人教版八年级英语下册Unit 5 词汇短语语法归纳.docx

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1、八下unit 5语法归纳过去进行时：表示在过去的某一时刻或某一段时间所发生的动作。 构成：主语+ be (was/were) +现在分词(v+ing) 常用时间状语：1. then, at that time/moment,2. (at) this time + 过去时间，如：at this time yesterdayat+时间点+过去时间， 如：at 8:00 last Friday3. 其他时间状语： this morning, yesterday afternoon, the whole day yesterday, from seven to nine last night, all

2、 day last SundayEg: I was watching TV then/ at that time.f 一般疑问句： Were you watching TV then/at that time?.f 特殊疑问句：What were you doing then? 1 was watching TV.Eg: My parents were taking a walk from 7 to 9 last night.一划线局部提问：What were your parents doing from 7 to 9 last night?Eg: I was doing my homewo

3、rk at this time yesterday.f 否认句： I wasn, t doing my homework at this time yesterday.用when, while引导时间状语从句充当过去的时间点或时间段。时!引导的从句的谓语动词即可以用持续性动词也可以用短暂性动词。Xwhile引导的从句的谓语动词只能用持续性动词。句型L 主句从句的两个动作同时持续进行着，此时只用while.主句： 过去进行时; 从句：while + 过去进行时Eg: While I was doing housework, my daughter was doing her homework.

4、=My daughter was doing her homework while I was doing housework.句型2：主句的动作进行中的时候，从句的动作突然发生，此时只用when. 主句：过去进行时;从句：when+一般过去时Eg: We were having dinner when the phone rang.= When the phone rang, we were having dinner.Eg: What were you doing when the phone rang?句型3：从句的动作进行中的时候，主句的动作发生了。主句： 一般过去时; 从句:when

5、/while/as/just as+过去进行时Xas也可以引导时间状语从句Eg: When/Whi1e/Asthe children were playing on the playground, it began to rain. Eg: When/While/As/Just as we were leaving the room, he came in.口诀：When后可长亦可短，while后面只可长，假设是两个都为长，while来把纽带当。X while “然而”表示意思的转折,比照。eg: He is very tall while his brother is quite short

6、.过去进行时练习题I (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.1. Mary (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter (do) the same thing.2. What you (do) at that time? We (watch) TV.3. They (not make) a model ship when I saw him.4. they (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afterno

7、on?No, they . They (clean) the classroom.5. it (rain) when you left school? Yes, it . (No, it )What your father (do) when he was your age?6. One day, Edison (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track (轨道)to play.7. I (write) a letter when the door bell rang.8. The three

8、 of them were in a hurry because their plane (leave) in five minutes.12. When the bell rang, jenny (wait) in her seat.13. She (make) her dress the whole afternoon.14. While my father(look) through the evening paper, he suddenly (hear) a cry.15. When I (come) in the room, he (not see) me, for he (rea

9、d) something.16. When we (arrive) at the village, it (get) dark and it (rain) hard.17. What your father (do) yesterday evening? He (study) atthe evening school.18. When he knocked at the door, my aunt (cook)The students; (sing) and (dance) happily on the playground at that time.19. I (write) a lette

10、r when the door bell rang.八下unit 5词汇归纳 storm E n.风暴，暴风雨 rainstorm 暴风雨 snowstorm 暴风雪 sandstorm 沙尘暴 alarm n.闹钟，警报=alarm clockfire alarm 火警 set an alarm clock 设闹钟 go off 1.(闹钟)发出响声；2.变质； 3.爆炸eg: I set an alarm clock this morning, but it didn, t go off.eg： The milk has gone off.eg: The bomb will go off

11、in 3 hours. begin v. 开始 Apt.pp.eg: When will the movie begin? (vi.)eg: Lets begin our class.(vt.) n.开始 the beginning of的开始/开头 n.初学者，新手 begin to do/doing =start to do/doing开始做某事eg: I began to learn/ learning English when I was a middle school student. heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地；厉害地eg: He smokes heavily.a

12、dv.突然eg: He smokes heavily.adv.突然eg: It rained heavily. heavy adj.重，严重 suddenly eg: He stood up suddenly.eg: Suddenly, there was a loud noise. sudden adj.突然的，突发的 eg: sudden death/change sudden n.突发之事 strange strangely adv.奇怪地, stranger n.陌生人 wind all of a sudden 突然(=suddenly)adj. 奇怪的 eg: He is a str

13、ange boy. 异常地 eg: The house was strangely quiet.n,风 adj.有风的eg: The wind is blowing.eg： a strong wind/ strong winds 强风 pick up L拿起，捡起2.接 3.（用交通工具）接人 eg： Pick up your socks.eg: Someone is calling you. Are you going to pick up?eg: Be sure to pick me up early.n.光，光线，光亮U；电灯C；打火机C light Eeg: There was no

14、light outside.eg: Turn on the light. adj.浅的，轻的，亮的，轻松的，少量的eg: This box is lighter than that one.eg: Girls like light blue.eg: some light housework v.点燃1 ight-1 ighted-1 ighted; light-lit-lit report n./v.报告，公布 n. 记者eg: A reporter is reporting the news. Have you heard of the report about it? It is repo

15、rted that 据报道. （It is said/believed/reportedthat） area n.地域，地区，面积eg: no-smoking area 无烟区；a picnic area 野餐区； fishing area 钓鱼区eg: China has an area of about 9, 600, 000 square kilometers. wood n,木头，木 eg: The desk is made of wood. woods树林 in the woods在树林里 wooden adj.木制的（通常做定语）；呆板的，僵硬的，木讷的eg： a wooden c

16、hair/bridge/boxeg: The actor playing the father was too wooden. window n,窗户 flash light n.手电筒，火炬 match n.火柴；比赛eg: Don, t play with matches. eg: The football match is wonderful. v.搭配；与相称.eg: The tie matches your skirt well.eg: Match the words with the pictures. beat v.敲打 beat-beat-beateneg: beat a dr

17、um eg: His heart was beating fast when he won the prize.赢得，获胜，打败 1. beat+人（竞争对手或球队等）2. win +战争，奖牌，比赛，游戏eg: Chinese team all the other teams and the game. against prep.倚，撞，反对，对抗,预防，抵御eg: He is standing against the wall.eg: I am against（smoke） in the public.（对应词: prep.支持）Eg: Are you for or against the

18、 plan? beat against 敲打，击打 eg: The rain beats against the windows. asleep adj. 睡着.对应词： be asleep睡着（强调状态，可以持续） fall asleep睡着（强调动作，是瞬间动词）eg: My father fell asleep while he was reading newspapers.eg: The baby is asleep. Be quiet, please.Eg: How long has he ? （A. been asleep B. Fallen asleep） die down 逐渐

19、变弱，消失（指火势由强到弱，植物慢慢枯萎, 风声，雨声，掌声，战争，愤怒等由强到弱）eg: The fire/wind is dying down.eg: The bus died down at the bus station. die out熄灭，灭绝（不复存在）eg: This kind of bird died out in the world. rise vi.升起，增加，提高（客观，非人为的） pt. pp.eg: The sun is rising in the east. eg: Prices are rising.区别：raise vt.抬起，举起，筹集,抚养eg: rais

20、e the desk/your handeg: raise money eg: raise children/ cows fallen adj.跌倒的，落下的eg: fallen trees/houses/leaves fall vi.落下，掉下 f pt. pp.eg: Snow is falling fast.1. fall down （from）倒塌，倒下，滑倒eg: Babies often fall down when they learn to walk.eg: The boy hit the tree so hard that he fell down.2. fall off跌落

21、；从,掉下来eg: He fell off the bike. = fell down from the bike.3. fall over跌倒，绊倒（强调向前跌倒，摔倒）eg: She fell over a cat in the hallway.4. fall into 落入eg: He fell into the river.5. fall on +时间词 发生在时间；适逢eg: My birthday falls on a Mondaythis year.6. fall behind sb/sth 落后，落在后面 eg: He fell behind other students. a

22、part adv.别离,分开 eg: Our homes are two miles apart.我们的家两英里远。 eg: He lives apart from his parents.他和父母分开住。break.,apart 把分开eg: The earthquake broke many families apart.Aapart from. 除了 (相当于 except, besides, except for)Eg: I didnt eat anything all day, apart from a hamburger, eg: Apart from the ending, it

23、 is really a good film.Eg: Apart from her house in London, Ellen also has a villa in Japan.(做梦口巴？) have a look 看一看 eg: May I have a look at your new watch? icy adj.冰冷的，覆盖着冰的 ice n.冰eg: The road was icy after the snow. eg: icy water/wind kid n.孩子；.v.开玩笑，欺骗eg: He is just a kid. Dont be angry with him.

24、eg: He is just kidding. realize v.理解，领会；认识到，实现eg: I realized that I made a big mistake.eg: I hope that you can realize your dream.(人+realize)=I hope that your dream can come true.(物+come true)make one，s way to 前往.;费力地前行 eg: When the rainstorm came, I was making my way to school. passage n.章节，段落；通道，走

25、廊Eg: Read the following passage and answer the questions. pupil n,小学生 eg: You are no longer a pupil. completely adv.完全地，彻底地eg: He is completely wrong. complete adj.完整的；v.完成(相当于finish) eg: a complete storyeg： It is not easy for him to complete (build)the house in a week. shocked ., adj,受震惊的，惊愕的eg: We

26、 were too shocked to say a word.be shocked at/by sthEg: He was shocked at/by the bad news/what happened to his son. be shocked to doeg: He is shocked to hear the news. = It shocked him to hear the news, (shock v.)Eg: Tom was shocked to see her again. = shocking adj.；令人震惊的 eg: a shocking accident sho

27、ck v.震惊，冲击；n.意外的事件/情况(一般用单数)；震惊eg: It shocked me that the bank had closed.eg:The news of his death was e shock to us.eg: He was shaking with shock. silence . n.沉默，缄默 in silence eg: Everyone is waiting in si1ence/si1ent1y. adj. silent 沉默的 keep silent 保持沉默 keep silence 保持安静=be quiet adv. silently 沉默地

28、recently adv.最近，不久前 Llately)常用于现在完成时eg:I have been very busy recently. recent adj.近来的，不久前的in recent years近几年来 take down 撤除，记录下eg: He took down the old house.eg: Students took down what the teacher said. terrorist n.恐怖分子.eg: I was shocked to see what the terrorists had done. date n.日期，日子；约会；椰枣 the da

29、te of birth (=birthday) 一Whats the date today? - Its Dec, 25th. have a date with sb 和某人约会eg: Ive got a date with Lucy tomorrow. blind date初次约会 tower n.塔，塔楼 eg: Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔 at first最初，起初，首先 truth n,实情，事实 tell the truth 说实话 eg: Please tell the truth. to tell the truth 老实说 eg: To tell the truth, I have no idea what the truth is. true adj.真实的 一.false 虚假的 eg: a true story eg: That can，t betrue. truly adv.真正地，真诚地eg: You must speak truly. truthful adj.真实的，老实的eg: a truthful answer 一个老实的回答