled 7.宾语补足语与宾语通常有逻辑主谓宾语补足语与宾语通常有逻辑主谓关系，与作宾语的名词或代词应在数关系，与作宾语的名词或代词应在数的概念上保持一致。的概念上保持一致。She made Joe her assistant.She made Joe and Sue her assistants. Practice从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。填入空白处的最佳选项。1. The teacher asked us _ so much noi

13、se. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make2. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. fill3. We are trying our best to attract visitors and keep them _. A. interestedB. interesting

14、 C. interest D. to interest4. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call5. Ill go to Beijing next week. Do you have anything _ to your father? A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. being taken Complete the second half of Anns d

15、iary entry on page 48.Answers:1. _ 2. _3. _ 4. _5. _ 6. _ 7. _to be a great scholara famous expertvery kind and patientreally hotcrazyin the hotelrecover- I have got one ticket for Liu Xiangs 110m hurdle race to be held in Nanjing. _ you _ your desk-mate can have it. - Is it on Saturday or on Sunday

16、?- It is on next Monday.- Oh, what a pity. I am afraid _ I _ my desk-mate can enjoy it. Eitherneither Either or and neither norornor(1) Either or要么要么要么要么 can be used as one of the elements to express the idea of alternatives.e.g. Either Ann or Jane gave me the vase as a birthday gift.可以充当句子的一个成分，表示在

17、两者中可以充当句子的一个成分，表示在两者中进行选择。进行选择。主语主语 People either tried to flee or stay in their houses.We could choose to employ either John or Martin.You can write the speech either in English or in Chinese.谓语谓语宾语宾语状语状语(2) Neither nor 既不既不也不也不 也可以充当句子成分，是对所连接也可以充当句子成分，是对所连接的两者均表示否定。其反义词组为：的两者均表示否定。其反义词组为：bothande

18、.g. Neithe A nor B is proper in this question, which means A is not proper, and B is not proper either.- Whose fault is it? (not yours/not mine) - It is neither your fault nor mine. Its your friend Jacks fault.Read the conversation between two of the tour guides on page 49. Use either or and neither

19、 nor to rewrite the parts in yellow.Answers:2. _ _3. _ _4. _ _One complained that the room was neither clean nor very comfortable.Did you notice that neither Marco norPeter came to the talk?We can go to either the East MountainRestaurant or the West Lake restaurant.在在英语英语句子里句子里,谓语受主语支配谓语受主语支配,其动其动词必

20、须和主语在人称和数上保持一致词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。这就叫主谓一致。 Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致主谓一致1. The peoples republic of China _ (be) founded in 1949. 2. The food they offered on the plane _ (be) delicious.waswasFill in the blanks with the right verb forms:1.若主语是单数名词或不可数若主语是单数名词或不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。名词，谓语用单数形式。3. Two hou

21、rs _ (be) not enough for so much homework.4. Twenty thousand dollars _ (be) a large amount of money to me.isis2.主语是表示度量的词组、标题或名字主语是表示度量的词组、标题或名字,谓语用单数形式谓语用单数形式.5. Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favourite pastimes.6. That it keeps raining cats and dogs _ (worry) the tourists. worriesis3.主语是词组或从句

22、主语是词组或从句,谓语用单数形式谓语用单数形式.7. My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV.8. _ (have) your classmates finished their homework?wantHave4.主语是复数名词或主语是由主语是复数名词或主语是由and连接的两个连接的两个或两个以上的词或词组或两个以上的词或词组,谓语用复数形式谓语用复数形式.9. All of us _ ( attend) the lecture about Pompeii.10. Most of the lecture _ (b

23、e) about how the ancient city was discovered.11. I spent only 30 yuan buying books and the rest of money _ (be) spent on my food.have attendedwaswas5.当主语是当主语是all of/ most of/ some of /half of/ a part of +noun/ pronoun，谓语动词，谓语动词的单、复数形式与的单、复数形式与of后的名词或代词保持后的名词或代词保持一致。）一致。）13. His family _ (be ) to mov

24、e to the countryside next month.14. His family _ all (be) fond of popular music.15. Our school _ (be) a key school in Jiangsu Province.16. Our school _ doing (do) morning exercises now on the playground.isareisare6.当主语是集合名词当主语是集合名词class, crowd, family, team等时，若表示组织或单位的概念，谓等时，若表示组织或单位的概念，谓语动词用单数；若表示语

25、动词用单数；若表示组织或单位的一些组织或单位的一些个体概念，谓语动词用复数形式。个体概念，谓语动词用复数形式。17. The remains of the old castle _ (be) destroyed in World War .18. The news _ (be) too good to be true.were7.当主语是当主语是 news, physics and mathematics ，aids等一类词时，等一类词时，谓语用谓语用单数形式单数形式; 当主语是当主语是clothes, congratulations ，remains等一类词时，谓语用复数形式等一类词时，谓语

26、用复数形式.is19. Either the team leader or the guides _ (be) looking after the students.20. Neither noodles nor rice _ (be) delicious today.21. Either you or the headmaster _ (be) to hand out prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.areiswas22. Not only you but also I _ (be) puzzled at her worried

27、look.8.当用当用neithernor/ eitheror/ not onlybut also /not but 连接句子主连接句子主语时，谓语动词的单、复数与其最邻近的主语时，谓语动词的单、复数与其最邻近的主语的单、复数形式保持一致。语的单、复数形式保持一致。am23. An expert with some assistants _ (be) sent to work in Gansu Province.24. No one except two teachers _ (know) the secret.25. Xiao Ming as well as his parents _ (b

28、e) interested in music.wasknowsis9.当主语后跟有当主语后跟有with/ together with/as well as，谓语动词跟主语保持一致，谓语动词跟主语保持一致.Look at one more of Anns diary entries on page 51. Circle the correct words.Answers:1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _9. _ 10. _waswaswerewerewaswaswaswerewasntisRead the letter on page 51. Put

29、the verbs into their correct forms.Answers:1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _isishavehavearehaveexploremattershaveare1. Each of you _ responsible for the accident. a. am b. be c. is d. are2. Each man and woman _ the same rights. a. has b. have c. had d. is having3. Every means _ tried

30、 but without much result. a. has been b. have been c. are d. is4. There _ in this room. a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnitures c. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture5. The manager or his assistant _ planning to go. a. were b. are c. was d. be6. Not only I but also David and

31、 Iris _ fond of playing basketball. a. am b. is c. are d. was7. Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home. a. is b. are c. has d. was8. Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting. a. attends b . Attend c. are attending d. have attended9. _ was wrong. a. Not the teacher but the students b. Both the s

32、tudents and the teacher c. Neither the teacher nor the students d. Not the students but the teacher10. - “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” - “I suppose so.” a. Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were11. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task. a. are b. has c. is d. were12. Most of his savings _ in t

33、he Xin Hua Bank. a. has been kept b. is being kept c. have kept d. have been kept13. All that can be done _. a. has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done14. One or perhaps more pages _. a. is missing b. has been missed c. are missing d. was missing15. More than one worker _ dismissed.

34、 a. have been b. are c. has been d. has16. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language. a. have realized b. has realized c. have been realized d. has been realized17. The gas works _ near the city. a. is b. are c. were d. be18. The surroundings of his house _ clean now. a. is b. a

35、re c. was d. were19. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours. a. has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing20. The public _ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims. a. is b. was c. are d. has bee1. Professor Zhangs speech was full of

36、humour and made us all laugh. (P48)考点考点 make后接不带后接不带to的动词不定式作的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中要加上宾语补足语，但在被动语态中要加上to。考例考例 My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. (江苏江苏 2007)A. feeling wellB. feeling goodC. feel wellD. feel good句意：我父母一直以来都让我充满自信，句意：我父母一直以来都让我充满自信，即使那时我只有即使那时我只有12岁。本题

37、考查非谓语岁。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语和连系动词的用法。动词作宾语补足语和连系动词的用法。在在make后不能用后不能用V-ing形式作宾补，形式作宾补，feel good意为意为“感觉很好感觉很好”，feel well意为意为“身体好身体好”。故选故选D项。项。2. The food they served on the plane was delicious. (P50)考点考点 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。动词要用单数形式。考例考例 We live day by day, but in the great things, the time o

38、f days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant. (湖南湖南2007)A. is B. areC. has been D. have been句意：我们一天一天地生活着，但从大句意：我们一天一天地生活着，但从大的方面讲，几天的时间或几星期的时间的方面讲，几天的时间或几星期的时间是如此短暂，以至于一天是微不足道的。是如此短暂，以至于一天是微不足道的。主语主语(the) time是个不可数名词，所以谓是个不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。语动词要用单数形式。根据语境，应用根据语境，应用一般现在时。故选一般现在时。故选A项。项。3. T

39、wo hours is too short for the visit. (P50)考点考点 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数作主语时，通常当体积等名词的复数作主语时，通常当作整体看待，后接单数谓语动词。作整体看待，后接单数谓语动词。考例考例 A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. (江西江西2007)A. show; areB. shows; isC. show; isD. show

40、s; are句意：一份对专家观点进行的调查显示，句意：一份对专家观点进行的调查显示，每周三个小时的户外锻炼有益于人的健每周三个小时的户外锻炼有益于人的健康。康。主句的主语是主句的主语是a survey，单数名词，单数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式；宾语从句所以谓语动词要用单数形式；宾语从句中的主语是中的主语是three hours of outdoor exercise，作整体看，谓语动词也要用单，作整体看，谓语动词也要用单数形式，数形式，故选故选B项。项。4. Most of the lecture was about how the ancient city was discovered.

41、 (P50)考点考点 当主语是当主语是all of / most of / some of / half of / a part of名词名词/代词时，谓语代词时，谓语动词的单、复数形式与该名词动词的单、复数形式与该名词 / 代词保代词保持一致。持一致。考例考例 Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the Johnsons. (安徽安徽2006)A. are B. is C. being D. to be句意：对于史密斯夫妇的评价在绝大句意：对于史密斯夫妇的评价在绝大多数情况下也适用于约翰逊夫妇。多数情况下也适用于约翰逊夫妇。most of后接一个由后接一个由what引导的名词性引导的名词性从句，意义上相当于一个不可数名词，从句，意义上相当于一个不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数，所以谓语动词要用单数，故选故选B项。项。 Homework Do the exercisesC1&C2 on page 108 in Workbook.