2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步培优Unit 4 Section Ⅳ 写作指导.docx

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1、Unit 4 Section IV夯基提能作业 .阅读理解（2021 威海高二检测）Organizers of Paris 2024 have suggested that breakdancing（霹雳舞）should be included as a new sport in the Olympic sports. The committee is pleased with the suggestion as it is in line with its aim of rejuvenating the Olympics. But, what is breakdancing on earth

2、?Breakdancing is not simply a style of dance. Its a unique culture with its own history. Popularized by African Americans and US Latinos, breakdancing is an energetic form of dance including stylized footwork and moves such as spinning on the head, hands or knees. It arose in New York City during th

3、e late 1960s and early 1970s from martial arts moves. The moves, originally learned as a form of self-defence eventually developed into the complex and athletic moves of todays breakdancing.Breakdancing is largely improvisational（即兴的）without standard moves or steps. The key is on energy, movement, c

4、reativity and certain danger. The people who perform this style of dance are known as b-boys or b-girls. They are also called breakers.From those early roots, breakdancing began to add different moves to their routines, such as “popsand locks， which brought a robotic quality to the dance. That style

5、 was popularized in the early 1970s by artists of the time. In the 1980s breakdancing reached a greater audience when it was adopted by mainstream artists like Michael Jackson. Jacksons moonwalk, a step that involved sliding backward and lifting the soles of the feet so that he appeared to be slidin

6、g or floating, caused huge excitement among teens of all races.With the growing popularity over the years, breakdancing has gone from a street phenomenon to one that is accepted by the wider culture.Breakdancing is universal and it is popular with more than one million b-boys and b-girls in France.

7、We hope the energetic dance is to be in the Olympic Games.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了霹雳舞，并呼吁将其纳入奥运会运动项 目。1. Which of the following best describes breakdancing? CA. Unique and defensive.B Standard but dangerous.C. Energetic and creative.D. Improvisational but simple.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“breakdancing is an energ

8、etic form of dance（霹雳舞是 一种充满活力的舞蹈）”及第三段 “The key is on energy, movement, creativity and certain danger.（关键是在于活力、动作、创造性和一定的危险。）”可知，霹雳舞是充满活力和有创 造性的。应选C。2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about breakdancing?AA. Its features and history.B Its birthplace and audience.C. Its changes and culture.D. It

9、s moves and complexity.解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，霹雳舞是一种有活力的舞蹈形式，包括程式 化步法和诸如头、手和膝盖的转动动作。根据“during the late 1960s and early 1970s”及 “eventually”等关键词汇可知，第二段主要告诉我们霹雳舞的特点和历史。应选A。3. Why did breakdancing attract more people in the 1980s? DA. It took on a robotic look.B It caused excitement among teens.C. It invol

10、ved pops and locks.D. It was adopted by mainstream artists.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the 1980s breakdancing reached a greater audience when it was adopted by mainstream artists like Michael Jackson.”可知，在 20 世纪 80 年代，由 于霹雳舞被像迈克尔杰克逊这样的主流艺术家采用，所以吸引了更多的观众。应选D。4. What might be the purpose of writing the text? C

11、A. To popularize breakdancing worldwide.B To explain what breakdancing is on earth.C. To promote breakdancing to an Olympic sport.D. To introduce the development of breakdancing.解析：写作目的题。通读全文，结合第一段第一句“巴黎2024年奥运会的组织者建议 霹雳舞作为奥运会一种新的运动被包含在内”可知，文章先是提出“巴黎奥运会组织者建议 霹雳舞纳入奥运会工程”，接下来具体介绍了这种舞蹈形式，最后一段再次呼吁“Wehop

12、e the energetic dance is to be in the Olympic Games.（我们希望这个充满活力的舞蹈会在奥运会 中。）“。由此可知，本文的目的是促进霹雳舞被纳入奥运会运动工程。应选C。II.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。The sense of humor is one of the most powerful tools you have for getting rid of any source of stress in your life. 1. F We cant over-estimate

13、the importance of the sense of humor too much. In fact, making work fun helps employees perform best and provide quality work.2. D Telling jokes and stories and using team-building games in companies make people have more fun at work. Some companies even have talent shows or hold dance or sports com

14、petitions. It just gives employees a break in the day and a chance to laugh at themselves.3. B Humor should be about laughing with rather than laughing at others. We all have probably heard jokes that seemed to bother or hurt others. For example, jokes making fun of employees for their weight, race,

15、 religion, etc. are not only harmful to the person, but also can create an unfriendly working environment.Even if the jokes were intended to be humorous, they may not be received that way. I have even heard speakers make slight dirty jokes on the audience, thinking they would be seen as cool. In fac

16、t the audience thought the speakers had no taste. 4. A In another case, I heard about a manager who was out partying with co-workers and kidding about how the boss liked certain people more than others. Such jokes actually had damaging effects on people in the company.Humor, if proper, can brighten

17、up the workplace and reduce some of the stress we are all experiencing. 5. EA. And they lost peoples respect as a result.B Of course, it is important to use proper humor at work.C. Everyone agreed that their work needed to be more fun.D. There are plenty of ways to bring humor into the workplace.E.

18、So take a moment to laugh and help us all to feel happier at work.F. In addition, laughter can brighten up the feelings of everyone around.G. The most obvious way to make your job fun is to learn to find some humor.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍幽默感的重要性以及在使用幽默的过程中应该 注意方式和方法。解析：1 .根据前句“The sense of humor is one o

19、f the most powerful tools you have for getting rid of any source of stress in your life.”可知，幽默感是最强大的技能之一，能够让你应对生活中 的压力，本句阐述幽默的好处和意义，而F选项“另外，幽默也可以让周围的人感到开心” 紧接前文，切题。应选F。2 .根据后句 Telling jokes and stories and using team-building games in companies make people have more fun at work.”可知，讲笑话，讲故事，以及团建游戏能够让

20、职员感到高兴, 这是在讲述在工作场合中的幽默方式，D选项“有很多方法把幽默带到工作场所”切题。故 选D。3 .根据后文“Humor should be about laughing with rather than laughing at others.”可知,幽 默应该是让别人笑，而不是嘲笑别人，故可知，幽默应该讲求方式和方法，B选项“当然， 在工作中使用适当的幽默是很重要的”切题。应选B。4 .根据前句In fact the audience thought the speakers had no taste.可知，事实上，观众 会认为演讲者没有品位，因此演讲者就不会得到大家的尊重。应选A

21、。5 . 根据前一一句Humor, if proper, can brighten up the workplace and reduce some of the stress we are all experiencing.”可知，使用合理的话，幽默可以让工作中的职员高兴，减轻压 力，E选项“花点时间来笑一下，也让别人在工作中感到开心”切题。应选E。川.完形填空It happened on a rainy Saturday morning last month. My wife Catherine and I were driving along what some people calle

22、d moose (麋鹿)alley. It was so 1. D that there were few cars on the road. 2. D , something happened. A moose jumped out across our path. I had been driving for years and was good at driving. In order to 3. A knocking into the moose, I made a quick turn to the other lane. If I had not done that, the mo

23、ose might have been killed, and my wife and I might have got 4. D, too. A few seconds later, when I 5. C and looked back in my rear view mirror, the moose was getting up and then ran into the bush. Shaken but 6. B , we both looked at each other with a surprised expression.From then on, I often thoug

24、ht about the relationship between humans and 7. D . We know that animal species have appeared and disappeared 8. C since life began on the Earth. This is a(n) 9. B phenomenon. However, animal species have been 10. A at a much faster rate for about a century now 11. C human factors such as pollution.

25、Certain philosophers and scientists keep repeating that if we dont save animals, how we will be able to save ourselves. A better 12. D of animals gives us a better understanding of our own species. The 13. D to protect animals and nature in general 14. A the value of a society. And all animals play

26、roles in nature and have a right to 15. B . Therefore, I think we should try our best to save endangered animals, because humans cannot live on the Earth alone.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。经历一次交通小事故后，作者开始思考人类与动物 的关系，他认为我们应该保护野生动物，因为保护它们就是保护人类自己。1. A. coolB. quietC. wideD. early解析：根据上文中的“It happened on a rainy Sa

27、turday morning last month.”以及下文中的 “there were few cars on the road”可知，马路上车少是因为当时还很早(early)。2. A. ExpectedlyB.ObviouslyC. FortunatelyD.Suddenly解析：根据下文的“A moose jumped out”可知，突然(suddenly),有事情发生了。3. A. avoidB.keepC. delayD.excuse解析：根据下文中的If I had not done that, the moose might have been killed”可知，这里 是指

28、为了 “防止”撞上这头麋鹿。4. A. shockedB.lostC. disappointedD.injured解析：作者的车如果跟麋鹿相撞，那么他跟妻子也可能会受伤。get injured “受伤”。5. A. understoodB.thoughtC. stoppedD.tried解析：根据下文中的“looked back in my rear view mirror”可知，作者当时把车停(stopped) 了下来，从后视镜里看到那头麋鹿起身，随后跑进了树丛。6. A. worriedB. fineC.sadD.scared解析：我们虽然受到惊吓，但是没事(fine)。7. A. lan

29、dsB.roadsC.plantsD.wildlife解析：根据下文可知，从那以后，作者经常思考人类与野生动物(wildlife)的关系。8. A. exactlyB.silentlyC.continuallyD.mysteriously解析：我们知道，自从地球上出现生命以后，动物物种不断地(continually)出现并灭绝。9. A. strangeB.naturalC.unusualD.recent解析：由常识可知这是个自然(natural)现象。10. A. decreasingB. developingC. appearingD. changing解析：根据下文的“human fac

30、tors such as pollution可知，动物物种一直以更快的速度在 减少(decreasing)。11. A. according toB.instead ofC. because ofD.along with解析：根据上下文可知，这里表示原因，故用becauseof。12. A. treatmentB.performanceC. worldD.knowledge解析：更好地了解动物，才能更好地了解我们人类。a better knowledge oF和“a better understanding of，都是“更了解”的意思。13. A. wayB. lawC. hopeD. wil

31、l解析：全文都在讲保护动物，结合四个选项可知只有will符合语境，即保护动物和自 然的意愿。14. A. showsB.includesC. predictsD.protects解析：这里指保护动物和自然的意愿显示了社会价值。15. A. escapeB.surviveC. refuseD.select解析：所有动物在自然界中都有自己的角色，它们都有权利生存(survive)。IV .语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。People love the view of old buildings in Paris, especially Notre Dame

32、Cathedral(巴黎圣母 院).1. Unfortunately(fortunate), on April 16,2019, a fire destroyed the spire(尖顶)of the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. Flames could be seen 2. rising (rise) through the top of the monument. The citizens in Paris gathered around the cathedral, praying 3. for the hun

33、dreds of firefighters who fought the flames. 4. It was no wonder that people felt sad. The church itself after all, is a historical and artistic treasure. 5. Built (build) in 1163, it is one of the worlds most famous tourist sites, attracting about 12 million 6. visitors (visit) every year.Notre Dam

34、e Cathedral is home to many 7. religious (religion) artworks, paintings and sculptures. Despite its long history and many treasures, the cathedral 8. needed(need) the help of a writer to become truly famous. Victor Hugos 1831 novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, presented the building to 9. a wide au

35、dience of readers. He wrote the book to remind people of it, with the hope 10. that they would protect the beautiful old buildings of Paris.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一场大火烧毁了有着850年历史的巴黎 圣母院大教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶，还介绍了巴黎圣母院成名的原因。解析：1 .考查副词。句意：不幸的是，2019年4月16日，一场大火烧毁了这座有着850年 历史的大教堂的尖顶和三分之二的屋顶。修饰后文整个句子用副词。故填Unfortuna

36、tely。2 .考查非谓语动词。句意：可以看到火焰正从这个历史遗迹的顶部升起。分析句子结 构可知，此处是see sb./sth. doing的被动结构，意为“某人/物被看见正在做某事。故填rising。3 .考查介词。句意：巴黎市民聚集在大教堂周围，为数百名救火队员祈祷。短语pray for 为祈祷。故填for。4 .考查固定句式。句意：难怪人们感到悲伤。根据固定句式it was/is no wonder that.”难 怪”，it作形式主语。故填It。5 .考查非谓语动词。句意：教堂本身毕竟是一个历史和艺术宝藏，建于1163年，是世 界上最著名的旅游景点之一，每年吸引约1,200万游客。分析

37、句子结构可知，build在句中 作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语it(指代church)构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填Built。6 .考查名词的数。句意同上。此处作attract的宾语，表示“游客”应用名词visitor, 且visitor为可数名词，由12 million修饰，故用复数形式。故填visitors。7 .考查形容词。句意：巴黎圣母院是许多宗教艺术品、绘画和雕塑的故乡。修饰名词 artworks应用形容词，表示“宗教的。故填religious。8 .考查时态。句意：尽管有着悠久的历史和许多珍宝，这座大教堂需要一位作家的帮 助才能真正知名。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填nee

38、ded。9 .考查冠词。句意：维克多,雨果1831年的小说巴黎圣母院向广大读者介绍了这 座建筑。audience为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且wide为辅音音素开头的 单词。故填a。10 .考查连接词。句意：他写这本书是为了提醒人们，希望他们能保护巴黎美丽的古老 建筑。本句为同位语从句，解释说明hope,且从句中不缺少成分。故填that。V.应用文写作假如你是李华，获知你的英国朋友Eric在汉语书法比赛中获得一等奖。请你给他写一 封邮件，内容包括：1 .表示祝贺；2 .赠送名家字帖。注意：1 .词数80左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：字帖 calligraph

39、y copybook参考范文：Dear Eric,Congratulations on your winning the first prize in the Chinese calligraphy contest!As is known to all, calligraphy is an important part of Chinese traditional culture. It is really amazing for a foreigner to write Chinese characters so well. Ive already had a copybook of Wang Xizhis works delivered to you. I hope it can be of some help.Im looking forward to your greater progress in the future.Yours,Li Hua