北京市部分区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读表达.docx

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1、北京市局部区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编阅读表达北京市昌平区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分涕42题3分涕43题5分洪12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答下列问题。The Secret to Improving Your MemoryIf you want to improve your memory, you need to know how your brain works. You might be surprised to hear that your lifestyle habits mi

2、ght be making it difficult for you to correctly record each piece of information, experience, or learning.It would appear that the secret to improving your memory is really simple. Its to take breaks. As a matter of fact, the brain has more limited energy resources than you probably think. Therefore

3、, it tires quickly and its levels of attention begin to drop after about 30 to 45 minutes.The hippocampus is the area of your brain thats responsible fbr consolidating （巩固）your short-term memories in the long term. Furthermore, for this consolidation to be possible, there must be an connection with

4、different regions of the cerebral cortex （大脑皮层）.Currently, we know that, for best connectivity, we must rest. Therefore, factors such as tiredness, negative feelings, or stress make it difficult to connect one area to the other.Michaela Dewar, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh in the Unite

5、d Kingdom, conducted a study with other experts to understand how to improve memory consolidation processes. What they found was that something as simple as taking breaks of between nine and 15 minutes improves memory, both in healthy people and in those with neurological damage.However, there5s one

6、 small detail thats important. The rest must be real rest. In other words, you should go to a quiet space and not have any distractions （分心的事）around you. This includes not having your cell phone nearby. The secret to improving your memory requires you to rest for between ten and 15 minutes leaving y

7、our mind completely empty. In fact, knowing how to rest is decisive for your cognitive function, balancing your emotions, and renewing your energy.Your lifestyle plays an extremely important role in the way your memory functions. Rest isnt wasting time. In fact, allowing yourself small breaks is inv

8、esting in your health and well-being.40. What is the secret to improve your memory?41. What factors may influence the connection between different regions of cerebral cortex?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Taking rests is important

9、 for your memory and spending about 15 minutes in playing with your phone will help improve it.43. In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do to improve your memory?【31题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中 “Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.（焦虑是一种以强烈的恐

10、惧和担忧为特征的感觉）”可知，焦虑是一种以强烈的恐惧和 担忧为特征的感觉。故答案为 Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.【32题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中 “Good stress, something now referred to as eustress, keeps us motivated and excited about life. It appears that some degree of anxiety may have similar “silver li

11、nings”.（好的压力，现在被称为正面压力，让我们对生活充满动力和激情。某种程度的焦虑 似乎也有类似的“一线希望”）可知，正面压力让我们对生活充满动力和激情。故答案为 Eustress keeps us motivated and excited about life.【33题详解】考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中 “Anxiety may help you feel more motivated and prepared when faced with challenges. Research has shown that students and athletes who experien

12、ced some anxiety actually performed better on tests or in competitive sports.（在面对挑战时,焦虑会让你更 有动力，更有准备。研究说明，经历某种焦虑的学生和运发动实际上在考试或竞技运动中表 现得更好）”可知，错误局部为“students with some anxiety are sure to perform worse on tests?, 因为经历过焦虑的学生实际上在测试中表现得更好。故答案为Research has shown that students with some anxiety are sure t

13、o perform worse on tests. Because students who experienced some anxiety actually performed better on tests.【34题详解】开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你将如何处理生活中的焦虑？可回答：在我们的日常生 活中，我们可以通过容纳更多或移除产生最大压力的体积来处理焦虑。例如，当我感到焦虑 的时候，我会去跑步，用这种方式来释放压力。故答案为In our daily life we can deal with anxiety by accommodating more or removing th

14、e volume that was creating the most pressure. For example, when I feel anxious, I will go running to release the pressure in this way.北京市西城区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）【答案】53. Personal life stories and experiences.54. By finding the humor that suits the audience.55. Because comedy adjusts to life c

15、hanges and the edge keeps moving as well.56. Yes. Because humor helps me forget the troubles in my life and see the positive and positive things in my life, which gives me the strength to move on.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是值得笑的事情及笑的意义。【53题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段的 “For me, they are about personal life stories and

16、 experiences.（对 我来说，它们是关于个人生活的故事和经历。）”可知，值得笑的事情是关于个人生活的故 事和经历，故答案为 Personal life stories and experiences.【54题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段的 “The best of them keep working it out until they find the humor that suits them and strikes the right string and, hopefully, the laughter string of an audience.（他们 中最优秀的人一直在努

17、力，直到他们找到适合观众的幽默，并拨对了弦，希望是观众的笑 弦可知，最好的喜剧演员通过找到适合观众的幽默来让人们笑，故答案为By finding the humor that suits the audience.【55题详解】考查细节理解。根据最后一段的 “As comedy adjusts to life changes, the edge keeps moving as well. Thats what time does to comedy随着喜剧适应生活的变化，边缘也在不断移动。这就是 时间对喜剧的影响。）”可知，喜剧需要改变是因为喜剧适应生活的变化，边缘也在不断移 动，故答案为 B

18、ecause comedy adjusts to life changes and the edge keeps moving as well.【56题详解】考查推理判断。根据我的个人经验，幽默对我的生活是有帮助的，因为幽默帮助我忘记生活 中的烦恼，看到生活中积极向上的事情，这给了我继续前进的力量。故答案为Yes. Because humor helps me forget the troubles in my life and see the positive and positive things in my life, which gives me the strength to mov

19、e on.（In about 40 words）北京市朝阳区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答下列问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。For many people, one of the best examples of creative genius was Albert Einstein, the physicist who came up with the Theory of Relativity （相对论）.However, what they dont k

20、now is that Einstein had specific techniques he used to develop his ability to think creatively and freely.The main approach Einstein took was possibility thinking”. It means getting away from our familiar thoughts and trying to imagine many other possible things, no matter how unbelievable they mig

21、ht seem. Einstein had a special technique to do this, and he called it “the thought experiment”, which is simply an experiment you do inside your own head. The most famous thought experiment is the one Einstein used to get himself on the path towards the Theory of Relativity. Einstein was interested

22、 in light and the speed of light and its relationship to time, and he often imagined himself riding on a line of sunlight. He said using his imagination like this allowed him to understand some of the relationships between light and time.Basically, how we experience time depends on where we are and

23、what we are doing. Einstein explained it as follows: When youre talking to a pretty girl, an hour seems like a minute. If you sit on a hot fire, a minute seems like an hour. Thats relativity. But in order to make possibility thinking effective, we have to give ourselves opportunities to practice it.

24、 Many people say their thinking time“ is when theyre taking a bath, or when theyre on the bus to work or school. But Einstein believed its important to devote certain time every day to creative thinking: whatever problem or idea it is that interests you, set aside some time every day to thinking abo

25、ut it.Einstein also believed in thinking about a problem for a long time and not giving up: as he once said “I think and think fbr months and years. Ninety-nine times, the conclusion is false. Thehundredth time I am right.50. How did Einstein get himself on the path towards the Theory of Relativity?

26、51. According to this passage, what does the relativity of time mean?52. What did Einstein believe in as being important for thinking?53. What do you think of creative thinking? Explain why. （In about 40 words）北京市房山区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文

27、回答下列问题。How AI Will Impact the Future of Work and LifeAI, or artificial intelligence, seems to be on the tip of everyones tongue these days. While fve been aware of this major trend in tech development for a while, Ive noticed AI appearing more and more as one of the most in-demand areas of expertise

28、 for job seekers.Im sure that for many of us, the term AI conjures up sci-fi fantasies or fear about robots taking over the world. The depictions of AI in the media have run the gamut, and while no one can predict exactly how it will evolve in the future, the current trends and developments paint a

29、much different picture of how AI will become part of our lives.In reality, AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop. Data shows that the use of AI in many sectors of business has grown by 270% over the last

30、four years.But what will AI mean for the future of work? As computers and technology have evolved, this has been one of the most pressing questions. As with many technological developments throughout history, the advancement of artificial intelligence has created fears that human workers will become

31、 obsolete.The reality is probably a lot less dire, but maybe even more complicated.What is AI?Before we do a deep dive on the ways in which AI will impact the future of work, its important to start simple: what is AI? A straightforward definition from Britannica states that artificial intelligence i

32、s “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.”“AI” has become a catchall term to describe any advancements in computing, systems and technology in which computer programs can perform tasks or solve problems that requir

33、e the kind of reason we associate with human intelligence, even learning from past processes.This ability to learn is a key component of AL Algorithms, like the dreaded Facebook algorithm that replaced all our friends with sponsored content, are often associated with ALAI will probably not make huma

34、n workers obsolete, at least not for a long time.40. According to the passage, what is AP？41. How does AI affect our life?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. No one can predict exactly how AI will develop in the future, and the key com

35、ponent of it has not been found.43. Will AI replace the jobs of humans in the future? Please give your reasons. (In about 40 words)北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）第一节（共4小题；第47、48、49小题各2分，第50小题4分，共10分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答下列问题。keustressWe often hear about the negative aspects of anxiety, but could there b

36、e any advantages or benefits that come from living with anxiety? Anxiety is a feeling that is often characterized by intense fear and worry.Many individuals with anxiety describe it as a feeling of nervousness and fear that can be distracting and all-consuming. It is typically experienced on many le

37、vels, affecting ones emotions and leading to uncomfortable physical sensations, and negative thoughts. However, have you ever considered some of the possible positive effects that may come with having anxiety? Scientists have learned that some degree of stress or anxiety isnt necessarily a bad thing

38、. Good stress, something now referred to as eustress, keeps us motivated and excited about life. It appears that some degree of anxiety may have similar “silver linings”.Anxiety may be just the warning sign you need to bring awareness to your current situation and make some necessary changes in your

39、 life. For example, you may find that you have a friendship that is no longer working, or perhaps your job is causing a great deal of stress. Your anxiety can be difficult to manage, but exploring and coping with your anxiety can be a real opportunity for self-growth.Anxiety may help you feel more m

40、otivated and prepared when faced with challenges. Research has shown that students and athletes who experienced some anxiety actually performed better on tests or in competitive sports. For instance, perhaps your anxiety assists you in putting extra effort into work or personal tasks, making a good

41、impression, or moving towards your goals.People who have dealt with anxiety may be more sympathetic and understanding to the problems that others face. Having gone through personal struggles yourself, you may be more sensitive, loving, and accepting when friends and family members are dealing with p

42、ersonal challenges.Even though there can be some potential benefits to experiencing anxiety, it is worthwhile to point that it can also become a real hindrance to many aspects of your life. If anxiety is preventing you from living the life you desire, then it may be time to get professional help.31.

43、 What is anxiety according to the passage?32. What can eustress do to us?33. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Research has shown that students with some anxiety are sure to perform worse on tests.34. How will you deal with anxiety in yo

44、ur life? (In about 40 words)北京市西城区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）W.阅读表达（共4小题;每题2分，共8分）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问 题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Laughing MattersMaking people laugh connects us to one another. But what are laughing matters related to? For me, they are about personal life stories a

45、nd experiences. Life will always change, and therefore laughing matters vary accordingly. While we may not have the same experiences, everyone can relate to observations on life, family, and the varieties of behavior we all encounter every day as we go about life.Laughing matters are dedicated to ma

46、king laughter a part of daily life and building a healthier and less stressful outlook. It can end tense situations. It always breaks the ice and brings people together. At home, it brings the family closer. A friend once told me how his dad collected jokes in a box and wrote them down on cards so h

47、e wouldnt forget them and then told jokes at the dinner table. I could relate to that. My older brother used to bring home joke books and read them to me when I was 10 or 11 years old, which had a great impact on me.Great comedians view life in different ways. Some of them can tell a relatable story

48、 about life and it will be funny, reminding the audience of similar situations and getting huge laughs. Others will look at a similar observation in life and tell a very different story from a very different angle with a very different delivery. The best of them keep working it out until they find t

49、he humor that suits them and strikes the right string and, hopefully, the laughter string of an audience.People will always relate to the human story with all its challenges. One good thing about life is that it changes and develops. Life itself never gets old and is always feeding a laugh. As a result, comedians are constantly pushing the envelope because what the previous generation found funny becomes fore