高中英语语法学习之名词知识点汇总.docx

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1、高中英语语法学习之名词知识点汇总单项选择题（经典例题高频考点一名师出品必属精品）1、No, no injuries.A . deadB . deathC . deathsD . dying答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B. death死亡；C. deaths死亡（复数）；D. dying临死的。 分析句子可知 “no”为形容词，意为“（一个也）没有”，后接名词，-death意为“死亡”，为可数名 词，根据句中injuries可知，空格处应用“death”的复数形式deaths o应选C项。2、We may meet in our senior high sch

2、ool life, but we will never give up.A . descriptionsB . momentsC . challengesD . exchanges答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。A. descriptions描述；B. moments 片刻；C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中we will never give up可知,我们 应该是遇到“挑战，但不放弃，challenge意为“挑战”，名词词性，challenges为其复数形式，在 句中作宾语。应选C项。3

3、、His natural and wisdom made him very popular among the colleagues.A . charityB . chainC . charmD . chart答案：C 解析：across long distances.A . occupationB . applicationC . qualificationD . composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation 职业，占领；B. application 运用；C. qualifica

4、tion 资格，授权；D. composition 作文。根据句子结 构和意思可知，这里需要的是“5G技术的广泛运用”的意思，考查“运用”对应的名词，在句子中做介词短 语Due to的宾语。应选B。29、The couples kindness gave me a deep and reminded me of the best things about Christmas.A . impressionB . expressionC . descriptionD . collection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇的善良给我留下了深刻的印象，让我想起了圣诞节最美好的事情。A.

5、 impression 印象；B. expression 表达；C. description 描述；D. collection 收集，收藏品。根据and reminded me of the best things about Christmas.,可知，impression 印象，符合题意。应选 A 项。30、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A . gainB . awardC . opportunityD . impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处

6、，利益；B. award奖品，奖金； C. opportunity机会；D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响”。应选D项。31、Theto success is to make good use of the chance to education.10A . accessB . fountainC . potentialD . document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C. potential潜力；D. document文件。the access to.（

7、的途径）符合句意。应选A项。32、 Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the westregard the Chinese food as something special.A . attitudeB . meansC . pointD . sight答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但毫无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。 A.attitude态度；B. means方法；C. point观点;D. sight视野

8、，视力。短语attitude towards表示对的态 度”符合句意。应选A项。33If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A . positiveB . advantageC . negativeD . disadvantage答案：C解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的；B. advant

9、age优势（名词）；C. negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的*we shouldnt focus too much on可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选C。34、The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really his11fault.A . guiltB . responseC . blameD . conservation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不

10、是他的错。Aguilt内疚； B.response 答复；C. blame 责任；D. conservation 节约。根据下文although it was not really his fault.可知, 这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：35、It is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A . detailB . magnitudeC . honourD . marathon答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山

11、地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C. honour荣誉；D. marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。36、Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A . frightenedB . lovelyC . pressureD . unfamiliar答案：C解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B. lovely可 爱的；C. pressure压力；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合

12、句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知,应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语，且underpressure是常用词组,表示承受压力。应选C项。1237、一What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A . valueB . resultC . choiceD . decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B. result结果；C. choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语AC Mil

13、an won the game,可知此处是在问比赛结果，应选B。38I missed the first of the play.A . sceneB . novelC . envelopeD . patience答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析句意：我错过了这出戏的第一幕。A.scene场景；B.novel小说；Cenvelope信封；D.patience耐心。根据,lof the play可知，此处指的是戏剧的第一幕，应选A。小提示：39I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A . achievementB . agree

14、mentC . attentionD . appreciation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. achievement成就；B.agreement同意；C. attention注意力；D. appreciation感谢。结合句意可知，此处是表达对别人体贴的感激，用appreciation符合题意。应选D。1340、Be as careful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be asmuch influenced b

15、y the as by the latter.A . resentment.formalB . company . .formerC . hatred.formalD . virtue.former答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者 （书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒，formal正式的；B pany同伴，former前者 （的）;C.hatred 憎恨，formal 正式的；D.virtue 美德，former 前者（的）。根据Be as careful of the booksyou r

16、ead可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选“同伴”；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后 者进行比照，所以选“前者”，应选B。41、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A . fortuneB . hardshipsC . prideD . kindness答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：她的童年经

17、历充满了逆境和不顺一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称呼 她。A. fortune 运气；B. hardships 逆境，艰难；C. pride 自豪；D. kindness 善行。根据后文she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults,可知,她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的，所以划线 词所指的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。42、Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A . success, a writerB . a succe

18、ss, writer14C . success, writerD . a success, a money答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情”。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success 一个成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。43、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.A . compone

19、ntB . committeeC . communityD . companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区;D. companion 同伴。根据前文He及后文we can talk for hours on end可知，此处指“同伴；伙伴”。应选D项。44、You should have asked for your parents* before you go out for a whole night.A . permissionB . e

20、xcitementC . admissionD . encouragement答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitem6nt激动； C. admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后before you go out for a whole night.可知，因为要 外出待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。45、They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A . mapB .

21、advertiseC . informationD . advertisement15答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；B. advertise登广告；C. information信息；D. advertisement广告。由空后looking for rock musicians可知，此处表示登广告寻找摇 滚音乐家，不定冠词an后需接名词advertisement。应选D。46、Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activities to make the

22、ir teaching easier.A . medicalB . visualC . firstD . band答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B. visual视觉的；C. first第一的；D. band乐队。根据Primary school teachers ”可知，小学老师需 要使用视觉教具。应选B。47、During the department stores annual autumn, all clothing will be half price.A . engagementB

23、. promotionC . interaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定；B. promotion促销活动；C. interaction互动。根据后文all clothing will be half price.1,可知，因为所有的衣服 半价销售，所有此处指百货公司在促销。应选B。48、Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of theirlunch break

24、to finish homework.A . scheduleB . investigationC . performanceD . impression16答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A. schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression 印象。根据heavy workload of Grade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。49、Having read the advertisement for the qualif

25、ied employees, a great many answered the call.A . ancestorsB . applicantsC . operatorsD . boarders答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B. applicants 申请人，求职者；C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees可知此处指求职者应征，应用 applicants。应选 B

26、050、How to raise the awareness of environmental protection has become one of the most important tobe discussed next meeting.A . errorsB . performancesC . issuesD . behaviors答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何提高环保意识已成为下次会议要讨论的最重要的问题之一。A. errors错误；B. performances表演；C. issues问题，重要议题；D. behaviors行为。根据句意和句中14How to ra

27、ise the awareness of environmental protection可知，如何提高环保意识”应该是会议上要讨论的问题，issue 意为“问题，重要议题”，符合语境，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，意为“最之一”，故 空格处用issue的复数形式issues o应选C项。1751、Plastic bags are not allowed in our town in a(n)to help the environment.A . attemptB . stuffC . depthD . disaster答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：力图帮助环境，

28、在我们镇上不允许使用塑料袋。A. attempt试图；B. stuff材料；C. depth深度；D. disaster灾难。根据前后文的意思可知用in an attempt表示“力图、试图符合句意。应选A 项。52、Seeing the happy of children playing in the park, r m full of joy and confidence in the future of ourtravel agency.A . sightB . viewC . sceneryD . scene答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景，我对我

29、们旅行社的未来充满了喜悦和信心。A.sight 景象；B.view 看法；C.scenery 风景；D. scene 场景。根据句意分析，children playing in the park 表 “孩子们在公园里玩耍”，是一个动态情况，用scene符合语意。应选D项。53、The company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 years of good service.A achievementB . appreciationC . attentionD . agreement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金

30、表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。Achievement成就；B.appreciation感激；Cattention注意；D.agreem6nt同意。根据句意，他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示感谢。应选Bo1854、From my hotel room window, I could see a large board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.A . amusementB . advertisementC . manuscriptD . assignment答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过酒店房间的窗户，我可以看到

31、一个印着他头像的大广告牌:杰森，大魔术师。A.amusement 有趣；B.advertisement 广告；C. manuscript 手稿；D. assignment 任务。根据下文with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician,可知，看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌。应选B项。小提示：55、The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A . balletB . seniorC . generationD . summary答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语老师要

32、求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B. senior较年长的人；C.generation 一代人；D. summary 概要。由上下文The English teacher asked the students to give a ofthe text,可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘要，应选D。56、A butterfly is a flying with a long thin body and four large, usually brightly coloured, wings.A . dolphinB . dinosaurC . posterD . insect答案：D

33、解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶是一种会飞的昆虫，身体细长，有四只通常色彩鲜艳的大翅膀。Adolphin海 豚；B.dinosaur恐龙；C.poster海报；D.insect昆虫。根据butterfly可知,这是一种昆虫。应选D。19 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。A.charity慈善机构；B.chain链条；C. charm魅力；D. chart图表。根据“wisdom”可知，他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。应选C项。4、Our main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors

34、of the disaster-hit areas.A . routeB . concernC . shelterD . schedule答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们目前的主要任务是，为受灾地区的幸存者提供庇护所。A.route路线；B.concern 关心；C.shelter 避难所，住所;D.schedule 时间表。根据句中 for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas可知，此处指给受灾地区的幸存者提供住所。应选C。5、Visitors are not permitted anything without.A . touching;

35、 permitB . to touch; permitionC . to touch; permissionD . touching; allowance答案：C解析：考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示“被允许做某事”可知,短语为 be permitted to do sth.；第二空表示未经允许，应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。6、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between

36、countries.A . tensionB . regulationC . processD . affection答案：A解析：57、Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from.A . destinationB . extinctionC . exhibitionD . institution答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解的越来越多，越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝 A. destination 目的地；B. extinction

37、灭绝；C. exhibition 展览；D. institution 机构。根据前文 protect them from 等 句意可知，此处指保护鲨鱼免于灭绝。应选B项。58、Jenny said that she had never thought in her life that she would ever sing .But now , singing in the choir provides from what she calls the gray days.A . realityB . reliefC . missionD . fault答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮

38、说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的“灰暗日子。A.reality现实；B.relief减轻，解除；emission任务；D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的“灰暗日子。应选B项。59、The earth is the planet provides us with everything we need .fresh air,clean water.so if s our duty toprotect it.A . whichB . whereC . whatD . in which答案：A解析：考查定语从句。

39、句意：地球是提供我们需要的一切新鲜的空气，干净的水的星球，所以保护它是我们20的责任。分析句子结构可知，planet为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中做主语，可用 which或者that,根据所给选择项，应选A项。60、While most of us are only too ready to others the cold wind of, we are somehow reluctantto give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A . respond to.conflictB . apply to .criticism

40、C . react to.threatD . reply to.superiority答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故却 不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾;B. apply to 把应用到，把施加到,criticism批评；C. react to对作出反映，threat威胁；D. reply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of 和第二句话中的give o

41、ur fellows the warm sunshine of praise正好相反。和 praise 相反的是批评(criticism)。 所以应该选B。apply sth. to sb.意为“将应用到，将施加到”。该处指apply the cold wind of chticism to others(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。应选B。61、From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from Chinas athletes show the countrys d

42、rive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation.A . expectations . passionC . mysteryD . imagination答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激 情和创新精神。A.expectation 期待;B.passion 激情；C.mystery 谜；D.imagination 想象力。根据show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation可知，句子表示中国运发

43、动的出色表现展21 现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神”，因此空格处意为“激情，是passion,应选B。62、Students study at their own and the teachers seldom set tests.A . netB . outlineC . contestD . pace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生按照自己的节奏学习，老师很少设置考试。Anet网；B.oMine大纲； C.contesi比赛；D.pace速度，节奏。根据后半句老师很少设置考试，可推断前面学生都是按照自己的节奏学 习，应选D。63、You didn t do anything w

44、rongyou should have a clear.A . costumeB . corporationC . contestD . conscience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装；B. corporation公司；C.contest竞赛；D. conscience良心；内疚。根据You didn t do anything wrong 可知,你没有做错任何事 你应该问心无愧。应选D项。64、It s wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave t

45、oo badly in public.A . situationB . employmentC . professionD . position答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势； B. employment 雇佣；C. profession 职业，专业；D. position 位置。根据空后 uin the government to behave too badly in public.可知，空处需用名词pos让ion,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错22误的。应选D。65、In a

46、small wooded valley two towns, both set in beautiful.A . lies; surroundingB . lie; surroundingsC . lay; surroundingD . did lie; surroundings答案：B解析：考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句子 可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie 位于”，lay是lie 的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是tw。towns,是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding

47、“周围的”，是形 容词，surroundings 环境”是名词，形容词beautiful修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语,应选B。66、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to China s food.A . lackB . cuisineC . securityD . purchase答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了

48、杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏；B. cuisine风味；C. security平安；D. purchase采购。由语意可知，袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。67、The royal family has announced that the of the new baby is female.A . weightB . issueC . gender答案：C 解析：23 考查名词。句意：皇室宣布新生儿的性别为女性。A.weight重量；B.issue问题；C.gender性别。根据空格后“female可知，空格处指性别。应选C。68、Jay Leno, the host of the Tonighf show, once said that