大二上精读Lesson 1(14页).doc

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1、-1. Structure:l Para.1 Put forward the topic by means of three questionsl Para. 2 Para. 9 Para. 2 identity crisis Para. 3 the independence and dependence strugglePara. 4 psychological separation: Functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of individual to take

2、 care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. Attitudinal independence, which means that individuals learn to see and accept the difference between their own attitudes, values and beliefs and those of their paren

3、ts. Emotional independence. Freedom from an excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father. Freedom fromexcessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father. Para.

4、5 establish sexual identity Para. 6 how to give and receive affection in the adult world Para. 7 internalize the religious faith, values and morals Para. 8 develop new ways to organize and use knowledge Para. 9 understand people of other culturesl Para. 10 key stage of personal growth and expansion

5、2. Sth suddenly comes into your mind:l It occurs to sb that.l It downs on sb that.l It strikes sb that.3. perceive:l To think of as 把。看做，认为Eg: he perceived himself a loser.l To notice, to discover, to observe 察觉，发觉Musicians can perceive very small differences in sounds.l To understand, to grasp领会，理解

6、Eg: I gradually perceived that culture and language cannot really be separated.4. Chance :adj not planned or expected; accidental偶然的，意外的A chance meeting with him changed everything.5. Heighten : v to become stronger or intensified提高，增高Eg: increased levels of fat in the diet could heighten the risk o

7、f cancer.6. distinct adjl Easily heard,seen,felt or understood;definite显著的，清楚的Eg: I had the distinct impression that I was being watched.l Distinct from sth ：different in kind,separate与。不同Eg: although they look similar,these plants are actually quite distinct.7. inhibit： vl Inhibit sb from doing sth

8、 ：prevent sb from doing sth that should be natural or easy to do禁止，抑制Eg: shyness inhibited him from speaking.Inhibition n.禁止，抑制Eg: she had no inhibitions about saying what she felt.8. excessive adj much more than what is reasonable or necessary过多的，过分的Eg: the food was bad and the bill was excessive i

9、n this restaurant.Excess n 过度，过量 derog.贬an excessive of sth 过多，过量的Eg: an excess of fat in ones diet can lead to heart disease.9. Drag ones feet l (infml)to walk slowly and listlessly looking very unhappy and disappointed 拖着脚步走l (fig) delay deliberately 故意拖延Eg: the local government are dragging their

10、 feet closing small mines.10. dismayed : adj 吃惊，惊愕，心慌，沮丧的Eg: we were all dismayed at his refusal to cooperate.Dismay: u feeling of shock and discouragement Eg: be filled/stuck with dismay at the news, etc We watched in blank dismay as she packed her bags.11. dejected : adj depressed; sad沮丧的，灰心的Eg: d

11、ejected-looking campers in the rainDejection : nu Eg: the loser received the result in dejection.Similar words: Despondent DepressedDiscouragedHeartbreakingHeavyhearted12. Relate vl Relate sth to sb: tell sb a story,etc; give an account of facts, experience,etc叙述，说明Eg: she related to them how it hap

12、pened.l Relate sth to/with sth: associate sth with sth 把。和。联系起来Eg: the report relates high wages to/with labor shortages.In relation to : concerning; concerned with关于，涉及Eg: I have nothing further to say in relation to this matter.Relate to :l To be able to have a good relationship with people becaus

13、e you understand their feelings, problems situation,etc.相处得好Eg: he finds it difficult to relate to childrenl Be connected with sb/sth else, refer to sb与。有联系Eg: wealth is seldom related to happiness.Be related to About Concerned with Books concerning children With regard to regarding Have a bearing o

14、n与。有关Pertinent/relevant documents相关文件Authorities/department/parties concerned有关当局，部门，政党，13. Rebel against: to oppose or fight against反抗Eg: young people tend to rebel against traditional practices.14. Prejudice vl Vt Prejudice sb against/ in favor of sb/sth 对。有偏见l Vt cause harm to a case, claim, etc;

15、weaken 侵害，损害Eg: lake of self-discipline prejudiced her chances of success.Prejudiced adj (usu.derog) 有成见的Eg; she regarded her critics as ignorant 无知的，愚昧的and prejudicedIgnorant is a bliss傻人有傻福Prejudicial to sb adj : (fml) causing harm to a persons right, interest,etc不利的，有害的，引起偏见的Eg: developments prej

16、udicial to the companys future对公司的未来有不利影响的一些新情况15.l Ethnic: adj 民族的，种族的，部落的 ethnic minorities, groupsl Ethic: n 道德标准，行为标准 l Ethics :sing 伦理学pl 道德标准 l Ethical: adj 道德的16. distress : l u state of being in danger or difficulty an requiring help 危险，危难Eg: a ship in distress l u.sing cause of great pain,

17、sorrow, suffering etc精神上的痛苦，肉体上的疼痛Eg: her death was a great distress to all the familyl usuffering caused by lack of money, food etc烦恼Eg: relieve the distress caused by earthquake Lessen ones pain减轻某人的痛苦17. See sb in a different light: to see sb in a different way Eg: what he did made us see him in

18、a new light.l Bring sth to light揭露，暴露Eg: new facts have been brought to light.l Cast/shed/throw light on sth使。真相大白Eg: recent research has shed new light on the causes of the disease.l In the light of sth / in light of sth根据，鉴于Eg: review the proposal in the light of past experience18. For certain : c

19、ertainly, definitely我也说不清楚这辆车多少钱 I dont know how much the car for certain.l Synonyms: Goal : objective, aim, target, purposeTo occur : to happenTo expand : to enlarge, to developTo endeavor : to try, to attemptDistinct : clear, definite, separate Journal : magazineOption : choice, alternativeTo sele

20、ct : to choose, to pickMajor (adj); main, chief, principal, leadingFaith: belief, religionEmotion; strong feelingsTo acquire : to gain, to obtain, to getl Antonyms:Feminine: masculineMature; immatureDependence; independenceSuperior: inferiorCompetent: incompetentMajor(adj): minorTo widen: to narrowG

21、uilt: innocenceTo include: to excludeApproval: disapprovalTrust; mistrustEquality; inequalityTo encourage: to discourageTo shrink: to expand, to develop, to increaseDistinct: indistinct, unclear,vaguePractical: impractical,theoreticalcf l Objective object Objective:Adj客观的，目标的，N 目的，目标，Object:N 物体，V 反

22、对，拒绝 For quite some time they were unable to identify the flying object. We have two objectives in our economic work. One is to develop our economy, and the other is to protect our environment. After you have set your objective, you must decide on the concrete measures. You must look at the situatio

23、n in an objective way. Galileo proved that two objects of difference weight will drop to the ground from the same height at the same time.l Acquire(后天习得，得到） inquire（询问） require（要求，需要）1. Democracy requires people to be responsible citizens.2. Our modernization effort requires a peaceful environment.3

24、. Many laid-off workers have to acquire new skills to ger re-employed.4. Many laid-off workers have to acquire knowledge passed on to us from the past, it should also be a place to explore new ideas.5. I wrote them a formal letter to inquire whether they could offer me a position in their company.l

25、Entrust, trust, believeEntrust 委托：使某人对某些重要的事负责，或是照顾某人： Entrust A to B 或 entrust B with ATrust 相信：相信某人是诚实的，不会做坏事Believe 相信：确信某事是真实的，真理，相信某人所讲的是真的a. While he was away, the company was entrusted to his son.b. He was entrusted with the construction of the expressway, and he used this opportunity to stea

26、l public money.c. The new leaders of our village are chosen through free election. The village people trust them.d. I dont believe her.she cant serious.e. Dont trust a man who keeps flattering you. A true friend will never do that.l Pay repay place replace substitutePay money back; put sth into a ce

27、rtain place; 报答 in a special situation/position1) Finally the book was published. It repayed all the sleepless nights in those three years.2) We can not only pay our workers good wages, we can also repay all our loan.3) She was criticized for trying to place her daughter in a government office.4) I

28、dont know what I can do repay your kindness.5) Several reports were placed on my desk to be signed. One of them said that our chief computer was out of date and needed to be replaced.l Anxious(ly) 焦虑的 eager(ly)渴望的，热心的 They are getting very anxious because the world market is getting more and more co

29、mpetitive. I waited anxiously outside the emergency room during my mothers operation. Young people are usually eager to try out new things. When I looked at the eager/anxious faces of the children, I said to myself, I cant leave them to their own devices. They need me. Naturally we are all eager/ anxious to know the result of the test.-第 15 页-