太原科技大学 研一英语(上)考试参考(6页).doc

《太原科技大学 研一英语(上)考试参考(6页).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《太原科技大学 研一英语(上)考试参考(6页).doc（6页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、- 翻译重点（2011汉译英）假如我现在是总统或者是富有的商人，妈妈应该会更满意的。虽然母亲很爱我，但她并没有欺骗自己。在我高中毕业之时，她就意识到了我缺少那种日进斗金或博取群众爱戴的能力。从那以后她就开始把我往写作的道路上推。母亲的家族有从事写作的传统。从她的外公开始似乎就有一种语言基因代代相传。她的外公是一位教师，他的女儿露利是诗人，儿子查理后来成了巴尔的摩先驱报的通讯员。在世纪之交，南方还没有从因为内战而大伤气的状态下恢复过来，写作在当时是一条谋生之路。Mother would have liked it better if I could have grown up to be Pre

2、sident or a rich businessman, but much as she loved me, she did not deceive herself. Before I was out of grade school, she could see I lacked the gifts for either making millions or winning the love of crowds. After that she began nudging me toward working with words.Words ran in her family. There s

3、eemed to be a word gene that passed down from her maternal grandfather. He was a school teacher, his daughter Lulie wrote poetry, and his son Charlie became New York correspondent for the Bltimore Herald. In the turn-of-the century South, still impoverished by the Civil War, words were a way out.（20

4、11英译汉）Happiness is never more than partial. There are no pure states of mankind. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in becoming. What the Founding Fathers declared for us as inherent right,we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happ

5、iness market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming. A nation is not measured by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.从来就没有过完美的幸福。人

6、类社会不存在尽善尽美。无论人们怎样界定何谓幸福，它既不在于拥有也不在于实现，而在于追求的过程。我们应该牢记：开国元勋们为我们所宣布的与生俱来的权利，不是享受幸福而是追求幸福。假如他们当初预见到现在出现的幸福市场，他们就会强调指出这样一个基本事实：幸福在于为之奋斗的过程，在于我们终生为之努力并从中获得启迪的事业，也就是说在于追求。对于一个民族的评价不是看它拥有什么或是幸福拥有什么，而是看它想要追求什么。（2010）To hold this opinion, however, is little short of treason in America. A boy or girl who leav

7、es college is branded a failureand the right to fail is one of the few freedoms that this country does not grant its citizens. The American dream of “getting ahead”, painted in strokes of gold wherever we look. Our advertisements and TV commercials are a hymn to material success, our magazine articl

8、es a toast to people who made it to the top. Smoke the right cigarette or drive the right cat-so the ads imply-and the girls will be swooning into your deodorized arms or caressing your expensive lapels. Happiness goes to the man who has the sweet smell of achievement. He is our national idol, and e

9、verybody else is our national fink. (Para.3)然而在美国,持有这种观点差不多就是背叛.中途离开学校的孩子们被丑化成失败者-失败的权利是美国政府没有赋予国民的少数几个自由之一.美国之梦是”成功”之梦,凡是我们放眼之处都是一片金光灿烂.宣传广告和电视广告歌颂物质方面的成功,杂志文章赞誉获得此类成功的人.广告暗示你:吸适合你身份的烟、开适合你身份的车，女孩们就会陶醉在你那没有异味的怀抱之中，抚摸你那昂贵的衣领。幸福只青睐那些散发出成功的甜蜜气味的人。他是全体国民的偶像，其他所有人则是国家的蛀虫（2010）My criticism is not simply

10、of fatherlessness but of a culture of fatherlessness. For, in addition to fathers, we are losing something larger: our idea of fatherhood. Unlike earlier periods of father absence in our history, such as wartime, we now face more than a physical loss affecting some homes. The 1940s child could say:

11、My father had to leave for a while to do something important. The 90s child must say: My father left me permanently because he wanted to.我的批语不是简单地针对家庭中父亲角色的缺失，而是针对一个父道沦丧的文化。因为除了父亲以外，我们正在失去更为重要的东西：我们对于为父之道的操守观念。与历史上早些年（比如战争时期）父爱的缺失不同，我们现在面临的不仅仅是影响某些家庭的父亲物质实体上的缺失。20世纪40年代的孩子会说：我的父亲为了去做一些重要的事而不得不暂时离开了我

12、。90年代的孩子会说，我的父亲永远离开了我，因为他不想要我了。（2009）I dont think that there is anything massively disruptive about this shifting sense of community. The continuing search for connection and shared enterprise is very human. But I do feel uncomfortable with our shifting identity. The balance has tipped, and we seem

13、increasingly dependent on work for our sense of self. (Para.13)我并不认为这种社区概念的变迁会造成大面积的混乱，这种对联系和共同理想的不断追寻充满了人性。但我对我们不断变化的身份确实感到不安。身份意识的天平似乎已经日渐倾斜到工作决定身份这边。（2009）By all means let the happiness-market sell us minor satisfactions and even minor follies so long as we keep them in scale and buy them out of

14、spiritual change. I am no customer for either Puritanism or asceticism. But drop any real spiritual capital at those bazaars, and what you come to will be your own poorhouse.当然，只要我们掌握好一个度，或者只作为一种精神调节，不妨从幸福市场买点满足感甚至可以花钱买点愚蠢的东西。我既不信奉清教徒的生活准则也不赞面禁欲主义。但如果我们在这些市场上放弃任何真正意义上的精神财富，那么到头来我们只能是一无所有。1、If our of

15、fice are our new neighborhoods, if our professional titles are our new ethnic tags, then how do we separate ourselves from our jobs? Selfworth isnt just something to measure in the marketplace. But in these new, communities, it becomes harder to tell who we are without saying what we do. (Para.14)如果

16、办公室真的彻底变成我们的社区，如果我们的所从事的行业真的彻底变成我们的种族印记，那我们怎样才能把自己和工作区分开来呢？自我价值并不是只有在市场环境中得到体现的。但是在这些新的社区中，如果不先说明我们是从事哪行哪业的，就越来越难以说清楚我们究竟是谁。2、Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recen

17、tly, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block. Our new sense of community hasns just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that have somethin

18、g “in common” with other teachers, nurses, city planners. (Para.11)不是所有的住宅区都是空的,也不是所有的工作单位都是友好的.多数人在这里都曾有过复杂的经历.然而,最近一位女性朋友告诉我她对工作单位里的人的了解程度要胜于对同一街区人的了解程度.我们不仅把社区的概念从住宅区迁移到办公楼,上班时身上佩戴的标志也把我们和异国他乡的人们和公司员工联系在一起.我们假设自己和其他的教师、护士、城市规划者有某些共同点。3、Its not unlike the experience of our immigrant grandparents.

19、Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian community, the Irish community, the Polish community. They sought out and assumed connections with people from the old country. Many of us have updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professio

20、nal identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with the workplace. This whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language. (Para.12)这有点像最初移民来到美国我们的祖辈们的经历,许多人来到这里以后把自己原来的国籍还当成一个社

21、区,所以有意大利人社区、爱尔兰人社区、波兰人社区等。他们不断寻找并设想自己与来自同一个国家的人们有着亲密的联系。我们把这种体验提升了一步。像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的职业身份取代了种族身份。这种社区的完全重组在流动作业的行业中表现得最为明显，那些在不同城市变换工作的人似乎把自己的身份根植与他们的行业中。在这个充满专业人士的时代，他们不得不费劲周折去寻找有共同语言的人。4、Onward and upward was the course she set. Small progress was no excuse for feeling satisfied with yourself. Peo

22、ple who stopped to pat themselves on the back didnt last long. Even if you got to the top, you d better not take it easy. “The bigger they come, the harder they fall” was one of her favorite maxims.(Para.21)进取、进取、再进取，这是母亲给我设定的方向。小小的进步是不足以自我满足的。那些因成功而沾沾自喜停下来欣赏自己的人是不会持久的。即使你已经到达顶峰，你也最好不要放松。爬得越高，摔得越痛，是

23、母亲的至理名言。5、It wasnt the gin that was shouting. It was my mother. The gin only gave me the courage to announce to them that yes, by God, I had always believed in success, had always believed that without hard work and self-discipline you could never amount to anything, and didnt deserve to. 其实不是杜松子酒在吼

24、，是我的母亲在吼。酒只是借给了我勇气向他们宣布那个想法。是的，上帝可以作证，我一直相信成功，一直相信如果没有辛勤的劳动和严格的自律，一个人不可能有任何成就，也不配有成就。6、With no idea what to do next, I resolved literally to “sail off into the sunset,” following the coastline from Connecticut to Florida. But somewhere off New Jersey I turned due east, straight out to sea. Hours lat

25、er, I climbed up on the stern rail and watched the dark Atlantic slip beneath the hull. How easy it would be to let the water take me, I thought.(Para.3)无所适从的我决心真正驾船“向夕阳行驶”，沿着海岸线从康涅狄格州驶向佛罗里达州。但是在离新泽西巷的地方，我转向正东方，直接驶往大海。几小时后，我爬上船尾的栏杆，注视着从船体下面滑过的黑沉沉的大西洋海水。我想让海水淹死是多么容易的一件事。 7、Everyone, at some point, wi

26、ll suffer a loss-the loss of loved ones. Good health, a job. “Its your desert experience-a time of feeling barren of options, even hope,” explains Patrick Ddl Zoppo, a psychologist and bereavement specialist with the Archdiocese of New York. “The important thing is not to allow yourself to be strand

27、ed in the desert.”(Para.5)每个人，在某个时刻，都将遭受损失失去挚爱的人、健康或是工作。“这是你经历中的荒漠-一段感到毫无出路，甚至毫无希望的时期”，帕垂克戴尔左珀解释说。他是一名心理学家，纽约大主教管区的丧亲之痛专家，“重要的是不要让你自己陷入荒漠之中无法自拔”。8、So when I want to watch TV, Im confronted with a total of 120 buttons, identified by such helpful labels as PIP , MTS, DBS, FZ, JUMP and BLANK. There are

28、 three buttons labeled POWER, but there are times-especially if my son and his friends, who are not afraid of features, have changed the settings-when I honestly cannot figure out how to turn the TV on. I stand there, holding three remote controls, pressing buttons at random, until eventually I give

29、 up and go turn on the dishwasher. It has been, literally, years since I have successfully recorded a TV show. That is how “smart”my appliances have become.所以当我想看电视时，我面对的是120个功能键。通过诸多PIP、MTS、DBS、FZ、JUMP、BLANK等有用的标签来识别它们的功能。其中3个功能键的标签都是POWER。但有些时候尤其是如果我儿子和他的朋友们他们都不害怕破坏原有的功能改变了设置，我真不知道该如何打开电视机。我站在那儿，手

30、中握着3个遥控器胡乱地按着，直到最终放弃转而去开洗碗机。毫不夸张地说，我花了几年的工夫才学会了录制电视节目。我的电器就“智能”到了这种程度。9、Is this the kind of future you want, consumers? Do you want appliances that are smarter than you? Your appliances should be dumber than you, just like your furniture, your pets and your represetatives in Congress. So Iam urging

31、you to let the appliance industry know, by phone, letter, fax and e-mail, that when it comes to “smart”appliances, you vote NO.You need to act quickly. Because while youre reading this, your microwave oven is voting YES.消费者们：这就是你们所期望的未来吗？你希望电器比你还聪明？当然不是。家用电器应该比你笨，就像你的家具、宠物和国会众议员一样。所以我敦促你们通过电话、信件、传真或

32、电子邮件的方式让电器制造厂商知道：当论及“智能电器”时你们会投反对票。必须尽快行动。因为在你读这篇文章时，你的微波炉正在投赞成票。10、What they should say is “Dont be afraid to fail!” Failure isnt fatal. Countless people have had a bout with it and come out stronger as a result. Many have even come out famous. History is strewn with eminent dropouts, “loners”who f

33、ollowed their own trail, not worrying about its odd twists and turns because they had faith in their own sense of direction. To read their biographies is always exhilarating, not only because they beat the system, but because their system was better than the one that they beat.他们应该说不要害怕失败！失败并不致命。无数人

34、曾失败过，也因此而变得更加强大。有些甚至成了名人。历史上充满了卓越的中途退出者以及沿着自己的道路前行的“孤独者”。他们不惧怕偶尔的波折，因为他们坚信自己的方向感。阅读他们的传记总是令人振奋，这不仅因为他们打破了旧体制，更因为他们创立的体制要优于他们打破的。11、Who is to say, then, if there is any right path to the top, or even to say what the top consists of? Obviously the colleges dont have more than a partial answer-otherwis

35、e the young would not be so disaffected with an education that they consider vapid. Obviously business not have the answer- otherwise the young would not be so scornful of its call to be an organization man.那么，谁能说清是否有通向巅峰的正确道路，或者甚至能说巅峰到底包含了什么呢？很明显大学只能提供部分的答案要不然年青人也不会对教育不满，认为它如此枯燥乏味。很明显商业中也不曾有答案要不上青人

36、也不会地应聘成为公司总裁一员如此不屑一顾。12、Fatherlessness is the most harmful demographic trend of this generation. It is the leading cause of the decline in the well-being of children. It is also the engine driving our most urgent social problems, from crime to adolescent pregnancy to domestic violence. Yet, despite

37、its scale and social consequences, fatherlessness is frequently ignored or denied. Especially within our elite discourse, it remains a problem with no name.关于这一代人的人口统计显示出的倾向中，父爱缺失是最糟的一项。它是儿童生活幸福度下降的罪魁祸首，也是产生犯罪、青少年怀孕、家庭暴力等严重社会问题目的根源。然而尽管父爱缺失这一问题普遍存在且后果严重，却经常被忽略被否认。尤其是在我们的精英话语中，父爱缺失仍是一个未被清楚地认识到的问题。13、

38、Surely a crisis of this scale merits a name and a response. At a minimum, it requires a serious debate. Why is fatherhood declining? What can be done about it? Can our society find ways to invigorate effective fatherhood as a norm of male behavior? Yet, to date, our pubulic discussion has been remar

39、kably weak and defeatist. There is a prevailing belief that not much can or even should be done to reverse the trend.对于如此规模的危机问题当然应该认识清楚并做出反应。至少要加以认真讨论：为什么为父之道会沦丧？针对这一问题有何对策？我们的社会能否找到办法，促使男性都能尽到为父之责？然而到目前为止，公众在这一问题上的声音还很微弱，没有成效。普遍的看法是我们无法甚至不应该去改变这一趋势。课文翻译一、A Working Community5、None of us, mind you,

40、was born into these communities. Nor did we move into them, U-Hauling our possessions along with us. None has papers to prove we are card-carrying members of one such group or another. Yet it seems that more and more of us are identified by work these days, rather than by street.值得一提的是，我们没有谁一出生就属于这些

41、社区，也不是后来我们搬了进来。这些身份是我们随身携带的，没有人可以拿出文件证明我们是这个或那个群体的会员卡持有者。然而，不知不觉中人们的身份更倾向于各自所从事的工作，而不是像以往一样由家庭住址来界定。6、 In the past, most Americans live in neighborhoods. We were members of precincts or parishes or school districts. My dictionary still defines communtiy, first of all in geographic terms, as “a body

42、of people who live in one place.”过去大多数彼邻而居的美国人彼此是同一个街区、教区、校区的成员。今天的词典依然首先从地理的角度来定义社区，称之为“一个由居住在同一地方的人组成的群体”。7、 But today fewer of us do our living in that one place; more of us just use it for sleeping. Now we call our towns “bedroom suburbs,” and many of us, without small children as icebreakers, w

43、ould have trouble naming all the people on our street.然而，如今的情况是居住和工作都在同一个地方的人极少，对更多的人来说家成了一个仅仅用来睡觉的地方。我们的居住地被叫做“近郊居住区”，由于没有了孩子像过去那样起到沟通邻里关系的作用，许多人感到要叫出跟我们同住一条街的所有人的名字是件极不容易的事。8、 Its not that we are more isolated today. Its that many of us have transferred a chunk of our friendships, a major portion

44、of our everyday social lives, from home to office. As more of our neighbors work away from home, the workplace becomes our neighborhood.这不是说我们今天被分得更开了，而是好多人已经部分的友谊和大部分的日常社交生活从家里转移到了办文室。随着越来越多的人走出家门去工作，工作的地方就变成了我们的街区。9、 The kaffeeklatsch of the fifties is the coffee break of the eighties.The water co

45、oler, the hall, the elevator, and the parking lot are the back fences of these neighborhoods. The people we have lunch with day after day are those who know the running saga of our mothers operations, our childs math grades, our frozen pipes, and faulty transmissions.50年代的下午茶成了80年代的喝咖啡的工间休息。工作地的饮水冷却

46、机、大厅、电梯、停车场是新社区的后院篱笆墙。天天和我们共进午餐的人是给我们的母亲动手术的医生、孩子的数学老师、管道工、汽车修理工等。10、 We may be strangers at the supermarket that replaced the corner grocer, but we are known at the coffee shop in the lobby. We share with each other a cast of characters from the boss in the corner office to the crazy lady in Shippi

47、ng, to the lovers in Marketing. Its not surprising that when researchers ask Americans what they like best about work,they say it is “the shmoose factor.” When they ask young mothers at home what they miss most about work, it is the people.人们曾经在杂货店的超市里可能是陌生人，但是却极可能在公司大厅的咖啡间里相识。我们谈论一些人物，从街头办文室的老板，到运输

48、部中的疯女人，到营销部的情人们。难怪当研究者问及美国人关于工作他们最喜欢什么的时候，他们的回答是“和同事悠闲自在地闲扯”，当询问在家里做全职母亲的年轻妇女对工作最怀念什么时，她们说是工作中所接触过的人。11、Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more ab

49、out the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block. Our new sense of community hasns just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that have something “in common” with other teachers, nurses, city planners. 不是所有的住宅区都是空的,也不是所