2023初高英语衔接讲义第17讲-高中新题型之语法填空题型解读与解题技巧 （学生版+解析版）.docx

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1、第17讲高中新题型之语法填空题型解读与解题技巧题型解读语法填空重在语境中考查考生的语法和词汇综合语言运用能力。它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语 文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空 根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。解题步骤一般来说，解题步骤为：1 .通读全文，理解大意；.确定固定搭配，使句子前后连贯；2 .分析句子结构或分析语义确定所填词汇；.语法是否正确，逻辑是否合理。语法填空考点分布.有提示词类：一般设置7个小题高频 考点谓语动词12题：考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超 过1题，答案最多三个单词。

2、非谓语动词13题：考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设1题。派生词13题:考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、 形容词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。名词01题:主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。形容词和副词类01题：主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比拟级或最 局级。低频 考点代词：01题。一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容 词性物主代词、反身代词等。2.无提示词类：一般设置3个小题Toys are not the only things made in China. Once I wanted to buy a pair of baske

3、tball65(shoe). he explains. But I had to visit five or six stores before 66 (find)a pair made in America! He realized that Americans can 67 (hard) avoid buying products made in China. In fact, he continues, there were many other things there made in Chinafootballs, handbags, pet food, mobile phones.

4、 68 American flags are made in China! Kang Jian thinks its great that China is so good at making 69(this)ever)day things. However, he hopes that 70 the future China will also get better at makinghigh-technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.Test 8阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

5、确形式.All around the world, families celebrate special days together. Traditions for these days 71 (be) very different. Some of them may surprise you.Families in most countries have a special day to celebrate mothers. In Serbia, this day is on 72 second Sunday before Christmas. On that day, children s

6、neak (溜)into their 73 (mother) bedroom and tie her feet with ribbon (丝带)so that she cant get out of bed. Then they shout, “Mothers Day, Mothers Day! What will you pay 74(get) away?” Then the mother gives them small 75(treat) and presents aspayment so that the kids “firee her.In China, they say that

7、babies are one year old when they are born. After that, all children celebrate their birthday on New Years Day because thats when they grow a year 76 (old). Actual birthdays77 (celebrate) with a big family meal. The tradition is that the “birthday boy or “birthday girl” should fill their mouth 78 as

8、 many long noodles as they can79then eat them. This is 80 inChinese culture, long noodles are a symbol that people will live long.Test 9阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One day, a tramp(流浪汉)was sleeping on a park bench, 81 (satisfy) with the afternoon sunshine. A couple walked by. The husband sto

9、pped to wake the tramp up and asked, 4tExcuse me, but do you have the time?” The tramp replied, am sorry. 1 dont have a watch, 821 dont know the time. The man apologized andwalked away with his wife.The tramp lay down and went back to sleep. Just then, a woman, 83 was out walking the dog, shook the

10、tramps shoulder until he woke up, and said, “I am sorry to trouble you, but do you happen 84 (know) the The tramp was a little annoyed at 85 (wake) up again, but he 86 (polite) told the woman he didn,t have a watch and he had no idea of the time. After the woman left, an idea occurred 87 the tramp.

11、He opened his bag and took out a pen and a piece of paper. He wrote down with all his 88 (strong), 4tI do not have a watch. I do not know the time. He then hung the paper round his neck 89 (think) that nobody would hold him back in his sleep. Fifteen minutes 90 (late), a policeman noticed the tramp

12、and the sign around his neck. Out of a sense of responsibility, he woke the tramp up and said, “It is 2:30 pm.”Testi 0阅读以下材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, food is usually eaten with 91 (chopstick).Chopsticks ar

13、c usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also 92 (make) of plastic or mental. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. 93 (true) elegant chopsticks might be with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods 94 metal to create special designs.Five thousand yea

14、rs ago, Chinese people probably cooked their food in large pots, 95(use) branchesto remove it. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with branches 96 gradually turned into chopsticks.Some people think (hat (he great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived 97551 to 479 BC, influencedthe 98 (develop

15、) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and99 (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks arc not used everywhere in Asia. In India, most people traditionally cat00 theirhands.真题初体验(2021全国乙卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as lo

16、w impact (影口向)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop)

17、of the local areas.Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with (he environmental movemeni of the 1970s. Il was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due (o 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventur

18、e travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:, Minimize (he impact of 67 (visit) (he place., Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices., Provide 68 (financc)aid and other

19、 benefits for local peoples., Make sure that the tourism provides experiences fbr both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足)and accommo

20、dations aim70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.(2021新高考I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles songtlThe Long and Winding Road”.56 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds yo

21、u see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will58 (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, (he 59 (hot) the sp

22、ring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us60(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is (he only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it

23、 highlights the whole adventure 62 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63 (ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear，and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in 64.While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is 65 must to visit!第17讲高中

24、新题型之语法填空题型解读与解题技巧题型解读语法填空重在语境中考查考生的语法和词汇综合语言运用能力。它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语 文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空 根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。解题步骤一般来说，解题步骤为：1 .通读全文，理解大意；.确定固定搭配，使句子前后连贯；2 .分析句子结构或分析语义确定所填词汇；.语法是否正确，逻辑是否合理。语法填空考点分布1.有提示词类：一般设置7个小题局频 考点谓语动词12题：考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超 过1题，答案最多三个单词。非谓语动词

25、13题：考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设1题。派生词13题:考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、 形容词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。名诃0-1题：主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名诃的所有格。形容词和副词 类01题：主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比拟级或最 高级。低频 考点代词：01题。一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容 词性物主代词、反身代词等。2.无提示词类：一般设置3个小题高 频 考 点介词01题：重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一 般不涉及短语介词。冠词01题：重点考查成词的特指、泛指用法或固定搭配中的成词， 一般不涉及

26、零冠词。附属联词02题：侧重于定语从句的引导词。此外，名词性从句、状语从 句的引导词也偶有涉及。低 频 考 点并列连词01题：并列句的关联词也偶有涉及。其他01题：包括助动词(如强调谓语动词的do, does, did；构成部 分倒装的do, does, did；构成般疑问句的do, does, did),构 成强调结构的it或that,连接性副词(befoie, ago, however, anyway.)等。考点解析与解题技巧考点一：冠词无提示词名词之前实例印证：1. There once were a goat and a donkey. So the farmer killed 40g

27、oat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.【答案和解析】the表示特指。2. When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was 35shy , nervous perfectionist.【答案和解析】a表示泛指。3. .the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 40 small town some 20 kilometers

28、 away【答案和解析】a表示泛指。4. I still remember taking 22 visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.【答案和解析】a表示泛指。考查语法点：定冠词，不定冠词的用法解题技巧以下情况很可能填a/an（1）+可数名词（单数）；+形容词+可数名词（单数）。以下情况下很可能填the（1）（+定语）+名词+ of等介词短语（表示特指）：（2）（+定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指）：（3）（+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）。实例印证：1. Hesamazing si

29、nger, a music video director, a business owner and he【答案和解析】an表示泛指，amazing首字母发元音音标，所以用an2. One way that Americans do this is with _ firm hand shake.【答案和解析】a表示泛指。3. This is law of American-of all successful people.【答案和解析】the表示特指，有限定范围：of all successful people.4.hour honest boy 8-year-old boy X-ray ph

30、oto/umbrella/American【答案和解析】an表示泛指，同时，因为首字母发元音音标。考点二：介词无提示词：注意搭配问题与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语，补语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语In short, I believe that it is 39J great use to keep a dairy in English.答案和解析】of考查固定短语be of great use很实用When I took the money from her grandparents, i looked back 34J the girl, who was giving me themo

31、st optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen.【答案和解析】at 考查固定短语look back at回头看She found some good quality pipes sale.【答案和解析】on考查固定短语on sale在售He was very tired doing this for a whole day.【答案和解析】after考查固定短语：after doing this在做过这个一整天之后，很累了。考查语法点：介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点三：代词 无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。 指示

32、代词（ii和ihis）,不定代词，it用作引导词，反身代词等She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable Christinas present for her father.【答案】itWhen the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused.【答案】herIt has been said before, but experien

33、cing it myself has made want to say it again: a smile.【答案】me考查语法点：代词的基本用法解题技巧因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会 放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、 指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。在名词前作定语就只能用形 容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句引导词无提示词两个主谓结构连接Historically, it was famous for industry, which

34、 explains J 6 the area is called the Black Country.【答案和解析】why考杳定语从句的关系副词从历史上看，它以工业闻名，这也解释了为什么这个地区被称为“黑人之乡1. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.【答案和解析】when考查定语从句的关系副词Jane paused

35、 in front of a counter sonic attractive tics were on display.【答案和解析where考查定语从句的关系副词简在陈列着一些漂亮领带的柜台前停了下来。2. One day, he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.【答案和解析】that考查同谓语从句，解释先行词idea.有一天，他想出了一个主意一把所有的庄稼都拔掉几英寸。考查语法点：各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法解题技巧(I)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词。常见的并列连词有

36、：and; or; but;while;however, so , for, otherwise, both.and.; not only.but also.; neither .nor.;either.or.;(2)假设两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否那么，句 子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and. but. while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体 的某个连词。常见的连接词有：定语从句的引导词：关系代词：t

37、hat/which/who/whom/whose/as关系副词：when ; where;why名词性从句：if； whether;what等状语从句：if ;when ; unless;before;after 等。考点五：谓语动词有提示词与主语构成主谓结构I was certain she would like it because I (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.【答案和解析】was (old考查被动语态根据线索词by和语境的时态决定为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是 I,谓语动词用was.1. His fear of fa

38、ilure(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 【答案和解析】kept考查一般过去时态。根据语境得知用一般过去时态Being too anxious to help an event develop often(result) in the contrary to our intention.【答案和解析】results考查谓语动词的数。主语是动名词，谓语动词用单数，因为描述的是客观真理，用 一般现在时态。考查语法点：谓语动词的时态及语态，及主谓致【答案和解析】考点六：非谓

39、语动词有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式We must also consider (he reaction of the person 32(receive) the gift.【答案和解析】receiving考查现在分词短语作后置定语。1. .I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left(complete) the rest!【答案和解析】t。complete考查动词不定式表示目的My pupils, Donnie 40(include), adored her.【答案和解析】included此处表示被动，过去分词做状语。2. Before t

40、he waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked a( me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise).【答案和解析】raised考查with的复合结构:wiih+n+分词，此处表示被动关系用过去分词形式。服务员还没来得及描述菜单，我的朋友就扬起眉毛看着我考查语法点：非谓语动词及变形的使用考点七：词性转换.有提示词介词，冠词，所有格后接名词，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子“Thirty-five cents,“ she said 36(rude).【答案和解析】rudely考查

41、副词修饰动词As tar as I am concerned, my 37J(suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.【答案和解析】suggestion考查名词作主语This proverb is saying wc have to let things go in their(nature) course.【答案和解析】natural考查形容词修饰名词。1. (doubt), although there is still room for improv

42、ement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.【答案和解析】Undoubtedly考查副词作状语。亳无疑问，虽然这项政策还有改进的空间，但我认为它仍然是个好的政策，给学生和国家带来的好处大 于坏处。考查语法点：各类词性的正确使用及转化考点八：形容词的级有提示词通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有ihe时，一般要用最高级；ihan的前面一定要用比 较级l.Onc of the 33(bad) gif

43、t choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher.【答案和解析】worst one of+thc +最高级+名词，其中最.的东西. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you, in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt(lon

44、ely) than I had expected (hat night.【答案和解析】less lonely根据提示词than知道用比拟级，同时根据语境知道用否认意义的比拟级。我们一直在笑自己完全无法用语言交流。当我要离开的时候，我用韩语说了声“谢谢”，用了一些我学过的单 词。那天晚上，我感到没有我想象的那么孤独。2. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the(great) writers of our time.【答案和解析greatest one of+the +最高级+

45、人：其中最.的人小结一 .根据句子结构，确定词性一般有提示词：动词，名词，形容词，副词.无提示词：冠词，介词，连词，代词.二 .根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词，不定冠词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词连词并列句及复合句介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配考点解析与解题技巧高介词01题：重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一 般不涉及短语介词。频冠词01题：重点考查冠词的特指、泛指用法或固定搭配中的冠词，考一般不涉及零冠词。点附属联词02题：侧重于定语从句的引导词。此外，名词性从句、状语从 句的引导词也偶有涉及。低 频 考 点并列连词01题：并列句的关联词也偶有涉

46、及。其他01题:包括助动词(如强调谓语动词的do, does, did；构成部 分倒装的do, does, did；构成 般疑问句的do, does, did),构 成强调结构的it或that,连接性副词(befbre, ago, however, anyway.)等。考点一：冠词无提示词名词之前实例印证：1. There once were a goat and a donkey. So the fanner killed 40goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.2. When I see a child subject

47、 to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was 35shy , nervous perfectionist.3. .the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 40 small town some 20 kilometers awayI still remember taking 221 visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.考查语法点：定冠词，不定冠词的用法解题技巧以下情况很可能填a/an（1）+可数名词（单数）；（2）+形容词+可数名词（单数）。以下情况下很可能填the（I）（+定语）+名词+ of等介词短语（表示特指）；谓语动词谓语动词的时态及语态，及主谓一致 非谓语 非谓语动词to do, doing, done及变形 词性变化词汇，构词法 解题四步走1通读全文，理解大意2 .分析句子，确定词性.根据语义，确定词形3 .检查搭配，前后连贯 检测训练 能力提升Test 1Will you eat everything in your lunch box today? If not, will you save i