高中英语语法学习之名词知识点梳理.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习之名词知识点梳理单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）I am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good of direction.A . ideaB . feelingC . experienceD . sense答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信大卫能找到图书馆。他的方向感很好。A. idea想法；B. feeling感情；C. experience经历；D. sense感觉。结合后文of direction表示“方向感”短语为a sense of directio

2、n。应选D。1、 All the indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.A . evidenceB . factC . factorD . cause答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的证据都说明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据；B. fact事实； C. factor 因素；D. cause 原因。由下文indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.可知，证据表 明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系，所以此处表示“证据”，应用evi

3、dence,应选A。3、For countries such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the.A . politicsB . historyC . geographyD . economy答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于哥斯达黎加、肯尼亚和尼泊尔等国来说，生态旅游是经济的重要组成局部。A. politics政治；B. history历史；C. geography地理;D. economy经济。根据语意分析,可知生态旅游与经济有A . consequencesB . exerc

4、isesC . evidenceD . exchanges答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：好吧，如果你坚持吃这么多，你将不得不承当后果。A. consequences后果；B. exercises练习；C. evidence证据；D. exchanges交换。根据句意可知，吃的太多会对健康造成不好的影响，由 此可知，应该是不得不承当“后果”。应选A项。28、The sunset was a very beautiful.A . sightB . registrationC . nationD . volunteer答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：日落是非常美丽的景色。A. sigh

5、t景色；B. registration注册；C. nation国家；D. volunteer志愿者。由上文“The sunset”可知，日落是美丽的景色，应选A。29、Considering its convenience and wide application, the investors are becoming increasingly excited about the future of the new digital device.A . expenseB . prospectC . propertyD . profit答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的方便性和广泛

6、应用性，投资者对这种新型数字设备的未来前景越来越兴 奋。A. expense费用；B. prospect前景；C.property财产,所有物；D. profit利润。根据句意可知，因为它的 方便性和广泛应用性，投资者应该是看好这种新型数字设备的未来前景，prospect意为前景”，名词词 性，符合句意。应选B项。30、Now that some endangered species are disappearing from the world at an alarming speed, if s crucial to10 raise people s of protecting our p

7、lanet.A . comprehensionB . consciousnessC . conscience答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于一些濒危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，提高人们保护地球的意识至关重 要。A. comprehension理解力；B. consciousness意识,观念；C. conscience良心，良知。根据句意可知，濒 危物种正以惊人的速度从世界上消失，由此可知，应该提高人们保护地球的意识，“consciousness”意为“意 识，观念”，名词词性，raise one* s consciousness of -n意为“提高某人的意识”。应选B项。31

8、、 I hold a firm that the visiting team （客队）will lose.A . dietB . strengthC . beliefD . award答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意:我坚信客队会输。A.diet饮食；B.strength强度；C.belief信念；D.award奖励。分析句 子可知，根据that the visiting team （客队）will lose可知此处表示“信念、相信”，应选C项。小提示：32、Cosplay, short for costume play, is a of costume creation and role-p

9、laying, and if s a big part ofthe at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego.A . mixsceneB . mixsceneryC . confusion-sceneD . confusionscenery答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cosplay （costume play的简称）是服装表演的缩写，是服装创作和角色扮演的混淆， 它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展（Comic-Con）的重要组成局部。A.mix混合scene场景；B.mix混11 合scenery 风景

10、；C.confusion 混淆,scene 场景；D.confusion 混淆scenery 风景。由 Cosplay 和 costume creation and role-playing 可知，Cosplay 是 costume creation and role-playing 的混合， 因此第一空是 mix ；由 at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego可知，它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展 (Comic-Con)的重要组成局部，动漫展是一个场景，因此第二空是scene, scenery指的是自然风景，

11、应选A。33、To his parents , their son always makes them at his study.A . disappointment; disappointedB . disappointed; disappointingC . disappointing; disappointedD . disappointing; disappointment答案：A解析：考查名词和形容词。句意：令他父母失望的是，他们的儿子总是让他们对他的学习感到失望。toone s disappointment意为令某人失望的是”，为固定搭配，此处用名词disappointment表示

12、“失望”作介词to 的宾语。ube disappointed at意为对感到失望”，为固定搭配，形容词disappointed意为“感到失望 的”，说明人的性质状态，此处作宾语them的宾语补足语；形容词disappointing (令人失望的)说明事物的性 质状态。应选A。34、The truck is carrying a of bananas, which will be sent to the north of China.A . loafB . lidC . loadD . burden答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：卡车上载着一车香蕉，这些香蕉要运往中国北方。A.

13、loaf 一条；B.lid盖 子；C load负载；负荷；D. burden负担。根据前文主语The truck1,以及后文宾语“bananas”可知,应是 表达卡车运载了很多香蕉。a load of”，固定短语，意为“大量；许多；的负载”，符合语境和语义搭配。 应选C项。35、 Study shows that there is strong between physical punishment and the IQ.12A . connectionB . conditionC . organizationD . cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究说明体罚和智

14、商之间有很强的关联。A. connection关联，关系；B. condition 条件，状况；C. organization组织；D. cooperation合作。结合句意可知,此处指研究说明两者之间有“关 联”。应选A项。36、The country was thrown into by the President7 s sudden death.A . chorusB . chaosC . circleD . claim答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A. chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B. chaos混乱，混沌；C. circle圆圈，周期

15、；D. claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常 是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。37、 Malala Yousafzai, a(n)of women s rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A . inventorB . competitorC . advocateD . composer答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女权倡导者Malala Yousafzai成为恐怖袭击的受害者。A. inventor创造者；B. competitor 竞争者；C. advocate 拥护者,倡导者；D. comp

16、oser 创作者。根据became a victim of terrorist attack,可知，Malala Yousafzai是女权的倡导者。应选C。38、 Visitors are not permitted anything without.A . touching; permitB . to touch; permition13C to touch; permissionD . touching; allowance答案：C解析：考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示“被允许做某事”可知,短语为 be permitted to do sth.；第二空表

17、示“未经允许”，应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。39、When you face the to the church, turn right.A . typeB . contextC . coverD . entrance答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你面对教堂的入口时，向右拐。A. type类型；B. context背景；C. cover封面；D. entrance AD o根据后文uto the church指教堂入口，应用名词entrance。应选D。40、Adam wants to keep writing novels but he has too mu

18、ch homework. He has difficulty finding a between his hobbies and his study.A . balanceB . possibilityC . relationshipD . suggestion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当想继续写小说，但他的作业太多了。他很难在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。A. balance 平衡;B. possibility 可能性；C. relationship 关系；D. suggestion 建议。根据 his hobbies和 his study可知，此处表示在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。应选

19、A。41、 In the past few years, we ve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international.A . considerationB . standardC . rewardD . recognition14答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我们看到中国科幻作家的作品赢得了国际奖项。A. consideration 考虑；B. standard标准；C. reward奖励，奖项；D.recognition识别。由语意可知作品赢得了国际奖项。应选C 项。42、Will it suit

20、 your that we meet at 7.00 o clock this evening?A . satisfactionB . appointmentC . delightD . convenience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction满意；B.appointment约会，预约， 约定；C.delight高兴；D.convenience方便。分析可知，名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit的宾语。故 选D项。43、Please mind your in public.A . behaviorB . reflect

21、ionC . creativityD . sculpture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共场合请注意你的举止。A. behavior行为，举止；B. reflection深思；C. creativity创造力；D. sculpture雕塑。由空后in public和句意可知，此处需用名词behavior,表示在公共场合 注意举止。应选A。44、 We encourage all students to work at their own.A . outcomeB . equationC . paceD . brand15解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们鼓励所有学生按照自己的节

22、奏学习。A. outcome结果；B. equation等式；C. pace节奏；D. brand品牌。根据句意，此处表达“节奏”，作介词at的宾语，用名词形式。应选C项。45、You ve got to start the to get the car going.A . investigationB . engineC . struggleD . performance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investgation调查；B.engine发动机； C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发

23、动机。应选B。46、Although my new cellphone has many it doesn5 t well.A . functions, functionB . function, functionsC . functions, functionsD . function,function答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为“功 能”，为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为“运行”，在助动词d。或does后应用原 形。应选A。47、It is to come into your

24、 leaders office without their permission.A . a good mannerB . a bad mannerC . bad mannersD . good manners答案：C解析：16 考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，“manner”意为“方式， 方法”，名词词性，作礼貌讲时，应用其复数形式“manners”， ult is bad manners to do sth.意为做某 事是不礼貌的”，故空格处应用“bad manners”。应选C项。48、 He fought against the illness

25、 with courage and.A . floodB . visaC . plateD . determination答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B. visa签证；C. plate盘子；D. determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。49、Our school is based on the basic that all students should develop their full potential.A . optionB . intelligenceC . principl

26、eD . structure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校基于的基本原那么是所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力。A. option选项； B. intelligence智力；C. principle原贝（；D. structure结构。根据句意可知,“所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的 潜力”应该是学校的基本原那么，“principle”意为“原那么”，名词词性，符合句意。应选C项。50、 Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire! the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A . anger

27、B . confusionC . regretD . panic答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!”母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤 怒，生气；B.confusion困惑；C.regret后悔 遗憾；D.panic惊慌,恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲17是恐慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：51、 You can1 t take photos without her.A . adventureB . faultC . patienceD . permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有她的允许你不能

28、拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.patience耐心；D.permission允许。由“You carT t take photos without her可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照”， 因此空格处为“允许”，应选D。52、The little girl shows a great for music.A . careerB . talentC . connectionD . power答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩展示出了在音乐方面的天赋。A. career职业；B. talent天赋；C. connection联系；D. power权

29、利。show/have a talen for“在某方面有天赋”为固定短语,符合句意。应选 B项。53、When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A . comparisonB . accumulationC . interventionD . conservation答案：C解析：18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教

30、学干预，这是一个 针对学业需求的特定工程。A. comparison 比照;B. accumulation 积累；C. intervention 干预；D. conservation 保护。由 uWhen kids are struggling with subjects like reading or mathn 可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或 数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为“干预”，应选C。54、Hearing the funny speech given by the famous professor, all of us burst into.A . l

31、aughedB . laughterC . laughingD . laugh答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意：听到这位著名教授的有趣演讲，我们大家爆发了大笑。burst into laughter “突然大笑； 放声大笑”是固定短语，根据句意，应选B。55、I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A . attemptB . attackC . thrillD . border答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B. attack攻击；C. thrill激 动；D. border边

32、界。in one* s attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed”可知，是试图说服，但失败。故 选Ao56、What a! I wasn* t expecting to see you here.A . classicB . characteristicC . certificateD . coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B. characteristic特色；19 关，D. economy “经济”符合语境。应选D项。4、 In order to live up to th

33、eir parents* , most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.A . expectationsB . qualificationsC . applicationsD . innovations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不辜负父母的期望，大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。A. expectations期 望；B. qualifications 任职资格；C. applications 应用；D. innovations 创新。根据 “In order to live up to their paren

34、ts1 ”可知此处指父母的“期望”。应选A。5、The government declared financial assistance would by those in the training courses.A . obtain;employeeB . be obtained; employmentC . be obtained; employeeD . obtain;employment答案：B解析：考查被动语态和名词。句意：政府宣称资助将由参加就业培训课程的人士获得。由by可知，第一空处用被动 语态，would是情态动词，其后跟be done,因此第一空是be obtained ；

35、根据句意可知，training courses意为“就业培训课程”，空格处用名词employment作定语，修饰training courses,应选Bo6、Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A . more than twiceB . twice as many asC as twice as manyD . more than twice as many答案：D解析：C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文 11 wasn* t expecting to see

36、 you here.” 可知遇见是巧合, 应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do57、She s battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A . complaintB . consequenceC . conscienceD . composition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨； B. consequence 结果；C. conscience 良； D. composition 成分。 根据 whether to

37、 tell the police what she saw.”可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。58、Hangzhou is such an city that it often makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A . impressed, impressionB . impressing , impressionC . impressive, impressD . impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印

38、象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是吸 引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive ”令人难忘的”，可以用于人，也可 以用于物, -ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing 一般不作形容 词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。59、This country is rich in natural.A . sectionB . reflectC . resourcesD . responsibility答案：C20解析: 考查名词。句意:这个国家自然资源丰富。A.s

39、ection局部；B.reflect反射，反响，反思;C. resources资源；D. responsibility责任。结合句意考查固定搭配natural resources,意为:自然资源。应选C。60、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the century.A . concernB . signalC . strategyD . accident答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； sign

40、al信号,预兆；strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的“look forward展望”可推断，领导层想要 展望未来，制定策略。应选C。61、Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried outacross long distances.A . occupationB . applicationC . qualificationD . composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就

41、有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation 职业，占领；B. application 运用；C. qualification 资格，授权；D. composition 作文。根据句子结 构和意思可知，这里需要的是“5G技术的广泛运用”的意思，考查“运用”对应的名词，在句子中做介词短 语“Due to”的宾语。应选B。62、His hard work made him very successful in his job.A . NP AdjpB . NP AdvpC . Adjp NPD . NP NP答案：C21解析: 考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常

42、成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job.是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。63、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A . gainB . awardC . opportunityD . impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金； C. opport

43、unity机会；D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响”。应选D项。64、Don t worry. Flu is a(n)disease in this season. Take this medicine, and your temperature will soon return to.A . normal; commonB . common; normalC . ordinary; generalD . general; ordinary答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：别担忧。流感是这个季节的常见病。吃了这药，你的体温很快就会恢复正 常。no

44、rmal正常的；common常见的；general 一般的；ordinary普通的。根据句意,第一空格意义为“常见 的”，用形容词形式修饰后面名词，作前置定语，common disease常见病；第二空格为“正常”，return to normal恢复正常，强调人体体温正常，此处normal作名词。应选B项。65、With only five minutes left from the end, the of the close match was still in doubt.A . cooperationB . opponentC . outcomeD . outline22答案：c 解析

45、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C. outcome结果；outline轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛快结束了，但是因为两 队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的“结果”。应选C。66、 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A . positiveB . advantageC .

46、 negativeD . disadvantage答案：C解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。A. positive积极的；B. advantage优势（名词）；C. negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的 “we shouldnt focus too much on可知,我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co67、He is under great because of his new job.A . stressB . strengthC . streamD . push答案：A解析：

47、考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为新工作，他现在的压力很大。A.stress压力；B. strength力量；C. stream小河; D.push推。under great stress表示：压力很大。由此可知A符合语境,应选A。68、It is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A . detailB . magnitudeC . honourD . marathon23解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C. hono

48、ur荣誉；D. marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选Bo69、We ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional.A . interestB . attitudeC . competenceD . reputation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直认为Sm此博士为人正直，专业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度； C competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知，Smith博士专业能力强。应选 C项。70、Van Gogh was famous for his Sunflower, which was painted in three of yellow.A . portsB . shoresC . shadesD . stai