高中英语语法学习之名词易错知识点总结.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习之名词易错知识点总结单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）L 一Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A . recipeB . recordC . rangeD . receipt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀；record 记录；C. range 范围,界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文for happiness and a

2、long life及 Living every day to the full, definitely可知，此处指“秘诀”。应选 A 项。2、You should have asked for your parents before you go out for a whole night.A permissionB . excitementC . admissionD . encouragement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitement激动；admission 成认；D. encouragement

3、 鼓励。根据空后 “ before you go out for a whole night.” 可知，因为要 外出待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。3、 It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A . functionB . requestC . processD . honour答案：D 解析:解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B.applicants

4、 申请人，求职者；C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文 “Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees” 可知此处指求职者应征,应用 applicants。应选 Bo28、The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A . commentB . decisionC . impressionD . effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意:老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论；B.decision

5、决定；C.impression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)”可知为评论的具 体内容，固定短语make a comment on对做出评论。应选A。29、 We should respect the people1 s religious.A . blossomB . beliefC . poetD . award答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B. belief信仰；C. poet诗人；D. award奖励。由religious可知，

6、此处指“宗教信仰”。应选B项。30、Linda gave us a vivid of her trip to Mount Lushan after her return.A . directionB . explanationC . imaginationD . account答案：D解析：10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达回来后给我们生动地描述了她的庐山之行。A.direction方向；B.explanation M 释；C.imagination想象力；D.account描述。由“of her trip to Mount Lushan”可知，句子表示“琳达回来后 给我们生动地描述了她的庐山

7、之行”，空格处是“描述”，应选D。31、 Mum, s Little Bank was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A . emergenciesB . proposalsC . functionsD . individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的“小银行”被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.emergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.fu

8、nctions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文“例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时”可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies “紧急情况”符合句意，应选择A项。32、The US said it was ready to join the between the six countries and Iran.A . translationB . determinationC . definitionD . negotiation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国表示，它已准备好参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。A. translation翻译；

9、B.determination 决心；C. definition 定义；D. negotiation 谈判。根据between the six countries and Iran.” 可知, 此处表示参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。应选D。33、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, theSunday Parade of Citizens, and so on.A . collectionsB . attractionsC . relationsD .

10、occasions11答案：B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个城市的吸弓I人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市民 游行等等。A. collections 收集；B. attractions 吸引；C. relations 关系；D. occasions 场合。根据后文 “of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so onn可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处,应用colle

11、ctions。应选B。34、The of a passage gives readers very important information about the main idea of it.A . titleB . homeworkC . houseworkD . panic答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B. homework家庭作业；C. housework家务；D. panic惊恐。根据the main idea ”可知，此处表示文章的标题。 应选Ao35、 “The next station is B

12、ank! comes the. Thaf s my destination.A . movementB . announcementC . techniqueD . documentary答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：广播传来“下一站是银行站!”。那是我的目的地。A.movement运动，活动； B.announcement 公告，通告，广播；C.technique 技术；D.documentary 记录电影节目。根据 The next station is Bank!可知这是广播的通知。应选B项。36、一I want you both to be on your best at Gr

13、andad5 s.OK, we will, Mum.12A . opportunityB . struggleC . behaviorD . purpose答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会；B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告 诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。37、We have entered into age humans are concerned about animal welfare.A . thatB . whenC

14、. whichD . while答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了关心动物福利的时代。先行词age,后接限定性定语从句，先行词在从 句中作时间状语，应用关系副词引导从句。应选B项。38、High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A . AgreementsB . EnvironmentsC . InstrumentsD . Achievements答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境；C

15、. Instruments 仪器，工具；D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法，意为“四大创造”。应选D项。39、The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A . constitutionB . affectionC . conservationD . production13答案：C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成,

16、组成；B. affection喜爱；C. conservation保护；D. production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选Co40、The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.A . declarationB . gravityC . procedureD . porcelain答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员坚持说，迈克尔在申请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布；B. gravity重力；C. procedure程序；D

17、. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa可知，签证要按照程序申请。应选Co41、The first week was a little confusing.以上句子中黑体加粗的是.A .名词短语B .形容词短语C .介词短语D .副词短语答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。42、Since you have no child after ten years marriage, you d better a child from loca

18、l governmentfor.A . adapt; companyB . adapt; friendC . adopt; friendD . adopt; company14答案：D 解析: 考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：既然你婚后十年没有孩子，你最好从当地政府收养一个孩子做伴。adapt v.适应；adopt v.收养；company n,陪伴；friend n.朋友。根据 you have no child after ten years1 marriage可知，第一空是建议收养(adopt)一个孩子，第二空表示收养孩子的目的，for company为固定搭配，表示“做伴”。应选D项。o

19、f a newspaper.43、I think he was born to be an/aA . sweatB . editorC . helicopterD . whistle答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A. sweat汗水；B. editor编辑；C. helicopter直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知，此处指报纸编辑。应选Bo44、The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A

20、. conceptB . crewC . competenceD . cruelty解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员，全体机组人员；C. competence能力；D. cruelty残忍,残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience” 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。45、The map shows the to the base of the mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A . routeB . prospec

21、tC . gesture15解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张地图展示了到山脚的路线，一个小时就能到达。A. route路线；B. prospect前 景；C. gesture姿势。根据句中“which can be reached in an hour”可知，地图应该是展示了到山脚的路线， 沿着这条路线，一个小时就能到达山脚，route”意为“路线”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。46、 The on his face suggested that he was a little nervous.A . instructionB . expressionC . attitudeD . be

22、havior答案：B解析：考查名词。句意:他脸上的表情说明他有点紧张。A.instruction用法说明；B.expression表情；C.attitude态度； D.behavior行为。根据下文“ofhisface （他脸上的）”可知说的是表情，应选择B项。47、Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.A . advantageB . focusC . companyD . anger答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. ad

23、vantage优点；B. focus焦 点；C. company公司，陪伴；D. anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品平安，应选B项。48、 Every Cannon digital camera we sell comes with a two-year.A . guaranteeB . safetyC . protectionD . promise答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我们出售的每台佳能数码相机都有两年的保修期。A. guarantee保修；B. safety平安；16C protection 保护；D. promise 承诺。根据 uCannon digital ca

24、mera we selln 及 “two-year” 可知，出售的相 机产品会有保修期。应选A。49、The sunrise is a beautiful in the morning.A traditionB . gravityC . sceneD . dessert答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B. gravity重力；C.scene景色；D. dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。50、More and more travelers are looking for bed and

25、 breakfast in private rooms.A . accommodationB . occupationC . equipmentD . furniture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的旅行者于私家住房中寻求带有早餐的住宿。A. accommodation住宿；B. occupation工作；C. equipment设备；D. furniture家具。根据句意,此处指“住宿”，应该用名词 accommodation在介词for后作宾语。应选A项。51、I would appreciate if I could have the of giving a speec

26、h here.A . it ； honourB . that ； honourC . it ； gloryD . that ； glory答案：A解析：考查代词it和名词辨析。句意：如果我荣幸在这里作演讲我将不胜感激。I would appropriate it if“如果 将不胜感激”是固定句型，it是形式宾语，honour ”荣誉；面子；荣幸”侧重于指高尚的行为，比方忠诚，诚 实而受到赞誉，可表示“被引以为荣的人或物”。have the honour of doing sth. “有幸做某事，glory “光荣”17侧重于获得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位。根据句意，此处表示“引以为傲的事情”

27、。应选A。52、 As you know, the of any species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A . evolutionB . conclusionC . appreciationD . association答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A.evolution 进化；B. conclusion 结论；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. association 联盟。根据句中的 “species（物种）”

28、可知，“evolution进化”符合句意。应选A。53、The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A . broadcasts . strategyC . contributionD . neighborhood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。Abroadcast广播；B.strategy策略； C.contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选 Do54、As an experienced cook, her main

29、cooking is to use only fresh ingredients.A . innovationB . philosophyC . trendD . sample答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的厨师，她的主要烹饪哲学是只使用新鲜的食材。A. innovation18 创新；B. philosophy 哲学；C. trend 趋势；D. sample 样本。根据 “is to use only fresh ingredients可知,空处 应使用名词philosophy,表达“哲学、理念”之意，其他选项不符合题意。应选B项。55、 His business

30、was very successful, but it was at the of his family life.A . expenseB . possessionC . wisdomD . fashion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的生意非常成功，但却以家庭生活为代价。A. expense花费；B. possession财富； C wisdom智慧；D. fashion时尚。短语at the possession of,意为“在牺牲（或损害）的情况下”，结合 句意及句中but可知，此处指他的生意的成功以牺牲家庭为代价，应选A。56、In the picture there ar

31、e many and two.A . sheep; foxesB . sheeps; foxC . sheeps; foxesD . sheep;foxs答案：A解析：考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知sheep用复数形式， sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxes。应选A项。57、The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious was ever made to realize it.A . achievementB . comm

32、entC . attemptD . credit答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个计划是如此浅薄和不切实际，以至于从来没有人认真尝试去实现它。A.achievement 成就；B. comment 评论；C. attempt 尝试；D. credit 信用。根据 “The plan was so shallow and impractical”可知，没有人进行认真的尝试来实现这个计划。应选C。19 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝被邀请在许多著名的科学家面前演讲深感荣幸。A. function功能；B. request 请求；C. process 过程；D. honour 荣幸。根据 b

33、e invited to speak in front of many famous scientists可知， 对爱丽丝而言，这是莫大的荣幸。应选D。4、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makesTV a decoration of the house.A analysisB . appetiteC . incidentD . appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这

34、使得电视成为了家里的一 种装饰。A. analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣,欲望；C. incident 事件；D. appreciation 欣赏。根据 which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。5、 I have decided to take the entrance examinations to college.一Wish you.A . a luckB . a good luckC . luckD . a success答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：我已经决

35、定参加大学入学考试了。祝你好运。success表示“成功”时，为抽 象概念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck “祝你好 运”。应选Co6、We waited for them to give us the to move.A . symbolB . signalC . signD . mark58、He, who had been granted （准许）an of his contract with the club for another two years, was overthe moon.A . visionB .

36、 extensionC . assumptionD . consumption答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被俱乐部准许将合同再延长两年，这真是太高兴了。A. vision视力、视野；B. extension延长；C. assumption假定；D. consumption消费、消耗量。根据句意可知，合同续约了，他非常高 兴，因此合同延长符合语境。应选B项。59、Much to my, the city has developed rapidly over the years.A . amazeB . amazedC . amazementD . amazing答案：C解析：考查名词

37、。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语t。one s amazement,意为“令某人吃惊的是”，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。小提示：60、Though there is a long between Tom and his family, they don, t feel.A distance; distanceB . distant; distantC . distance; distantD . distant; distance答案：C解析：考查名词和动词。句意：虽然汤姆和他的家人之间距离很远，但他们并不感到疏远。long是形容词

38、，修饰名词, 因此第一空是名词distance,前面有a,因此空格处用单数，feel是感官动词，其后跟形容词作表语，因此第 二空是distanto应选C。2061、The media are filled with about what roles women should play in society.A . crisisB . conventionC . stereotypesD . substances答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充满着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B.convention 习俗；C. stereotypes 亥板印象

39、；D. substances 物质。由 what roles women should play in society 可 知，媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。应选c项。62、The of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A . harmonyB . relaxationC . reliefD . ease答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：减轻疼痛很容易，但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐；B. relaxation放松；C. relief 减轻；D. ea

40、se 舒适。根据后文 “of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured” 可知 指减轻疼痛应用relief,应选Co63、The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A . hurricaneB . castleC . petrolD . calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C. petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王

41、子一般住在城堡里。应选B。64、What we say should be consistent with what we do. There should not be in our words and actions.21A . conservationB . contradictionC . consequenceD . consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护；B. contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。根据上文

42、What we say should be consistent with what we do.”可知，指言行不矛盾，应用contradictiono应选Bo65、There is a great of information that points to him as being the person planning the accident.A . applicationB . recreationC . abundance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的信息说明他是筹划这次事故的人。A. application申请；B. recreation娱乐, 消遣；C. abun

43、dance大量。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“a great abundance of”，意为“大量的. 丰富的”，句中表示“大量的信息”，“abundance”意为“大量”，名词词性。应选C项。66、You d better make extra copies of this important file in case you need it for future.A . preferenceB . potentialC . referenceD . reservation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把这局部重要文件额外复制一下，以备将来参考需要。A.preference

44、偏爱； B.potential潜力；C.reference参考；D.reservation预定。结合句意可知，“reference参考”符合句意，应选择 C项。67、 I owe you a(an)for having kept you waiting for such a long time.A . judgmentB . argumentC . apologyD . intention22答案：C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你等了这么长时间，我该向你抱歉。A. judgment判断，判决；B. argument争论； C. apology抱歉；D. intention意图，目的。由语

45、意可知，让你等了这么长时间，这里表达歉意，apology “道 歉”，符合题意。应选C项。68、The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A . protestB . protectC . projectD . propose答案：C解析：考查名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C.project方案（名词）；计划（动词）；D. propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a

46、可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词“project方案”符合句意。应选C。69、The government has taken some to solve the problem.A . measuresB . atomsC . novelsD . peppers答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府已经采取了一些措施来解决这个问题。A. measures措施；B. atoms原子；C.novels小说；D. peppers甜椒。由uto solve the problemn可知，此处指采取措施解决问题。应选A项。70、Going from junior mi

47、ddle school to senior middle school is really a big.A . challengeB . strategyC . experimentD . accommodation答案：A23解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战。A.challenge挑战；B.strategy策略； .experiment 实验；D.accommodation 住宿。由 “Going from junior middle school to senior middle school 可 知，句子表示“从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战”，空格处是“挑战

48、”，是challenge,应选A。71、He is living of the wonders of modern medicine.A . comebackB . philosophyC . proofD . belief答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是现代医学奇迹的活生生的证明。A. comeback复出，东山再起；B. philosophy 生活信条；C. proof证明；D. belief信仰。根据后文uthe wonders of modern medicine可知，他是现代医学 奇迹的证明。应选C项。72、 As can be seen, in the fierce competition, honesty is a vital of her success.A . evidenceB . criterionC . conceptD . element答案：D解析：考