2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步培优Unit 3 Environmental protection Section Ⅳ 写作指导.docx

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1、Unit 3 Section IV夯基提能作业I .阅读理解A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16 . Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adju

2、st the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.In the past one hundred years, huma

3、ns have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources （资源）：land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide （二 氧化碳）in the air comes from burning the rainforests. Pe

4、ople obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests

5、may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the worlds wood supply.Rainforests are often called the worlds drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined

6、for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world9s shrinking rainforests.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了热带雨林的功能以及给人类带来的好处。1. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they D .A. reflect more heat into the atmosphereB. bring about high rai

7、nfall throughout the worldC. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16 D. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth解析：细节理解题。从第一段第二句话可知“热带雨林能吸收太阳的热量”。故答案为 Do2. What does the underlined word this in the third paragraph refer to? AA. We will lose much more than we can gain.B Humans h

8、ave begun destroying rainforests.C. People have a strong desire for resources.D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.解析：词义猜想题。从第三段后面的说明中可知人们失去的会比得到的多。故答案为Ao3. It can be inferred from the text that B .A. we can get enough resources without rainforestsB there is great medicine potential

9、 in rainforestsC. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained landD. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns解析：推理判断题。从最后一段的数字可知热带雨林中有着丰富的“药材”。故答案为Bo4. What might be the best title for the text? CA. How to Save RainforestsB. How to Protect NatureC. Rainforests and the EnvironmentD. Rai

10、nforests and Medical Development解析：标题归纳题。本文是在向读者介绍热带雨林减少会对环境造成的影响，呼吁人们 要保护热带雨林，进而保护整个人类生存的环境。故答案为C。II.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange or red? L C Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rat

11、her follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. 2. A If you happen to love brown, you did so, as

12、soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.E. F A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 4. B A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used t

13、o be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the areauntil it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.5. D It is an established fact that factory workers work bet

14、ter, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.A. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as we grow upwe are bom with our preference.B On the other hand, black is depressing.C. If you do, you must be an opti

15、mist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life.D. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.E. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.F. Colours do influence our moods一there is no doubt about it.G. The rooms are painted in different colours as you l

16、ike.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。你最喜欢什么颜色？心理学家告诉我们亮色使人精力充 沛，而暗色让人压抑。解析：1 .根据上句“你喜欢黄色、橙色和红色吗？ ”以及空后提到的喜欢灰色的人比拟内向， 常常扮演服从者的角色可推断出此处表示喜欢这类明亮颜色的人应该乐观积极，会扮演领导 者的角色。应选C。2 .心理学家告诉我们，我们生来就有自己喜欢的颜色。应选A。3 .文章提到黄色让人开心放松，红色让人在悲伤的冬日感到温暖快乐，又说到泰晤士 河上的黑色的大桥是很多人自杀的地方，故本段在讲颜色确实会影响我们的心情。应选F。4 .空前提到黄色和红色带给人的积极的影响而空后说到泰晤士河上的黑色的大桥是很 多人

17、自杀的地方，因此此处应为过渡句，应表示另一方面，即黑色给人压抑、沮丧的感觉。 应选Bo5 .下句说到当机器被粉刷成橙色时，工人的工作效率更高，事故更少，最后还是在肯 定亮色对人们的积极影响。应选D。III.完形填空I enjoy photographing everything in nature, especially wild horses. I first 1 , C Albertas wild horses 20 years ago. Ever since, I had wanted to see and photograph them. A friend of mine, who l

18、oves wild animals, got to know my 2, A and last year, I was lucky enough to be invited to see the wild horses in the Williams Creek area of Alberta with him. It was an amazing 3. B .On our first visit we 4, D more than 100 horses. Since then, we have been back to the same area three more times.One t

19、ime, while taking photos of a herd （群）of around 30 horses, I didnt 5. B that not 20 feet away, a young horse was sleeping behind a tree. Suddenly, he 6. A , jumped up and just stood there 7, D me to take photos of him. As I was photographing him, the herd stud （种马） noticed how 8. B the little horse

20、was to me and came running over, snaking his neck with his ears back, as if warning the young horse, “ Danger, get away! ” The young horse didnt seem to understand what he was being told and didnt 9. A, until his mom came over to get him. I didnt feel unsafe at all by the horse being close to me and

21、 10. B taking photos.Another time, I 11 . C to take photos of a young horse running and jumping for the joy of it. He was having 12. A all by himself while the rest of his herd ate grass peacefully it made me feel 13 C .Having been out with the wild animals several times now, I hope to 14. D again a

22、s often as possible! They give me complete peace of mind. Im thankful for having the chance to spend time with them. These horses are born wild and 15. A, and should always remain so.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢摄影，尤其喜欢拍摄野马。屡次拍摄野马的经 历不仅让作者了解了野马的天性，而且意识到野马应该自由自在地生活在大自然中。1. A. followedB. foundC. heard aboutD. wo

23、rried about解析：由下文中的“I had wanted to see and photograph them”以及be invited to see the wild horses in the Williams Creek area of Alberta with him”可知，20 年前“我第一次“听说(heard about)”(力口拿大)阿尔伯塔省的野马。2. A. wishB.promiseC. suggestionD.problem解析：设空处指作者想去看阿尔伯塔省的野马并给它们拍照的心愿，wish符合语境。3. A. relationshipB.experienceC.

24、 opinionD.lesson解析：由上文中的“I was lucky enough to be invited to see the wild horses”可知，朋友请 “我”和他一起去看阿尔伯塔省的野马。那是一次奇妙的“经历(experience)”。4. A. raisedB. ledC. protectedD. saw解析：由上文中的“to see”以及本句中的“our first visit可知，我们第一次去那儿“见到 (saw)” 100多匹野马。5. A. believeB. realizeC. acceptD. imagine解析：由下文中的“Suddenly”可知，“我”

25、没有“注意到(realize)”有一匹马驹在树后面 睡觉。6. A. awokeB. ranC. fellD. walked解析：由上文中的a young horse was sleeping behind a tree”以及本句中的 u Suddenly, he jumped up and just stood there v 可知，突然，那匹马驹“醒来了(awoke)”。7. A. teachingB. warningC. askingD. allowing解析：由下文中的“As I was photographing him”以及The young horse didnt seem to

26、 understand what he was being told”可知，马驹站在那里“让(allowing)” “我”给它拍照。8. A. importantB. closeC. strangeD. special解析：由 “as if warning the young horse, Danger, get away! ” 以及下文中的“by the horse being close to me”可知，种马注意到马驹离“我”很“近(close)”。它似乎在警告马驹，“有 危险(Danger),离开这里！ ”。9. A. moveB. lookC. comeD. stay解析：由The

27、young horse didnt seem to understand what he was being told可知，那匹马 驹一直都没“动(move)” ,直到母马来“接(get)”它。B. keptC. stoppedD.regretted10. A. avoidedby the horse being close to me”可知,解析：由本句中的“I didnt feel unsafe at all“我” “一直(kept)”拍摄。B. forgotD. failed11. A. agreedC. managed解析:由上文中的 “One time, while taking p

28、hotos of a herd (群)of around 30 horses”以及 本句中的“Anothertime”可知，有一次，“我”“试图(managed)”拍摄一匹欢腾的马驹。B powerD. chances12. A. funC. interests解析：由上文中的“running and jumping for the joy of it”可知，马驹很欢快，fun符合语 境。13. A. lostB. lonelyC. relaxedD. excited解析：由上文中的“joy” peacefully”以及下文中的“They give me complete peace of m

29、ind.”可知,此处表示这个场景让“我”感到很“放松(relaxed)”。14. A. attendB. chooseC. rememberD. visit解析：由上文中的“our first visit”以及本句中的“again”可知，“我”希望再去看看那些 野马,visit符合语境。15. A. freeB. similarC. nervousD. unsafe角星析：由上文中的a young horse was sleeping behind a tree. Suddenly. and just stood there”以及 a young horse running and jumpi

30、ng for the joy (欢乐)of it” 和“the rest of his herd ate grass peacefully”可知，那些野马天性“自由(free)”狂野。IV.应用文写作大熊猫是中国的国宝。请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文，介绍大熊猫。1 .大熊猫是中国的稀有动物，也是世界稀有动物之一；2 .大熊猫生长在山里，以竹笋为食；由于山林遭到破坏，竹子被砍伐，觅食越来越困 难，濒临灭绝；3 .我国已经建立数个自然保护区，但需要更多的资金；4 .希望大家伸出援助之手来保护它们。注意：词数80左右。参考范文：The giant panda is a rare animal in

31、China, and also one of the rare animals in the world.The giant panda lives in the mountains, which feeds on bamboo shoots. With forests being destroyed and bamboos cut down, its difficult for giant pandas to find food for themselves. To protect pandas, China has set up some nature reserves, but more money is needed to carry out this important rescue project.We hope that people will lend a helping hand to save the giant pandas.