外研版B3 Module1 language points(5页).doc

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1、-必修三 Module 1一. across & between across: between: A B C B A Line A is across line B and C. A is between B and C.swim across the river walk across the road BA二. 1. 表示A与B地接壤用：be/lie on ,to 不强调是否接壤 B is/lies on/to the southwest of A. A is/lies on/to the northeast of B.BA2.to 表示A位于B以外用be/lie to B lies t

2、o the southeast of A. A lies to the northwest of B.A3.B表示A位于B的内部的be/lie in B is/lies in the west of A.原文再现 1.欧洲大陆 the continental Europe2.欧洲第三大国家 Europes third largest country3.与英吉利海峡那边的英国隔海相望face the UK across the English Channel4.在法国和下班呀之间是另一个山脉Between France and Spain is another mountain range.5.

3、位于塞纳河上 situated on the River Seine6.位于巴黎 be located in Paris7.西班牙首都以东500公里 kilometres east of the Spanish capital8.从事那个工程 work on the project9.法国三分之二的画家和作家生活在巴黎Two thirds of Frances artists and writers live in Paris.10.作为西方文明的发祥地而闻名 known as the birthplace of western civilisation11.从那时起 ever since12

4、.与-有相同之处 have - in common with13. 据，就-而言 in terms of14. 国家元首 the head of state15.另一方面 on the other hand16. 控制着 have control over17. 成员国 member countries18.逐渐地，地点一点地 little by little19. 20世纪后半叶 the second half of the 20th century20. 以及地中海的岛屿 plus the Mediterranean islands21. 扩大了的欧盟 the expanded EU22.

5、拥有超过五亿的人口 have a population of over Language Points：1. face n. 脸,面容 v. 面对,朝,1）He faced the difficulty with courage. 他勇敢地面对困难。2）The sun was shining in our faces. 太阳光直射在我们脸上。3）The building faces north.= The building faces (to) the north. 这栋建筑物朝北。与face相关的短语：1） face to face 面对面His wish was to meet his f

6、avourite pop star face to face (have a face-to-face meeting) .他心向往之的是要面对面地见见他心目中的流行曲歌星。2）hit sb in the face “打某人的脸”3）in ( the) face of “面对” 搭配:1）face sth 2）be faced with “面对” We are _ with a difficult decision. 我们面临着一个困难的决定.1) _ (face) with such a situation, she didnt know what to do.2) _ such a sit

7、uation, she didnt know (face)2. Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. = Pairs is the capital and largest city of France, which is situated on the River Seine. = Pairs, situated on the River Seine, is the capital and largest city of Pairs. situated on the River

8、 Seine是过去分词做定语，修饰Pairs。be situated on / in / to 位于，处于，坐落在be located1). _ in Chengdu, NO.7 High is a well-known school.2). 成都坐落于中国西南。 Chengdu is _ in the southwest of China. be situated/ located on/ in/ to3). 这座城市面积2000平方公里。 This city _ an area of 2000 square kilometers. (cover) It covers an area of

9、square kilometers.4). 成都人口超过1000万。 Chengdu has a _ of over/ more than 10 million. It has a population of about 有多少人口5). 成都有3000多年的历史了。 Chengdu has a _ of more than 3000 years. It has a history of about years. 6). 成都因熊猫及小吃而出名. Chengdu is _ for pandas and snacks. It is famous/ well-known for/ as 7). 这

10、座城市资源丰富，例如煤、石油。The city is rich in resources such as coal and oil. It is rich in resources such as Grammar 形式时态助动词be的变化形式+ 实意动词的过去分词现在一般时态am (is , are )一般过去时态was ( were)一般将来时态shall ( will) be done一般过去将来时态should (would) be现在进行时态am(is, are) being过去进行时态was (were ) being现在完成时态has (have) been过去完成时态had be

11、en将来完成时态shall (will) have been过去将来完成时态should (would) have beenGrammar2 Subject and verb agreement 主谓一致Definition: 主谓一致是指以个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。四种基本原则： 形式一致，意义一致，就近原则，就远原则。1. 形式一致：句中的谓语动词和它的主语在形式上保持一致。1). They _ an e-mail address. (have)2). A soldiers _ killed in the battle last year. (be)2. 意义一致：谓语动词

12、的单复数形式取决于主语所表达的意义，而不是取决于表面的形式。1). Bread and butter _ his favorite food. (be)3. 就近原则：谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语一致。 neither A nor B either A or B not only A but also B not A but B A or B there be句型 Either you or I _ wrong. (be) Not only the students but also the teacher _ know the answer to the question. (do not

13、 ) Not you but I _ to answer for it. (be) There _ two knives, a pen and several books on the table. (be)4. 就远原则：谓语与A部分一致(就远原则）： together with along with (或with) besides (或but/except) A + as well as + B +谓语动词 including rather than like1). The boy together with his parents _ to the museum once a week.

14、 (go)2). No one but us _ in the classroom at that time. (be)热身练习1. My family _ a large one. Now the whole family _ watching the match.2. Not only the boys but also the teacher _ not know how to work out this math problem3. The teacher as well as the students _ not know how to work out this math prob

15、lem.4. The head teacher and English teacher of class 18 _ very humorous.5. Mike, like his brothers, _ (enjoy) chess.6. The teacher, together with the students, _ now discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America.7. A number of famous people _ invited to the party. The number of the stu

16、dents in our grade _ 850.8. It is you, rather than I, that _ always breaking the traffic rules.9. Not the driver but the two injured young men _ responsible(负责) for the accident.应注意的几个问题：1. 集合名词：如：family, team, group, class, government, army, enemy, audience, committee, company, club, crew, party(政党

17、) 等做主语时，如果作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词用单数；如果强调集体中的个体成员，谓语动词用复数。1). Our research group _ made up of 20 scientists. (be)2). Our research group _ discussion how to conduct the experiment.(be)3). The big family _ happy. (be)4). The couple _ quarreling with each other. (be)但 people, the police, cattle(牛，牲畜) 等集体名词做主语，谓

18、语动词只能用复数形式。警察正在搜查那栋大楼。The police _ searching the building. 2. 单复数同行的名词。 如：means, works, species(物种，种类)，deer,Chinese, Japanese等做主语时，根据句意确定谓语动词的单复数。1). These sheep _ big as well as fat. (be)2). The steel works _ closed for holiday. (be)3). There _ some iron works along the river. (be)4). Every means _

19、 been tried. (have) work 工作：work Uc; jobCn 作品： workCn works pl works 工厂 works pl3. 名词+ and+ 名词 做主语时，特殊情况：1) 当and连接两个在意义上表示同一个人，物或两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。 A knife and fork _ lying on the table. The writer and poet _ going to give us a talk on writing. 比较：A factory worker and a writer _ going to give us a

20、talk. War and peace _ the eternal theme in history.A famous singer and dancer _ giving a solo performance.One more knife and fork _ been washed.A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A. is B. are C. was D. were2) 两个并例的名词由each, every, many a

21、 , no 等修饰时， 谓语动词一般用单数。eachand each every and every+n(单) +V（单）no and no In our country every boy and every girl _ the right to receive education.No teacher and no student _ admitted to the room.-Did you go to the show last night?-Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area_ invited.A. were B. have been C. h

22、as been D. was 4. 不定代词 somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, everybody, everything, nothing, no one 等作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。Someone _ left you a message in the office.5. 表示时间，金钱，距离， 重量的复数名词表示单位数量做主语时， 通常 看作整体，谓语动词一般用单数。10,000 years _ too long a time. We must make use of every day.Fifteen miles _ like a long

23、walk to me. (seem)Thirty dollars _ too high a price for the book.6. the + 形容词、分词 指一类人时作主语谓语动词用复数，如果指抽象事物或个别人时谓语动词用单数。The young _ different form the old in many ways.The living _ supposed to honor the dead.The worst _ still to come.7. 不定式，动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词常用单数。1) To take in an article _ to understand an

24、 article. (mean)2) Keeping a balanced diet combined with exercise _ the recipe for a healthy life. 3) That he has been put in prison _ a surprise to us. (be)但what 引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词视情况而定：What we need _ more money.What they need _ more people.Most of what has been said about the Smiths _ also true of the

25、 Johnsons.A. are B. is C. being D. to be8. 表示整体中的一部分意义的词或短语作主语时， 谓语动词与of 后的名词一致。分数或百分数 the rest part 1) n (可数单/不可数) +v(单数形式) half ofsome 2） n(复数名词/集合名词) + v(复数) plenty Two thirds of the water _ polluted.Two thirds of people _ (not be) here yet.Part of the students _ against the plan.70% of the earth

26、s surface _ water. The rest _ made up of continents and islands.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. A. is B. are C. was D. were9. 定语从句和强调句的主谓一致：Those who _ made great contributions to the people will always remembered.

27、 (have)Anyone who _ made great contributions to the people will always remembered. (have)Marys husband was the only one of the staff in his office who _(be) invited to the ball.It is not you but I that _ to be in charge of(负责，主管) experiment. (be)It is I, rather than you, that _ to be in charge of th

28、e experiment. (be)10. more than one(或more that one+单数名词)，many a +单数(n)名词作主语，谓语动词(v)要用单数形式。More than one AH1N1(甲型流感) case _ been confirmed knf:m vt. 确认in China. （have）Many a student _ to the suggestion. (agree)= Many students _ to the suggestion. (agree)Correct the mistakes:1. Many a graduate have go

29、ne to Beijing in hopes of finding good jobs.2. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, hope to go to university.3. Two fifths of the land here are covered with trees and grass.4. He is the only one of the students have been a winner of scholarship for three years.5. Now the young l

30、ikes to dye their hair brown to attract peoples attention. dyedai vt. 染；把染上颜色6. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift.7. When and where to build a new factory havent been decided yet.8. One third of the population here is workers.9. East of the lake stands two old te

31、mples.10. More than one person have made the suggestions.11. Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read, of whose works, however, some _ difficult to understand.A. are, are B. is, is C. are, is D. is, are12. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.A. wear B. w

32、ears C. has worn D. have worn13. - Why does the lake smell terrible?- Because large quantities of water_.A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluteda (large) quantity of (adj. 大量的)+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数式；(large) quantities of（大量）+可数与不可数名词,谓语动词都用复数Great quantities of milk

33、 _needed in this city. (be)There _a large quantity of milk. (be)A large quantity of water _ wasted.A large quantity of apples _ wasted.Large quantities of water _ wasted.Large quantities of apples _ wasted.The number of the teachers invited _ thirty, but a number of them _ absent for different reaso

34、ns.A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; wereWe live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant.A. is B. are C. has been D. have been_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; areAt the foot of the mountain _ .A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village life D. lying a villageOn top of the books _ the photo album youre looking for.A. is B. are C. has D. have-第 5 页-