2010最全商务英语-外贸口语大全必备学习.doc

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1、美式论文、报告写作技巧 编者按：美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用，因此，报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式，比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文（含毕业论文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩，是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。 美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯，在启发式的教育环境下，写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生，虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强，但是表达能力由於自小培养，加上英语能力的优势，常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的

2、利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练，因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦，其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。 通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成；而这三大部分各自内容如下： (一) 篇首： 封面(Title) 序言(Preface) 谢词(Acknowledge) 提要(Summary) 目录(Tables and Appendixes) (二) 本文： 引言(Introduction) 主体，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释 (Foot

3、notes) (三)参考资料： 参考书目(References or Bibliography) 附录资料(Appendix)。 进行论文或报告写作之前，先要确定想要表达的主题，主题确定后，将其具体表达，即为题目。题目可以提供研究者： 一.研究的方向 二.研究的范围 三.资料搜集的范围 四.预期研究成果 通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究，建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或 Proposal 的先前步骤， 大纲是论文、报告的骨干， Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作

4、。好的论文或研究报告，要基于在完整、详实的资料上，而参考资料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的来源就是图书馆了，一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志，及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料，在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪，即可开始着手写报告，一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告，及小报告如 Seminar 式的报告。 就算是小报告，也至少应含 (一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主题名称、作者、日期 (二)Summary： 即主要的结论 (三)Introduction：包括理论背景及内容 (四)Technical

5、 Sections：是论文的主体，为最重要的部份应再细分为 几个片断。 (五)Conclusions：即扼要的结论 (六)Appendixes：复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在 此项 美式报告的撰写通常要打字，两行式，行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑，如有计算数字统计图表的需求，也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS，统计分析软体如SAS，也是不可或缺的，电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具，文书处理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改

6、，如能请老美帮忙会比较好。 论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation)，用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战，通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟，若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助，正式讲演前多预习几次，时间宜控制适中，上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念，需留意听众的反应，切中主题，避免太多数字的导引。2010最全的商务英语，外贸口语集锦最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！太平洋英语，免费体验全部外教一对一课程：外贸口语大全（一） 对外贸易与外贸关系They mainly trade with Japanese f

7、irms. 他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。 For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company. 在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。 Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality. 我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。 There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you. 和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。 Our foreign trade is continuously expanding. 我们的对外

8、贸易不断发展。 Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%. 皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。 Trade in general is improving. 贸易情况正在好转。 Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts. 我们公司主要经营手工艺品。 They are well-known in trade circles. 他们在贸易界很有名望。 We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. 我

9、们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。 To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of Chinas foreign policy. 尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。 Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you. 我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。 Words and Phrases foreign trade 对外贸易 overseas trade 海外贸

10、易 international trade 国际贸易 to trade with 和.进行贸易 to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重 to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳 to make a deal 做一笔交易 deal 交易，经营，处理，与.交往 to deal in经营，做生意 to explore the possibilities of探讨.的可能性 trade circles 贸易界 to handle 经营某商品 to trade in经营某商品 business scope/frame 经营范围 tr

11、ading firm/house 贸易行，商行（二） Can we do a barter trade? 咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？ Is it still a direct barter trade? 这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？ If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, well give you paper in exchange for your timber. 如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。 Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement? 我们订一个三角贸易协

12、议好吗？ A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us. 我们三方可进行三角贸易。 Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan. 补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。 We may agree to do processing trade with you. 我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。 If youre interested in leasing trade, please let us know. 如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。 We wonder whether you

13、 do counter trade. 我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。 Words and Phrases trade by commodities 商品贸易 visible trade 有形贸易 invisible trade 无形贸易 barter trade 易货贸易 bilateral trade 双边贸易 triangle trade 三角贸易 multilateral trade 多边贸易 counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易 counter purchase 互购贸易 buy-back 回购贸易 compensation trade 补偿贸易 processing tra

14、de来料加工贸易 assembling trade 来料装配贸易 leasing trade 租赁贸易 in exchange for用.交换. trade agreement 贸易协议 （三） We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves. 我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。 We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business

15、relationship with you. 得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。 We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you. 我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。 We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality

16、 and mutual benefit. 我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。 Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years. 我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。 Weve never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners, and wed like to make as many new contacts as we can. 和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。 We have made a very good sta

17、rt in our business with Japan. 我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。 Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China. 我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。 As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries. 众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。 We look forward to reactivating our business

18、relationship. 我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。 We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship. 很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。 Well try our best to widen our business relationship with you. 我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。 Were writing you in order to establish business relationship. 我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。 The arrangement will cont

19、ribute to cement our pleasant relationship. 此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。 Were willing to restore our business relationship. 我们希望能恢复贸易关系。 It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit. 如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。 The depressed market results i

20、n the stagnation of trade. 市场萧条导致贸易停滞。 We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you. 我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。 Words and Phrases business association 业务联系，交往 business connection 业务联系 close relationship 密切的关系 closer ties 更密切的关系 to establish(enter into, s

21、et up)business relationship 建立业务关系 to continue business relationship 继续业务关系 to present business relationship 保持业务关系 to improve business relationship 改善业务关系 to promote business relationship 促进业务关系 to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展 to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系 to restore (

22、resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系 to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系 to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系（四） When could you introduce me to your sister company? 什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们？ Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts? 请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国

23、手工艺品出口商，可以吗？ If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your bankers name and address. 如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品，请告知你方要求及往来银行的名称和地址。 Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think its necessary to open a bran

24、ch at the following address. 鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展，有必要在下列地点设立分公司。 Weve often expressed our interest in investing in China. 我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。 Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here. 我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。 Thank you for your manner of business coo

25、peration. 我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。 We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China. 我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。 We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright. 我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。 Words and Phrases trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景 trade cooperation贸易合作 technolog

26、ical cooperation技术合作 business cooperation业务合作 cooperative relationship合作关系 the scope of cooperation 合作范围 Additional Words and Phrases trade fair 贸易展销会 trade show贸易展览 trade agreement贸易协议 to establish arrangement达成协议 to reach an agreement达成协议 trade terms/clause贸易条款 trade balance贸易平衡 to conclude a busi

27、ness transaction达成贸易交易 to work with 与.共事 business activities 经济活动 business house商行；商号 trading department/mechanics 贸易机构 trade association贸易协会 the foreign trade department对外贸易部门 C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade) 中国国际贸易促进会 Commercial Counselors Office 中国使馆的商务处 Chamber

28、 of Commerce商会 trading partnership 经营合伙人 foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者 trading center贸易中心 trading market贸易市场 (二)询盘inquiryHeavy enquiries witness the quality of our products. 大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬。 As soon as the price picks up, enquiries will revive. 一旦价格回升，询盘将恢复活跃。 Enquiries for carpets are getting more n

29、umerous. 对地毯的询盘日益增加。 Enquiries are so large that we can only than allot you 200 cases. 询盘如此之多，我们只能分给你们200箱货。 Enquiries are dwindling. 询盘正在减少。 Enquiries are dried up. 询盘正在绝迹。 They promised to transfer their future enquiries to Chinese Corporations. 他们答应将以后的询盘转给中国公司 Generally speaking, inquiries are m

30、ade by the buyers. 询盘一般由买方发出。 Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an inquiry at China National Textiles Corporation. 贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。 We regret that the goods you inquire about are not available. 很遗憾，你们所询的货物现在无货。 In the import and export business, we often make inquiries at foreign suppliers. 在进

31、出口交易中，我们常向外商询价。 To make an inquiry about our oranges, a representative of the Japanese company paid us a visit. 为了对我们的橙子询价，那家日本公司的一名代表访问了我们。 We cannot take care of your enquiry at present. 我们现在无力顾及你方的询盘。 Your enquiry is too vague to enable us to reply you. 你们的询盘不明确，我们无法答复。 Now that weve already made

32、 an inquiry about your articles, will you please reply as soon as possible? 既然我们已经对你们产品询价，可否尽快给予答复？ China National Silk Corporation received the inquiry sheet sent by a British company. 中国丝绸公司收到了英国一家公司的询价单。 Thank you for your inquiry. 谢谢你们的询价。 Words and Phrases inquire 询盘；询价；询购 to inquire about 对.询价

33、 to make an inquiry 发出询盘；向.询价 inquirer 询价者 enquiry 询盘 inquiry sheet 询价单 specific inquiry 具体询盘 an occasional inquiry 偶尔询盘 to keep inquiry in mind 记住询盘（二） May I have an idea of your prices? 可以了解一下你们的价格吗？ Can you give me an indication of price? 你能给我一个估价吗？ Please let us know your lowest possible prices

34、for the relevant goods. 请告知你们有关商品的最低价。 If your prices are favorable, I can place the order right away. 如果你们的价格优惠，我们可以马上订货。 When can I have your firm C.I.F. prices, Mr. Li? 李先生，什么时候能得到你们到岸价的实盘？ Wed rather have you quote us F.O.B.prices. 我们希望你们报离岸价格。 Would you tell us your best prices C.I.F. Humburg f

35、or the chairs. 请告诉你方椅子到汉堡到岸价的最低价格。 Words and Phrases favorable 优惠的 firm price 实价，实盘 Will you please tell the quantity you require so as to enable us to sort out the offers? 为了便于我方报价，可以告诉我们你们所要的数量吗？ Wed like to know what you can offer as well as your sales conditions. 我们想了解你们能供应什么，以及你们的销售条件。 How long

36、 does it usually take you to make delivery? 你们通常要多久才能交货？ Could you make prompt delivery? 可以即期交货吗？ Would you accept delivery spread over a period of time?不知你们能不能接受在一段时间里分批交货？ Could you tell me which kind of payment terms youll choose? 能否告知你们将采用哪种付款方式？ Will you please tell us the earliest possible dat

37、e you can make shipment? 你能否告知我们最早船期吗？ Do you take special orders? 你们接受特殊订货吗？ Could you please send us a catalog of your rubber boots together with terms of payment? 你能给我们寄来一份胶靴的目录，连同告诉我们付款方式吗？ he inquired about the varieties, specifications and price, and so on and so forth. 他询问了品种、花色和价格等情况。 We hav

38、e inquired of Manager Zhang about the varieties, quality and price of tea. 我们向张经理询问了茶叶的品种、质量、价格等问题。 Words and Phrases sales conditions 销售条件 to make delivery 交货 to make prompt-delivery 即期交货 payment terms 付款方式 special orders 特殊订货（三） 报盘和还盘offer&counter-offerWe have the offer ready for you. 我们已经为你准备好报盘了

39、。 I come to hear about your offer for fertilizers. 我来听听你们有关化肥的报盘。 Please make us a cable offer. 请来电报盘。 Please make an offer for the bamboo shoots of the quality as that in the last contract. 请把上次合同中订的那种质量的竹笋向我们报个价。 We are in a position to offer tea from stock. 我们现在可以报茶叶现货。 Well try our best to get a

40、 bid from the buyers. 我们一定尽力获得买主的递价。 Well let you have the official offer next Monday. 下星期就给您正式报盘。 Im waiting for your offer. 我正等您的报价。 We can offer you a quotation based upon the international market. 我们可以按国际市场价格给您报价。 We have accepted your firm offer. 我们已收到了你们报的实盘。 We offer firm for reply 11 a.m. to

41、morrow. 我们报实盘，以明天上午11点答复为有效。 Well let you have our firm offer next Sunday. 下星期天我们就向你们发实盘。 Were willing to make you a firm offer at this price. 我们愿意以此价格为你报实盘。 Could you offer us F.O.B. prices. 能想我们报离岸价格吗？ All your prices are on C.I.F. basis. 你们所有价格都是成本加运费保险费价格。 Can you make an offer, C & F London, at

42、 your earliest convenience? 您能尽快报一个伦敦港成本加运费价格吗？ Id like to have your lowest quotations, C.I.F. Vancouver. 请报温哥华到岸价的最低价格。 Please make us a cable offer for 5 metric tons of walnut. 请电报5吨核桃仁的价格。 Our offer is RMB300 per set of tape-recorder, F.O.B. Tianjin. 我们的报价是每台收录机300元人民币，天津离岸价。 We quote this articl

43、e at $250 per M/T C&F. 我们报成本加运费价每吨250美圆。 Words and Phrases offer 报盘，报价 to offer for对.报价 to make an offer for 对.报盘（报价） firm offer 实盘 non-firm offer 虚盘 to forward an offer (or to send an offer) 寄送报盘 to get an offer(or to obtain an offer) 获得.报盘 to cable an offer (or to telegraph an offer) 电报（进行）报价 offe

44、r and acceptance by post 通过邮政报价及接受 to accept an offer 接受报盘 to entertain an offer 考虑报盘 to give an offer 给.报盘 to submit an offer提交报盘 official offer正式报价（报盘）（二） My offer was based on reasonable profit, not on wild speculations. 我的报价以合理利润为依据，不是漫天要价。 We have received offers recently, most of which are bel

45、ow 100 U.S. dollars. 我们最近的报价大多数都在100美圆以下。 Moreover, Weve kept the price close to the costs of production. 再说，这已经把价格压到生产费用的边缘了。 I think the price we offered you last week is the best one. 相信我上周的报价是最好的。 No other buyers have bid higher than this price. 没有别的买主的出价高于此价。 The price you offered is above prev

46、ious prices. 你方报价高于上次。 It was a higher price than we offered to other suppliers. 此价格比我们给其他供货人的出价要高。 We cant accept your offer unless the price is reduced by 5%. 除非你们减价5%，否则我们无法接受报盘。 Im afraid I dont find your price competitive at all. 我看你们的报价毫无任何竞争性。 Let me make you a special offer. 好吧，我给你一个特别优惠价。 Well give you the preference of our offer. 我们将优先向你们报盘。 I should have thought my offer was reasonable. 我本以为我的报价是合理的。 Youll see that our offer compares favorably with the quotations you can get elsewhere. 你会发现我们的报价比别处要便宜。 This offer is based