高中英语语法学习之名词易混淆知识点.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习之名词易混淆知识点单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）L When you face the to the church, turn right.A . typeB . contextC . coverD . entrance答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你面对教堂的入口时，向右拐。A. type类型；B. context背景；C. cover封面；D. entrance入口。根据后文“to the church”指教堂入口,应用名词entrance。应选D。2、A short from Cusco takes you from Andes into th

2、e Amazon rainforest.A . fightB . flightC . frightD . failure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从库斯科乘坐短途飞机把你从安第斯山脉带进亚马逊雨林。A. fight打架；B. flight 飞行；C. fright 惊吓；D. failure 失败。根据 takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest可知,此处表 示乘坐飞机。应选B项。3、Our school is a beautiful campus.划线局部为 短语A.名词B .动词C .形容词D .副词答案：A解析：考查短语类型

3、。句意：我们学校是一个美丽的校园。划线局部a beautiful campus是不定冠词a （一个）和形 容词beautiful （美丽的）作定语修饰名词campus （校园），所以划线局部是名词短语在句中作表语。应选A。解析: 考查名词。句意：该公司饲养了 200头牛以获取肉或奶。表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head,单复数同形， cattle “牛”是集体名词，单复数同形，200 head of cattle表示“200头牛”。应选B。28、 Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration.A collectionB . o

4、rientationC . inspirationD . resource答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B. orientation 方向；信仰；C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。根据and ninety-nine percent perspiration,可知，天才 需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。29、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A . argumentB

5、 . resourceC . performanceD . authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。Argument理由；B.resource资 源；C. performance表演；D. authority当权者。根据for doing nothing.n可知，不知道未来会发生什么并不 是什么都不做的理由。应选A项。小提示：30、Organize all the information you have collected according to your.A . outcomeB . outgoingC . outlineD .

6、 output答案：C10解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据你的提纲要点组织你收集到的所有信息。A. outcome结果；B. outgoing外出； C. outline提纲，概要；D. output输出。根据句意可知，根据提纲概要，组织所有信息，逻辑合理。应选C项。31、We ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional.A . interestB . attitudeC . competenceD . reputation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直认为Smith博士为

7、人正直，专业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文high professional可知，Smith博士专业能力强。应选C项。32、In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A . defendB . defendsC . defenceD . defending答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence of ”保护，为了保卫”，后常接名 词作宾语。应选C项。33

8、、 I want to know the sporting that catch the people s attention in China.A . accidentsB . eventsC . incidentsD . occasion答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国引起人们关注的体育赛事。A.accident意外、意外事故；B.event大11事、公开活动、比赛工程；Coincident事故、事件；D.occasion场合。分析句子可知，本句所谈到的是体育赛 事、体育活动，应选B。34、Our class held a fierce as to whether to

9、 reduce the amount of homework or not.A bargainB . contestC . debateD . campaign答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A. bargain减价品，廉价货；B.contest比赛，竞赛；C. debate辩论，讨论；D. campaign（有计划的）活动，运动。根据主语为“Our class（我们 班）”以及后文“whether to reduce the amount of homework or not（是否要减少作业量）”可知，此处应是一场 班级内部的辩论。应选C项。3

10、5、 Its a pity that her suggestion met with.A rejectionB . expectationC . distinctionD . cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:太遗憾了，她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对；B.expectation期待;C.distinction差异；D.cooperation合作。根据Its a pity that ”可知建议遭到反对。应选A。36、 I want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.A . some jewelB . a pie

11、ce of jewelC . a jewelleryD . a piece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰，侧重指首饰,为不可数名词，表示“一件珠宝”应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。1237、People who do not smoke have less of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.A . potentialB . causeC . hopeD . choice解析

12、: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. potential可能性；潜在性；B. cause 原因；C. hope希望；D. choice选择。结合语境可知，句中将“不吸烟的人”与“吸烟的人”在患肺癌方面的 可能性（大小）方面进行了比拟。uhave potential of doing sth,固定短语，意为“有做某事的可能性”， 符合语境搭配。应选A项。38、They certainly need a of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaboraterequ

13、ires understanding how these roles work together.A . stabilityB . graspC . acknowledgementD . manner答案：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协同 工作的。A. stability坚定；B. grasp掌握、领会；C. acknowledgement成认；D. manner举止。根据空后的“ofthe fundamentals of playing their instruments可知此处用 a grasp of 表示“掌握，应选 Bo

14、39、 r m writing to ask you to do me a.A . trunkB . favourC . conceptD . counter答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。A. trunk树干；B. favour帮助；C concept概念；D.counter 柜台。根据上文 T m writing to ask you to do me a” 指帮某人一个忙，应用 do sb. a favouro 应选 Bo1340、After a careful survey, the hurricane of the house, which was n

15、ot that severe, compared withneighboring ones, was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.A . effectsB . damageC . ruinsD . crash答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细的调查，飓风对这所房子的破坏，与邻近的房子相比并不严重，估计为 1000 美元。A. effects 影响；B. damage 损害、损坏；C. ruins 废墟；D. crash 撞车。根据 was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars可知此处在评估飓风对这

16、所房子的破坏程度，应选B。41、 Its not necessary to buy any special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A . entertainmentB . announcementC . equipmentD . disappointment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐； B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。 由 Just a pair of good run

17、ning shoes will do可知，句子说“不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了”，因此空格处是“设备”，即 equipment,应选 C。42、While the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was under construction, how to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top.A . concernsB . trendsC . characteristicsD . preferences答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管青藏铁路在建设中，但是如何保护脆弱的生态环境列在了最大的担忧之列

18、。A.14 concerns担忧；B. trends潮流；C. characteristics特征；D. preferences偏好。根据常识可知，对生态环境的破 坏问题是公众所担忧的问题，只有A项符合语义逻辑，应选A项。43、In the of proof, the police could not take action against the man.A . lackB . shortageC . absenceD . failure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有证据的情况下，警方不能对那个人采取行动。A. lack缺少，多用于缺乏信心、 经验缺乏等场景；B. shorta

19、ge短缺，指缺乏，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或应有的数量；C absence缺 席，指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场；D. failure失败。根据后文“of proof, the police could not take action against the man表示事物根本不存在或完全短缺，应用absence,应选C。44、The lucky man had a narrow in series of accidents the other day.A . escapeB . claimC . lackD . limit答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，

20、这个幸运的人在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B. claim声称；C. lack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。45、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A . distributionB . possessionC . professionD . platform答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. di

21、stribution分布，分发；15B. possession 拥有，持有；C. profession 职业；D. platform 平台。结合空后的throughout the country15 可知, 此处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。46、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A . qualificationB . preferenceC . expectationD . blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.p

22、reference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo47、Some cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A . assumption; apply toB . thought; apply toC . assuming; apply forD . idea; apply for答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.ass

23、umption 认为；apply to 适用；B. thought 想法；apply to 适用；C. assuming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申 请；D. idea想法；apply for申请。根据句意,第一空应填名词assumption “认为”作宾语，that引导的同位 语从句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示“适用”为固定短语apply to。应选A。48、Through that window of the soul , the eye, I can only “see” through my fingertips the of a face.A . criticismB

24、. outlineC . gentlenessD . pace答案：B 解析:16 考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过“灵魂之窗”的眼睛，我只能通过指尖“看到”一张脸的轮廓。A.criticism批 评；B. outline轮廓；C.gentleness温柔；D. pace节奏。分析句意可知，此空意为“轮廓”，名词outline意为“轮廓”，see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。49、No, no injuries.A . deadB . deathC . deathsD . dying答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B. death死亡；C. d

25、eaths死亡（复数）；D. dying临死的。 分析句子可知，“no”为形容词，意为“（一个也）没有“，后接名词，“death”意为“死亡”，为可数名 词，根据句中“injuries”可知，空格处应用“death”的复数形式“deaths”。应选C项。50、 We may meet in our senior high school life, but we will never give up.A . descriptionsB . momentsC . challengesD . exchanges答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。

26、A. descriptions描述；B. moments 片刻；C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中 “we will never give upn 可知,我们 应该是遇到“挑战”，但不放弃，“challenge”意为“挑战”，名词词性，“challenges”为其复数形式,在 句中作宾语。应选C项。51、 Applying for jobs can be a long and painful.A . processB . benefitC . positionD . climate答案：A17 考查名词辨析。句意：求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。

27、A. process过程；B. benefit益处；C. position位 置；D. climate气候。根据Applying for jobs可知，求职是一个过程，应选A。52、 They make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A transportB . vehicleC . transportationD . vehicles答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle 车

28、辆，运载工具；C. transportation 运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space可知,他们制 造运载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。53、When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A . wrongB . troubleC . faultD . difficulty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A

29、. wrong坏事； B. trouble麻烦；C fault故障；D. difficulty困难。由语意可知，发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出故障了。固 定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。54、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries.A . tensionB . regulationC . processD . affection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国

30、际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension18紧张；B. regulation 规那么；C. process 过程；D. affection 喜欢。根据下文which might bring an end to conflicts between countries可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。应选A。55、Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at anearly stage.A . approvalB . applica

31、tionC . approachD . appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成，同意；B. application申请，应用；C. approach方式，方法；D. appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示“应用”。应选B项。56、Lily, why dont join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. Its a very kind, but I have to fi

32、nish my task.A . decisionB . promiseC . choiceD . offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：-莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？-谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好的提议，但 我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定；B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文Lily, why dont join us for camping?,可知这时一个提议，应选 Do57、You must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A expla

33、nationsB . introductionsC . constrictionsD . instructions答案：D 解析:194、请选出与单词“resource”匹配的释义。A .材料B .解释C.资源D .知识答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。resource意思是资源，应选Co5、 Mr. Moses was once the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than a A . retired anthropologistB . retiring anthropologyC

34、 . retired architectD . retiring architecture答案：C解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的 建筑师。表示“退休的”应用过去分词转换的形容词retired ； architect “建筑师”，architecture “建筑”，根 据上文 the head of World Architectural Association 可知，此处是指一个建筑师，应用 architect 表达,retired architect ”退休建筑师”。应选C。6、They are building t

35、he bridge in with another company.A . constructionB . comparisonC . contrastD . association答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在和另一个公司合作修建桥。A.construction修建，构造；B parison比 较；C.contrast比照；D.association合伙。根据句意,本句考查固定短语搭配in association with意为“和合作”。应选D项。考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B. introduc

36、tions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩；D. instructions 说明。*艮据句中take the right amount of medicine 可推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示“说明，说明书”，符合句意。应选D项。58、 Sometimes a strong others attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A . passion for, adjustment toB . devotion to; compassion inC . fascination with; ap

37、proach toD . desire for; lack of答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passion for对的 强烈爱好，adjustment to对的调整；B.devotion to致力于，compassion in对的同情；C. fascination with对的迷恋，approach to做的方法；D.desire for对的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识， 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。59、r d love to, but I have a(an)wi

38、th my doctor.A . appointmentB . certificateC . sympathyD . basement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想去，但是我和我的医生有约。A. appointment约会；预约；B. certificate iJE 明；证明书；C. sympathy同情；D. basement地下室。根据后文“my doctor(我的医生)”可知，“我”应是与 医生约好了。 “have an appointment with sb.，固定短语，“与某人有约定(预约)。应选A项。60、Finding information in today* s

39、 world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is20useful or not.A . contextB . challengeC . competitionD . stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A.context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is

40、useful or not.n可知,如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。61、The coach has in his athletes.A . confidenceB . competenceC . convenienceD . expectation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心；B petence能力；C.convenience方便；D.expectation期望。由The coach和his athletes可知，句子表示“教练对他的运发动有 信心，have confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为“对

41、某人有信心”，应选A。62、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be indanger.A . representativesB . operatorsC . generationsD . candidates答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表；operators经营者；C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意，后代将会处

42、于危险之中。应选C。63、一Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.21 OK, I will.A . abilityB . habitC . powerD . attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯；power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的“能力”范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。 “ability”意为“能力”，名词词性,符合句意。应选A项。64、J.K. Rowling, the of Harry

43、Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A . carB . hintC . posterD . author答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者JK罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B. hint暗示；C. poster海报；D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知，J.K. Rowling是哈利波特的作者，用名词author, 意为“作者”。应选D项。65、My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A .

44、 driverB . dancerC . teacherD . writer答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师“她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师；D. writer作家。根据句中She teaches history very welln可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此 她是一名教师。应选C项。66、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.22A . eleme

45、ntsB . seasonC . factorsD . climate答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发，市民们正勇敢地接受核酸检测。A. elements 要素；B. season季节；C. factors因素；D. climate气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests表示勇敢做某 事”应用 brave the elements too 应选 Ao67、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A . attentionB

46、 . attractionC . appointmentD . arrangement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attention注意力；B. attraction 有吸弓I 力的事物；C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing millions of visitors every year可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为“旅游景点”。应选B项。68、 To solve the problem, the engineer

47、s tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A . approachesB . statementsC . ranksD . associations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A. approaches方法；B. statements陈述；声明；C. ranks等级；级别；D. associations协会；联盟。根据前文目 的状语“Tosoh/e the problem（为了解决问题）”可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。69、The pr

48、ogram is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A . accessB . passageC . wayD . approach23答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触； B.passage通道；Cway方式;D.approach方法。根据access to （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。故 选Ao70、In a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A . challengeB . scheduleC . opportunityD . debate答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上