高二英语units19-20学案.doc
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1、高中二年级英语学案Units 19-20 (B2)【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语1接双宾语的动词(1)常见的能接双宾语的动词有:accord, advance, award, bring, deal, forward, give, grant, band, lease, leave, lend, loan, mail, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, post, read, rent, repay, sell, send, serve, show, sing, take, reach, tell, write.(2)另有一批动词, 也可跟两个宾语, 但把间接宾语放在后
2、面时, 要改为由for引导的短语. 例如:Father bought me a camera. (跟两个宾语)Father bought a camera for me. (包含for引导的短语)这类动词常见的有:book, bring, build, buy, cook, cut, design, fetch, find, fix, get, leave, make, mix, order, paint, pick, play, prepare, reserve, save, set, sing, spare.2常见的与hand连用的短语:an old hand内行, 过来人at first
3、 hand直接at hand在手边, 在附近at second hand第二手的, 间接的by hand用手, 用体力hand in hand手拉手on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面Hands off! 请勿动手!Hands up! 不许动, 举起手来!from hand to mouth现挣现吃地, 仅够糊口地give sb. a big hand 给某人热烈鼓掌Many hands make light work. 人多好办事/人多力量大3学会用时间“time”time一词很普通,是常挂在嘴边的词, 试试翻译下列口语中常用的句子:1Whats t
4、he time? 2(How) Time flies! 3Take your time! 4 (Only) Time will tell. Keys: 1. 现在几点? 2. 时间过得真快! 3. 别着急!(慢慢来!) 4. 时间会说明一切。time一词构成很多固定搭配,你知道它们的意义吗?in time 与时,迟早in no time 立刻,马上on time 准时,正点all the time 一直,始终 time and again 一次又一次地,反复地(也说:time after time)at one time (过去)曾经,一度at a time 一次,每次at the time
5、当时,那时候at times 有时候(sometimes)for the time being 目前,暂时keep up with the times 跟上潮流,不落后于时代二、词义辨析1gentle; mild; soft的区别这组词都表示 “温和的”. 其区别是:(1)用于人时, gentle指 “举动温和”,侧重出于自我克制或对对方的体贴; mild侧重出于性格温柔; soft指 “心肠软, 言语婉转”. 例如:The boy has gentle spirit.那男孩举止文雅I think the courts are too soft with these young offende
6、rs.我认为法院对这些犯法的年轻人太宽厚了.(2)用于物时, gentle可指事物运动变化的缓和; mild指适度, 祥和, 给人愉快的感觉; soft可指物质的表面柔软,光滑或声音的温和,低小等. 例如:A warm, gentle breeze was coming from the sea.海面吹来一阵柔和的暖风.His eyes were no longer mild but glittered with a suppressed fury.他的目光不再温和, 而是迸射出压抑的怒火.2certain; sure的区别(1) sure强调主观上, 心理上所信赖的事情, 含有自信, 有把握
7、等含义. 该词还可作礼貌用语, 表示某事有可能但不太确定. 例如: Im dead sure.我绝对肯定You may be sure about his honesty.你可以确信他是诚实的I am sure of his living to 70.我确信他可以活到70岁Make sure of your facts before you accuse him.在你控诉他之前要事先确定事实Do you feel sure about it?你对此有把握吗?It is possible that he did so, but I am almost sure that he did not.他
8、有可能这么做, 但我几乎可以肯定他没有这么做.(2)certain强调无可争辩的, 有肯定的理由和不容置疑的证据. 语气上强于sure. 例如:It is certain to happen.这是一定要发生的He is certain of their loyalty.他对他们的忠心没有疑问The evidence is certain.证据确凿I think the train leaves at 8 oclock but you ought to make certain.我想火车是8点钟开, 但你还是应该确认一下.One thing was certain: the movement w
9、ould never accept a man with primarily left-wing views as Party leader.有一件事是确定的: 那就是这次运动绝不会接受持左翼观点的人做党的领袖.三、重点句型1You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea. 你倒不如站在海滩上和大海争论.may/might as well do sth.是固定句式, 意为 “还是做某事为好; 不如去做某事”, 用于提供建议或要求. 如:You may as well repeat the experiment.2
10、It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 试图与夏洛克争论是没用的.it is useless或it is (of) no use后常接动名词作真正的主语. 如:It is no use your running away.3You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted! 你刚才要的是公正, 所以你会得到公正, 比你要的还要公正.shall在此作情态动词, 与第二人称连用, 表示许诺. 如:You shall have the money as soon as
11、I get it.4Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal. 在它们的旁边放着一块垫东西的石头, 这个人有可能在上面锻造金属.本句用了全部倒装结构. Next to them是介词短语作地点状语, lay是不与物动词, a cushion stone是名词作主语, 这些都是全部倒装结构的必要条件. 如:On the stage sits a professor.upon which引出一个非限制性定语从句. 如:I saw a table in the corner, upon which la
12、y a pile of books.work此处用作与物动词, 意为 “(用手)制造或加工”. 如:The farmer is working the soil.四、语法复习Review the use of “It”一、代词 1it的基本用法是用来指代上文所提到的事物. 如:A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is.2it, that, one, the one, the ones用于指代用法时的区别:it代替上文提与的原物(复数用they); one指代上文提与的, 泛指的可数名词单数(复数ones); that指代上文提与的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词(
13、复数those), the ones相当于these, those.3指代不明身份或性别的人也用it; 指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可以用she/he.A: Whos it (knocking at the door)?B: Its me.The crowd moves on. No one tries to stop it.My car needs some more petrol. Lets fill her up.二、虚义it:虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语, 如表示时间, 天气, 距离, 温度等概念的用法.When spring comes, it is getting warmer an
14、d warmer.It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing.It is only about half an hours ride from here to my home.It looks as if the college is very small.It seemed as though our plan would be perfect.三、形式it:由于句法结构的需要, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语后置.1形式主语:不定式, 动名词以与主语从句作主语时, 为避免 “头重脚轻”, 要将真正的主语后置.It is/was difficult
15、(easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, a pleasure) (for sb.) to do sth.;1). It is/was kind (nice, wise, clever) (of ab,) to do sth.;比较:Sb. is/was angry (ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, thankful) to do sth.;2). It is
16、 better (interesting, tiring, enjoyable, funny, fun, a bore, a waste of time) doing sth.;3). It is clear (plain, true, certain, sure, obvious) that clause +陈述语气;4). It is important (necessary, strange, a pity) +that clause +(should) do;5). It is a suggestion (my with) +that clause +(should) do;6) It
17、 is ordered +that clause+(should) do;7). Ii is high/very time that we should have lunch/had lunch here.It is the first/last time that we have had lunch here (just).It is the third time that we shall have lunch here (in a moment).2形式宾语: 当不定式, 动名词, that从句作宾语, 又有自己的宾语补语时, 要用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语后置. 能够用于形式宾语
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