高中英语语法学习之名词必考考点训练.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习之名词必考考点训练单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、The of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A harmonyB . relaxationC . reliefD . ease答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:减轻疼痛很容易，但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐；B. relaxation放松；C. relief 减轻；D. ease 舒适。根据后文 “of the pain can be easily achieved but the dise

2、ase can be hardly cured可知 指减轻疼痛应用relief,应选Co2、The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A . hurricaneB . castleC . petrolD . calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C. petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。3、What we say should be consistent with what we d

3、o. There should not be in our words and actions.A . conservationB . contradictionC . consequenceD . consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护；B.contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。根据上文 What we say should be consistent解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比方，一座山脉就能成为一种典型的城邦

4、之间边界，由于希腊四处邻海一段水域也可 以成为边界。A.stretch（土地；水域）一片；一段；B.pick挑选；选择;C.profile概述；简介；D.division分开； 分隔。此处指把一段水域作为分界线，应选A。29、The organization assists people based on need and gives the top to those in the most serious andimmediate danger.A . devotionB . divisionC . potentialD . priority答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需

5、要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予优 先考虑。A. devotion 献身；B. division 分开；C. potential 潜能；D. priority 优先事项。根据后文 “those in the most serious and immediate danger指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority too应选DoDespite years of by publishers, Alice never gave up but continued writing stories.A . conclusionB .

6、 companionshipC . rejectionD . endurance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管出版商多年拒绝，爱丽丝从未放弃，而是继续写故事。A. conclusion总结，结 论；B. companionship 陪伴；C. rejection 拒绝；D. endurance 耐力。结合下文 “Alice never gave up but continued writing stories.M可知，此处是指尽管出版商拒绝，但Alice还是坚持认真写作。应选C。30、 ensures only the fittest survive to pass their g

7、enes on to the next generation.A . Virtual realityB . Wearable tech10C . Field researchD . Natural selection考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：自然选择确保只有适者生存，将基因传给下一代。A. Virtual reality虚拟现实；B. Wearable tech可穿戴技术；C. Field research实地研究；D. Natural selection自然选择。根据后文句意可知, 自然选择确定了适者生存的丛林法那么。应选D项。32、During the speech, Professor

8、 Tang stressed that everyone should have the of voluntary andcontinuous learning.A . moodB . impressionC . conceptD . remark答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：唐教授在致辞中强调，每个人都应该有自愿和持续学习的观念。A. mood情绪；B.impression E1 象；C. concept 观念；D. remark 评论。根据下文 u voluntary and continuous learning.可知，此处是指人人都要有自愿和持续学习的观念。应选C。abou

9、t my health.33、During the pandemic, my mom expressed herA . complaintB . concernC . curiosityD . doubt答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情期间，妈妈对我的健康表示担忧。A. complaint抱怨；B. concern担忧；C.curiosity好奇；D. doubt怀疑。根据前半句During the pandemic”可知，因为在疫情期间，所以空处需用名 词concern,表示妈妈对我的健康担忧。应选B。34、 People were at his sudden death. It

10、was really to them.11A . shocked; shockedB . shocked; a shockC . shocking; a shockD . shocking; shocking答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：人们对他的突然去世感到震惊。这对他们来说真是一个打击。主语是人，往往用- ed形式形容词。be shocked at对很震惊。shock作为名词，为可数名词，表示“突然而来的打击，使人震 惊的事”，前面常加不定冠词a。应选B。35、I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into when judgi

11、ng my examination.A . estimationB . accountC . thoughtD . observation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望老师在评判我的考试时能考虑到我最近生病的情况。A.estimation估计，估算；B.account 描述；C.thought 想法；D.observation 观察，评论，遵守。句子涉及短语 take sth into account, 意为“对某事加以考虑”，此处动词短语作宾语从句的谓语。应选B项。36、 All applications welcome, but preference will be give

12、n to those with diving.A . waistB . qualificationsC . salaryD . leisure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。A. waist腰部；B. qualifications资格；C.salary薪水；D. leisure休闲。根据前文“All applications welcome可知，此处指有潜水资格的人。应选B项。37、The red lanterns on the street added to the of Spring Festival.12A . deliveryB . priori

13、tyC . encounterD . atmosphere答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。A. delivery递送；B. priority优先权；C.encounter偶遇；D. atmosphere气氛。根据The red lanterns on the street可知，街上的红灯笼增加了春节 气氛。应选D项。38、His primary concern is not with his own, but he focuses on how much more he can help others, revealing （展现）a fine charac

14、ter.A . independenceB . mannerC . entertainmentD . welfare答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最关心的不是自己的幸福，而是他能帮助别人多少，展现出他的优秀品质。A. independence 独立；B. manner 方式，举止；C. entertainment 娱乐；D. welfare 福祉，福利。根据 help others和u revealing a fine character可知，他最关心的不是他自己的幸福。应选Do39、He made a good to his new school.A . ambitionB . p

15、articipationC . presentationD . adaptation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很好地适应了新学校的生活。A. ambition雄心；B. participation参与；C.presentation展示；D. adaptation适应。根据句意可知，该处指“他”进入新学校，快速地适应新环境。应选 Do40、Well, if you insist on eating so much, you will have to suffer the13A . consequencesB . exercisesC . evidenceD . exchanges答

16、案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，如果你坚持吃这么多，你将不得不承当后果。A. consequences后果；B.exercises练习；C. evidence证据；D. exchanges交换。根据句意可知，吃的太多会对健康造成不好的影响，由 此可知，应该是不得不承当“后果”。应选A项。41、 The sunset was a very beautiful.A . sightB . registrationC . nationD . volunteer答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：日落是非常美丽的景色。A. sight景色；B. registration注册；C. natio

17、n国家；D.volunteer志愿者。由上文The sunset可知，日落是美丽的景色，应选A。42、I am impressed with China s to its climate goals, evidenced by the fact we are sure of that Chinahas met its 2020 targets three years ahead of schedule.A . evolutionB . innovationC . commitmentD . qualification答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国对其气候目标的承诺给我留下了深刻印象

18、，我们确信中国提前三年实现了2020 年的目标。A.evolution 进化；B.innovation 创新；C mitment 承诺；D.qualification 资格。由 “to itsclimate goals,1可知，句子表示“中国对其气候目标的承诺”，因此空格处是“承诺”，应选C。43、 My brother is a shy boy, so it is a great for him to sing in front of the judges and audience.A . chanceB . challengeC . characteristicD . change14答案

19、：B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的弟弟是一个害羞的男孩，因此在裁判和观众面前唱歌对他来说是一个巨大的挑 战。A. chance机会；B. challenge挑战；C. characteristic特点,特征；D. change改变。根据句意可知，此处 表示弟弟害羞，当众唱歌对他是挑战。应选Bo44、Cosplay, short for costume play, is a of costume creation and role-playing, and if s a big part ofthe at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture expositi

20、on in San Diego.A . mixsceneB . mixsceneryC . confusionsceneD . confusionscenery答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cosplay (costume play的简称)是服装表演的缩写，是服装创作和角色扮演的混淆， 它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展(Comic-Con)的重要组成局部。A.mix混合scene场景；B.mix混 合,scenery 风景；C.confusion 混淆scene 场景；D.confusion 混淆,scenery 风景。由 Cosplay 和 costume creation an

21、d role-playing 可知，Cosplay 是 costume creation and role-playing 的混合，因此第一空是 mix ；由 at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego可知，它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展 (Comic-Con)的重要组成局部，动漫展是一个场景，因此第二空是scene, scenery指的是自然风景，应选A。45、To his parents5 , their son always makes them at his study.A . disappointme

22、nt; disappointedB . disappointed; disappointingC disappointing; disappointedD . disappointing; disappointment答案：A解析：考查名词和形容词。句意：令他父母失望的是，他们的儿子总是让他们对他的学习感到失望。“to one s15disappointment意为令某人失望的是”，为固定搭配，此处用名词disappointment表示“失望”作介词to 的宾语。Hbe disappointed at意为“对感到失望”，为固定搭配，形容词disappointed意为“感到失望 的”，说明人的性

23、质状态，此处作宾语them的宾语补足语；形容词disappointing （令人失望的）说明事物的性 质状态。应选A。46、The truck is carrying a of bananas, which will be sent to the north of China.A . loafB . lidC . loadD . burden答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：卡车上载着一车香蕉，这些香蕉要运往中国北方。A. loaf 一条；B. lid盖 子；C. load负载；负荷；D. burden负担。根据前文主语The truck以及后文宾语“bananas”可知,应是

24、表达卡车运载了很多香蕉。匕load of”，固定短语，意为“大量；许多；的负载”，符合语境和语义搭配。 应选C项。47、 Seeing the of my daughter playing with other kids on the beach, I felt so happy.A . sceneB . sceneryC . viewD . sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到女儿和其他孩子在海滩上玩耍的场景，我感到很高兴。A. scene场景，场面；B. scenery （自然）风景；C. view视野，（从高处看到的）景色；D. sight景象,景点。根据playing

25、with other kids on the beach可知，这里描绘的是一个孩子们玩耍的场面，应用scene。应选A。48、Malala Yousafzai, a（n）of women s rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A . inventorB . competitorC . advocateD . composer答案：C16解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：女权倡导者Malala Yousafzai成为恐怖袭击的受害者。A. inventor创造者；B.competitor 竞争者；C. advocate 拥护者,倡导者；D. c

26、omposer 创作者。根据became a victim of terroristattack.可知，Malala Yousafzai是女权的倡导者。应选C。49、 Visitors are not permitted anything without.A . touching; permitB . to touch; permitionC . to touch; permissionD . touching; allowance答案：C解析：考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示“被允许做某事”可知,短语为be permitted to do sth.；第二空

27、表示“未经允许”，应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。50、When you face the to the church, turn right.A . typeB . contextC . coverD . entrance答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你面对教堂的入口时，向右拐。A. type类型；B. context背景；C. cover封面；D.entrance入口。根据后文“to the church”指教堂入口，应用名词entrance。应选D。51、Adam wants to keep writing novels but he has too muc

28、h homework. He has difficulty finding abetween his hobbies and his study.A . balanceB . possibilityC . relationshipD . suggestion答案：A17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当想继续写小说，但他的作业太多了。他很难在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。A.balance 平衡；B. possibility 可能性；C. relationship 关系；D. suggestion 建议。根据 his hobbies和 his study可知，此处表示在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。应选

29、A。52、Our school is a beautiful campus.划线局部为 短语A.名词B.动词C .形容词D .副词答案：A解析：考查短语类型。句意：我们学校是一个美丽的校园。划线局部a beautiful campus是不定冠词a （一个）和形 容词beautiful （美丽的）作定语修饰名词campus （校园），所以划线局部是名词短语在句中作表语。应选Ao53、On Thursday we went out on an business.A . tourB . voyageC . tripD . journey答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：星期四我们去出差了。A.tou

30、r观光；B.voyage航行；C. trip出差或度假等短途旅行； Djourney不知终点的长途旅行。business trip出差、商务旅行，应选C。小提示：54、It is quite possible to understand the meaning of a new word or phrase from the.A . contextB . accentC . senseD . character答案：A解析：18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上下文中理解一个新词或短语的意思是完全可能的。A. context上下文，语境；B. accent 口音；C. sense 感觉，意识；D.

31、 character 性格。根据句意和句中understand the meaning of a new word or phrasen可知，我们应该通过“上下文”理解一个新词或短语的意思，“context”意为“上下文，语 境”，符合句意。应选A项。55、 We encourage all students to work at their own.A . outcomeB . equationC . paceD . brand答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们鼓励所有学生按照自己的节奏学习。A. outcome结果；B. equation等式；C. pace节奏；D. brand品

32、牌。根据句意，此处表达“节奏”，作介词at的宾语，用名词形式。应选C项。56、You ve got to start the to get the car going.A . investigationB . engineC . struggleD . performance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investigation调查；B.engine发动机； C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发动机。应选B。57、With top class home theatre, you can wa

33、tch the latest movies in the of your own home.A . expectationB . limitationC . appointmentD . comfort答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有一流的家庭影院，您可以在舒适的家中观看最新的电影。A. expectation期待；B. limitation 限制；C appointment 预约；D. comfort 舒适。根据With top class home theatre可知，可以在19with what we do.n可知，指言行不矛盾，应用contradiction。应选B。4、Th

34、ere is a great of information that points to him as being the person planning the accident.A . applicationB . recreationC . abundance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的信息说明他是筹划这次事故的人。A. application申请；B. recreation娱乐, 消遣；C abundance大量。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语“a great abundance of”，意为“大量的, 丰富的”，句中表示“大量的信息”，“abundance”意为“大

35、量”，名词词性。应选C项。5、Police have arrested a in a series of killing in the city.A . suspectB . conflictC . virus答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方在该市的一系列谋杀案中逮捕了嫌疑犯。A.suspect嫌疑犯；B.conflict矛盾； C.virus病毒。根据na series of killing in the city,可知此处是指抓到了一个嫌疑犯。应选A。6、 I owe you a(an)for having kept you waiting for such a long tim

36、e.A . judgmentB . argumentC . apologyD . intention答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你等了这么长时间，我该向你抱歉。A. judgment判断，判决；B. argument争论； C. apology抱歉；D. intention意图，目的。由语意可知，让你等了这么长时间，这里表达歉意，apology “道 歉”，符合题意。应选C项。舒适的家中观看最新的电影。应选D项。58、Everyone has the right to be treated withA . replyB . reviewC . respectD . range答案：

37、C考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有被尊敬对待的权利。A.reply答复；B. review复习；C. respect尊敬；D. range范围。分析可知空格处的词和with构成固定短语，做状语。根据句意C项符合语境。应选C。_59、Millions of people are suffering from starvation as a result of and poor harvests.A . juniorsB . magnitudeC . droughtD . request答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于干旱和歉收，数百万人正遭受饥饿之苦。A. juniors青少年；B.

38、 magnitude巨大； C. drought干旱；D. request要求。根据后文“and poor harvests”可知，因为干旱和歉收，所以数百万人正遭 受饥饿之苦。应选Co60、Our school is based on the basic that all students should develop their full potential.A . optionB . intelligenceC . principleD . structure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校基于的基本原那么是所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力。A. option选项；B. i

39、ntelligence智力；C. principle原那么；D. structure结构。根据句意可知，“所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的 潜力”应该是学校的基本原那么，“principle”意为“原那么”，名词词性，符合句意。应选C项。2061、 Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire! the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A . angerB . confusionC . regretD . panic答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!”母亲喊道，声音里明显

40、流露出恐慌。A.anger愤 怒，生气；B.confusion困惑；C. reg ret后悔，遗憾；D.panic惊慌,恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲 是恐慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：62、In a conversation between two persons, 65% of is done through body language.A . informationB . pronunciationC . introductionD . communication答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：在两个人的对话中，65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。Alnform

41、ation信息；B: pronunciation 发音；Cintroduction 介绍；Diommunication 交流。根据 uin a conversation （在对话中）”可 知是进行交流。应选Do63、The little girl shows a great for music.A . careerB . talentC . connectionD . power答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩展示出了在音乐方面的天赋。A. career职业；B. talent天赋；C.connection联系；D. power权利。show/have a talen for“

42、在某方面有天赋”为固定短语，符合句意。应选B项。2164、When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A . comparisonB . accumulationC . interventionD . conservation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个 针对学业需求的特定工程 o A.

43、comparison 比照；B. accumulation 积累；C. intervention 干预；D. conservation 保护。由When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or mathn 可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或 数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，应选C。65、一I am so lucky having you as my English teacher. Having a good teacher like you has made much of a for me.一T

44、hanks for saying so, but as I see it, your success was largely due to your own hard work.A . differenceB . dealC . decisionD . point答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：我很幸运有你是我的英语老师。有一个像你这样的好老师对我产生 了很大的影响。谢谢你这么说，但在我看来，你的成功在很大程度上是由于你自己的努力。A. difference 不同；B. deal交易；C. decision决定；D. point要点。短语make a difference,意为

45、“有影响”，根据句意， 应选A。66、 I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A . attemptB . attackC . thrillD . border答案：A22解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B. attack攻击；C. thrill激 动；D. border边界。in one1 s attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据ul failed可知，是试图说服，但失败。故 选Ao67、Literally, overcapacity （产能过乘 11） press

46、ured operating margins （利润），impacting players that lack scale or management to reduce costs.A . stabilityB . fluencyC . persistenceD . expertise答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，产能过剩给运营利润率带来了压力，影响了那些缺乏规模或管理经验以降 低本钱的企业。A. stability稳定性；B. fluency流畅性；C. persistence坚持，持久性；D. expertise专长，专门 知识。management expertise为

47、固定短语，意为“管理才干”，符合句意。应选D。68、She s battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A . complaintB . consequenceC . conscienceD . composition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨； B. consequence 结果；C. conscience 良/5；D. composition 成分。 根据 whether to tell the police w

48、hat she saw.”可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。69、Hangzhou is such an city that it often makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A . impressed, impressionB . impressing , impression23C . impressive, impressD . impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是吸 弓|着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive ”令人难忘的”，可以用于人，也可 以用于物一 ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressin