特殊句型在英语高考书面表达中得运用.doc

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1、作文写作中高频句型的运用一. It 作形式主语/形式宾语的句型。代替不定式（或不定式复合结构）、动名词（或动名词复合结构）或从句表示的真正的主语。1. It is + 过去分词 +that.= sb/sth is. to do（say，report，think，believe，hope，expect，agree，accept，decide，determine，plan，understand，know）例： It is said that the couple have gotten divorced. =The couple are said to have gotten divorced.练

2、习 ：高级衍生用法造句It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic policies to control population growth.（必须指出的是）It is commonly/ widely/ universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. （全世界都知道）当动词用demand，request，require，order，suggest，advise，recommend等时，用虚拟。 It is suggested that they should b

3、egin with the third question.2 It is形容词 +that.It is (un)likely、probable、(im)possible that.（很有可能； 其中只有likely 可以用人作主语）It is clear、obvious、evident、apparent that.很显然能用于这个句形型的形容词有下列形容词之后that从句的虚拟语气必须用 should：incredible令人难以置信的，natural自然的， strange奇怪的，absurd荒谬的，amazing令人惊慌的，annoying令人烦恼的，astonishing令人震惊的，im

4、possible不可能的，interesting有趣的，ludicrous滑稽的，normal正常的，odd古怪的， ridiculous荒唐可笑的， silly傻的，surprising令人惊奇的，unnatural反常的，unthinkable不可思议的，wonderful奇异的等。例： It is absurd and ridiculous that he should behave so！他竟然如此表现，真是荒唐可笑！ 练习： Its important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.（=Its of much i

5、mportance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.）3. It is + 名词 It is our duty/ responsibility to doIt is no use / a waste of time doingIt is a pity/shame that（should） 竟然（4）It+动词（to sb.）that= sb/sth+动词to do（ appear，seem，chance，happen，occur，turn out ）It happened/chanced that they were out

6、.（= They happened/chanced to be out.）it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后(enjoy、like、love, dislike, hate, appreciate, dont mind, be fond of )1. it is high/ about time that该句型中that后应该用虚拟语气，译为“该是的时候”了 用_ 时态表示虚拟 should + 动词原形，其中should （能/ 不能）省略练习：该是时候采取行动保护地球了。_7. It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + My brother is goi

7、ng to work in a small factory . It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work. I didnt meet my old friend until yesterday.(notuntil 的强调)It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句）It was evening whe

8、n I came back. It was in the evening that I came back.练习：重要的不是你所说的话，而是你是说话的方式。It is not .but.that matters._倒装当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后句子要用部分倒装。如：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。Only by shouting can he make himself heard. 他只

9、有叫喊才能让别人听到他。Only _what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。A. when he returned home did he realize B. when returned he did he realizeC. when did he return he realized D. when he returned home he realized此外，一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装，这些结构包括at no time by no means for no reason in no case; in/under no circumstan

10、ces in no way on no account at no time例如Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.Not only. but also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如： Not only Mr Lin but also his son joined the Party two years ago. （连接两个主语） I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. （连接两个谓语动词） He plays not only the piano but a

11、lso the violin. （连接两个宾语） They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory. （连接两个地点状语） 4. not only but also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。例如： Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. 10. not only A but also B = B as well as A， 但前者的强调重点在 B ；后者的强调重点也在 B .例如： It co

12、ncerns not only me but also you. （ = It concerns you as well as me. ） 2. not only but also 连接两个分句，并且 not only 位于句首时，前倒后不倒。例如： Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. 练习：Not only did he speak English correctly， but also he speaks it fluently. (说英语)电视不仅乏味还浪费很多时间。他不仅结交了一个朋友，还学到了很

13、多中国的文化和历史。what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所的”，“的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。1. 宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾词）。例如：Dont tell me what you want. 2. 主语从句。例如：What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。3. 表语从句。例如：Patience is a

14、kind of quality and thats what it takes to do anything well. 4. 同位语从句（用在idea, message等名词后）。例如。I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。After _seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.A. what B. when C. that D. which相当于the thing that/ all that/ everything thatSo t

15、hat/ so.thatso. that.句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是“如此/这么以致于”1. 常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 2. so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句。例如：She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much. 她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。It was so good an exhibition that I went to see it seve

16、ral times. 展览是那么好，结果我就去看了好几次。It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。三、so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句引导目的状语从句时可译为为了 ,引导结果状语从句时可译为以便如：I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.(目的状语从句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy

17、it immediately .(结果状语从句)He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好成绩。 He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。 1. 当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.

18、天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 Time is so precious that we cant afford to waste it.So_As引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子或意见事情，意为“正如”as分句可前可后，也可插入主句之中。As引导的非限制性定语从句常备看作固定表达，也可

19、看作句子间的过渡连接语，是英语中非常地道的表达方式。as is shown in the picture/ as the picture shows正如图表显示的那样as can be seen from the graph/ as we can see from the graph正如图表显示的那样as is known to all/ as we all know.众所周知as is expected/ planned.as has been pointed out.as is mentioned/ stated above,.as is often the case,.as time g

20、oes by= with time_2. 引as引导的这种让步状语从句语气比较强，语体正规，经常用于书面语言，意为“尽管，虽然”。从句需要进行倒装。表语as主语系动词1.表语经常是由形容词、分词、或名词充当；2.名词用作表语时，其前不能加用冠词；3.从句的主语是名词时，其主谓语序要倒装。1.Young as he is，he is equal to the task.2.Crowded as the restaurant was，they tried to find a table.3.Child as he was，he knew what was the right thing to do

21、. 2.Early as we got there，our teacher was there before us.状语as主语谓语动词这一结构中的谓语动词一般是行为动词，即可以是及物动词（带宾语）也可以是不及物动词。1.Hard as he studied，he did not get good marks in the exam.考例：_, I have never seen anyone who”s as capable as John. (2001 上海)A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much （C）Although/Though he is a student, he tires his best to make contributions to help people in need._