北京市房山区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试题（原卷版）.docx

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1、房山区2021-2022学年度第二学期期末检测试卷高二英语本试卷共10页，100分。时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷 上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一局部 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每题L5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One day, 12-ycar-old Gabriel went home and told his dad, Richard, that he felt a “bit down.” Gabriel enjoyed I and

2、fell in love with the craft around age eight when his mom handed him a toy made of wood by his grandfather. But his middle school classmates didnt consider it 2.As a father, Richard was upset about his sons condition. It was hard watching his kid 3 to fit in. Wanting to help, Richard reached out to

3、people on the 4. He created a page andpresented a new wooden bowl made by his son, hoping netizens could 5 him to go on. To their surprise, the little hoy gained 256,000 followers in three days and a great number of supporters even 6 his handmade bowls. Gabriel didnt want to be a businessman since h

4、e had school and homework to manage. After much thought, he decided to use his newfound fame as an opportunity to share 7.“I decide that I can make other childrens lives better by doing a little bit of something in my own life,“ Gabriel said. He made a special bowl with the words “For children in Af

5、Hea” to call on others to 8 for them on his web page and one lucky donor could get this special bowl. Soon, 14,123 supporters 9 contributed 254,053 for African children. Finally, the bow） found its way to （he home of donor Renuka Chapman.“Gabriel is talented and creative but more than anything, hes

6、got a big heart,“ finally camethe 10 from his classmates.1. A. handwritingB. nctsurfingC. woodworkingD.fundraising2. A. noisyB.coolC. strangeD. fair3. A. refuseB. defendC. hateD. struggle4. A. internetB. showC. courseD. street5. A. remindB. encourageC. guideD.command6. A. copiedB. repairedC. ordered

7、D. removed7. A. politenessB. comfortC. wealthD. kindness8. A. recordB. drawC. donateD. change9. A. surprisinglyB. hesitantlyC. shylyD.thankfullyC. warningC. warningD. request10. A. suggestionB. praise第二节（共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分）阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写I个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ma Xu became a

8、military doctor in 1947. She 11 (apply) to become a paratrooper in 1961, but her first application failed because there were no female paratroopers at that time. Ma was only 1.53 metres tall and weighed just 37.5kg. But she learnt to parachute by 12 (train) hard in secret. Finally, she became Chinas

9、 first female paratrooper. She completed over 140 parachute jumps over a period of 20 years. She also set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump 13 the age of 51. In 2018, Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town. This donation was 14 (support) local educati

10、on and public welfare.B 阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。People often wonder about the reasons behind the urban migration of animals. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible for pushing the animals out of their 15 (nature) habit

11、ats. However (rue (his is, 16 we also need to consider is that some of these so-called “urban animals have never moved at allits we humans who have moved into their territory. 17 they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to mo

12、ve in with us.C 阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Today, (he Palace Museum has one of the most significant collections of timepieces in the world, 18 mainly originated from Europe and China. With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in heigh

13、t, each of these 19 (require) its own unique method of restoration. Given the complexity of the work and the lack of necessary materials, this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year. But, through their painstaking 20 (effort), Wang Jin and his students do more than r

14、epair the clocks-they bring them back to life.第二部阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每题2分，共28分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。This summer has been a chance to appreciate nature and everything it offers up. Its a perfect opportunity to take a look at some of the worlds unspoiled places that are be

15、autiful because they have been left untouched and remember the importance of keeping their original appearance.BhutanOfficially known as the Kingdom of Bhutan, this little visited country is on the Himalayas eastern edge and known for its dramatic landscapes that range from subtropics to towering cl

16、iffs with wild flowing rivers, crystal blue lakes, snow capped peaks and glaciers, and jungles. There arc no traffic lights in this country which, so far, has managed to escape the claws of mass tourism and keep its culture.Rock Islands, PalauThe 445 uninhabited limestone islands were formed from vo

17、lcanic activity. The islands have a huge diversity of plants, birds, and wildlife, alongside more than a dozen shark species. The area contains the highest concentration of marine lakes anywhere in the world. The only sign of human habitation is from 3100 BC.Fiordland, New ZealandOne of the most dra

18、matically amazing regions of New Zealand. Fiordland can be seen on foot, by air, or by water. The Milford Track is one of the most famous walks, with the 33m-long four-day journey taking travelers past the lakes, the tallest waterfall in the country, and glacier-carved valley views. Lake Monowai is

19、a glassy, mirrorlike body of water surrounded by mountains and best explored by raft on a quiet day.Namib Desert NamibiaA coastal desert in the southern area of Africa, it is known for its burnt orange-golden sands. The Namib has been dry for at least 55 million years and possibly as many as 80 mill

20、ion. The name means “vast space，and it stretches fbr more than 1200 miles along Angola, Namibia and South Africa. Incredibly, the temperatures colliding with cold currents create a fog belt that often envelops the desert.21. If your friend is interested in sharks, which of (he following can be recom

21、mended?A. Bhutan.B. Rock Islands, Palau.C. Fiordland. New Zealand.D. Namib Desert, Namibia.22. What can we learn about the Namib Desert, Namibia?A. It is located at the eastern edge of Africa.B. It covers more than 1200 miles along Angola.C. It is famous for its burnt orange-golden sands.D. It was f

22、ormed from volcanic activity 80 million years ago.23. We can probably read the passage from.A. a (ravel guideB. a science websiteC. a biology magazineD. an environmental reportWang Yapings dream of becoming an astronaut was inspired by Yang Liweis 2003 space flight, which was Chinas first manned spa

23、ce mission.Born in a small village in Yantai, Shandong Province in 1980, Wang had been an enthusiastic long-distance runner since primary school, and competed in local sports meetings.In 1997, Wang, a high school student, was encouraged to register fbr the pilot recruitment program by her classmates

24、 because she was good at sports and didnt wear glasses. The 17-year-old had been considering applying to a teaching college, as her parents suggested.Given her strong build and ability to stay calm under pressure, Wang passed all tests as well as physical examinations and became a female pilot in Ch

25、ina. After four years of systemic education and tough (raining, Wang eventually learned to fly four different types of aircraft before graduation.During her service as a military pilot, she accumulated 1,567 hours of flight time and was involved in major tasks such as the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake re

26、lief effort and (he 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.In May 2010, Wang became a member of Chinas first batch of female astronauts. The joy of being selected did not last long as the hard training quickly sank in.In the first year, Wang could not get the top level in the high-G training, during which

27、she had to endure eight times the force of gravity in a spinning centrifuge. The training imitates the environment when the spacecraft takes off, enters orbit and returns. Wang improved her performance by doing extra core-strength exercises every day co strengthen her back and abdominal muscles. She

28、 got the top level at the end of 2011. Wang realized her space dream in 2013 as part of the Shenzhou-10 mission.Over the past two years, Wang has logged in over 6,000 hours of strict training. The most tiring exercise was the seven-hour underwater training session during which she had to wear a spec

29、ial suit that weighed over 100 kilograms to simulate extravehicular activities in a weightless environment.Wang has become the first female taikonaut to work in Chinas Tiangong space station as well as the first Chinese woman to perform a spacewalk.24. Why did Wang want (o become an astronaut?A. Bec

30、ause she was able to stay calm under pressure.B. Because she was good at sports and didnt wear glasses.C. Because she was influenced by Chinas first manned space flight.D. Because she was advised to register for the pilot program by her parents.25. From this passage, we can know that. A Wang won a l

31、ong-distance runner championshipWang was the first Chinese female to take a spacewalkB. Wang went to a teaching college encouraged by her classmatesWang thought (he seven-hour undens-ater training session was easy26. What did Wang do after she joined Chinas first batch of female astronauts?A. She le

32、arned to fly four different types of aircraft.B. She participated in the Shenzhou-10 mission of China.C. She received four years of systemic education in university.D. She got involved in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake relief effort.27. Which of (he following words can best describe Wang?A. Calm and f

33、riendly.B. Warm-hearted and creative.C. Modest and honest.D. Hardworking and determined.CHave you heard of Yangshi Lei? For some 200 years, the Lei fiimily provided their design and architectural talent to the Qing Dynasty as imperial builders. Spanning seven generations, their skills along with exc

34、ellent craftsmanship ensured that they rose to great fame and influence in China. In their later work, they incoDora【ed details of the southern architectural style and garden design ideas in their designs.One of the places showing this is the Summer Palace. Situated in Haidian District, northwest of

35、 Beijing, it shows the beauty and the grandeur of royal gardens. In December 1998, UNESCO included the Summer Palace on its World Heritage List and described it as “a masterpiece of Chinese landscape garden design. With over 3,000 nian-inadc structures, which include bridges, pavilions, and corridor

36、s, even the lake area alone is a showcase of many of the Lei familys excellent designs.Kunming Lake is designed to represent the traditional Chinese gardening practice of “one pond, three There arc three small islands within Kunming Lake: Nanhu Island, Zaojiantang Island, and Zhijingge Island.Many f

37、eatures of Kunming Lake arc inspired by the scenery from the region south of the Yangtze River. In particular, the West Dike is a recreation of the famous Sudi Dike on West Lake in Hangzhou. The causeway, which can be walked across, cuts diagonally through the southern part of the lake. Like the Sud

38、i Dike, the West Dike is connected by six bridges, each with its own distinctive style. The largest bridge on Kunming Lake, however, is the 17-Arch Bridge, it combines features of the Precious Belt Bridge in Suzhou and the Lugou Bridge in Beijing. The entire bridge is 150 meters long and eight meter

39、s wide.If you cant go further than Beijing, then dont miss the National Library of China. This is where most of the Lei familys architectural design drafts are kept. These include projective drawings, front and side elevations, revolving drawings, and even some architectural models which look remark

40、ably like digital models made today. This shows the advanced drawing technology and skill of the Lei architects. Their architectural ability was way ahead of their time.Like the Summer Palace, many others of the Lei familys structures have been declared UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Also, in 2007, th

41、eir architectural drawings and models were included in UNESCOs Memory of the World Register. The Lei familys significant influence on Chinese imperial architecture ensures that their work is still remembered and appreciated.28. What can we leam from this passage?A. There are three small ponds within

42、 Kunming Lake.B. The Summer Palace was put on the World Heritage List in 1998.C. West Lake is described as a masterpiece of Chinese landscape garden design.D. The 17-Arch Bridge on Kunming Lake is a copy of （he Precious Belt Bridge in Suzhou.29. What docs the underlined word “incorporated in Paragra

43、ph I mean?A. Contained.B. Ignored.C. Compared.D.Described.30. The author suggests visiting the National Library of China to.A. sec the drawings of famous paintersknow about the new digital productsB. learn the history of the Qing Dynasty D. see the design drafts of the Lei Family 31. What is the mai

44、n purpose of the passage?A. lb compare the architectural style between the north and the south.B. To present the wonderful design and beautiful scenery of Kunming Lake.C. To stress the Lei familys great influence on Chinese imperial architecture.D. To call on people to protect the scenery and archit

45、ecture of the Summer Palace.DTechnology is having an impact on every sport, from individual sports such as swimming to team spoils as diverse as soccer and sailing. Those with access to the best technologies arc playing faster and smarter.The main technological change in recent years has been throug

46、h data collection and analysis. Data is collected by underwater cameras, tidal sensors （传感器）,sensors worn by athletes, video analysis, and in many other ways. The data is then fed through computer software and analyzed by team managers, sports scientists, coaches, and players.It is not only about im

47、proving performance, but also reducing injury and illness. Below are just a few examples.In cycling, bike sensors measure speed, power, and pedal turns, which arc then sent to the cyclists glasses. Cyclists can see important information without having to look away from the track. If they need to hit

48、 a specific time in their training, they can see how they arc doing and speed up if required.A British company, which usually services the aerospace and defence industries, has worked to enable British wheelchair athletes to achieve a 20 percent increase in the ability to gain speed. Not only arc they faster, but the positional changes also reduce injury to players shoulders and elbows. For other disabled athletes, 3D-printed prosthetic limbs （四肢）are more lightweight, delivering improved power output.More records are falling in swimming than those in any other sports, and technology i