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1、四级写作常见题型:一、问题解决型 二、现象解释型三、对比选择型 四、观点论证型2009年12月真题1)建设绿色校园十分重要2)绿色校园不仅指绿环境 3)为了建设绿色校园,我们应该2008年12月真题1) 一次性塑料袋曾广为使用2) 由此带来的问题3) 限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义名校校园正成为旅游新热点1) 校园是否应对游客开放,人们看法不同2) 我认为a) 社会上存在许多不诚实现象b) 诚实利人利己,做人应该诚实一、问题解决型: It is generally accepted that + 问题。Therefore, how to +问题is worth paying more attent
2、ion to. Some effective measures have been taken to +解决该问题. First/Above all+方法1。Secondly/Moreover+方法2Thirdly/In addition+方法3 As far as I am concerned+对问题做出总体评价。However, its worth noting that + 应该注意事项。Therefore, 点名主题,总结全文 模版例文 Create a Green Campus It is generally accepted that “Green campus” is, to s
3、ome extent, a relatively new concept to us. Therefore, how to create a green campus is worth paying more attention to. Some effective measures have been taken to create a “green campus”. Firstly, as university students, we should take part in environmental protection activities. Secondly, we should
4、abide rules of saving natural resources, such as water and electricity. Thirdly, we might as well attend lectures on “sustainable development” so as to raise the awareness of environmental protection. As far as I am concerned, “green campus” will do good to both the campus and the whole society. How
5、ever, it is worth noting that some people still havent realized this point. Therefore, we should give publicity to the importance of creating a “green campus” and try our best to solve these problems.二、 现象解释型 In modern society, 总述现象。The main reason for该现象is 原因1. Moreover, 原因2 is also an important fa
6、ctor for 该现象。 As everyone sees, 该现象can bring great effect to For example, 影响1. Whats more, 影响2. In addition, 影响3. From my point of view, 对该想象做出评价:评价1,评价2. In a word 总结全文。模版例文 Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags In modern societies, disposable plastic bags have been widely used in our daily l
7、ife. When we go shopping, in big supermarkets, we will always be provided with plastic bags for free. Moreover, most people have been used to using disposable plastic bags as containers for almost everything. As everyone sees, disposable plastic bags have brought great negative effects on our enviro
8、nment. For example, these plastic bags are the main source of white pollution. Whats more, plastic bags can not disappear by natural decomposition, so they will exist for a long time. Besides, some people throw them away casually after use because they are very cheap. From my point of view, limiting
9、 the use of disposable plastic bags is of great significance. For one thing, the ban on free plastic bags encourages people to use paper or cloth bags, which is favorable to the reduction of environmental pollution. For another, it can help increase the whole nations consciousness of the importance
10、of environmental protection. To conclude, by limiting the use of disposable plastic bags, everyone can contribute some effort to the improvement of our environment.三、对比选择型When it comes to 谈论主题, there is no complete agreement among people. Some people take for granted that, however, others maintain t
11、hat.Those people who hold the first opinion believe that +观点1. In addition, they insist that +观点1理由。 However, still others think differently. In their opinion+观点2. Besides, they argue that +观点2理由。Weighing up these two arguments, I prefer the former/ latter one. For one thing+理由1. For another+理由2. Co
12、nsidering these, I may conclude模版例文:Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? When it comes to whether the university campus should be open to tourists, there is no complete agreement among people. Some people take it for granted that university campus should embrace tourists across the coun
13、try. However, others maintain that the university campus should be closed to tourists. Those people who hold the first opinion believe that refusing tourists is contradicting universities openness of spirit. In addition, they insist that no university has the right to reject tourists to enter its gr
14、ounds because it is public land. However, still others think differently. In their opinion, too many tourists will add a burden to the security of the university. Besides, they argue that these tourists will destroy the quiet environment and influence students normal study. Weighing up these two arg
15、uments, I prefer the former opinion. For one thing, by visiting the university, high school students can experience the campus atmosphere and be stimulated to make a better preparation for the college entrance exam. For another, a university is a public place and should impart the spirit of openness
16、. Considering these, I may reasonably conclude that the university campus should welcome all tourists.四、观点论证型 Nowadays, there still exists +及论点相冲突想象. However+文章论点. The following reasons can support the argument. Undoubtedly, 论据1,进一步说明论据1. Furthermore, 论据2. For example, 支持论据2的事例. In addition, 论据3. Al
17、l mentioned above tell us that 重申观点. Therefore, we should 正确态度或做法.模版例文:It Pays to Be Honest Nowadays, there still exist many dishonest phenomena, such as cheating, overcharging, producing or selling fake commodities. However, in the long run, dishonesty can bring many disadvantages while it pays to
18、be honest. The following reasons can support the argument. Undoubtedly, being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to ourselves. If you are honest, those who associate with you will certainly profit from you and in turn you will win trust and respect from them. Furthermore, honesty can h
19、elp build up a more stable and harmonious society. For example, Singapore, which is a society of trust whothiness, has a comparatively low criminal rate. In addition, being honest is essential for a countrys survival in the modern world, since only an honest country would have won support from other
20、 countries if it were in trouble. All mentioned above tell us that it pays to be honest. Only in an honest society can people fully enjoy their life. Therefore, we should foster the spirit of honesty and let dishonesty have no place to stay in our society. 写作模板提纲式作文1 对立观点式 a. 有人认为x 是好事,赞成x, 为什么?b. 有
21、人认为x 是坏事, 反对x,为什么?c. 我的看法。 some people are in favor of the idea of doing x. they point out the fact that 支持x 的第一个原因。they also argue that 支持x 的另一个原因。however, other people stand on a different ground. they consider it harmful to do x. they firmly point out that 反对x 的第一个理由。 an example can give the deta
22、ils of this argument: there is some truth in both arguments. but i think the advantages of x overweigh the disadvantages. in addition to the abovementioned negative effects it might bring about, x also may x 的有一个坏处。 2 批驳观点式 a一个错误观点。 b 我不同意。 many people argue that 错误观点。by saying that, they mean 对这个观点
23、的进一步解释。an example they have presented is that 一个例子。(according to a survey performed by x on a group of y, almost 80 of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 there might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. but if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 及错误观点相反的观点。th
24、ere are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。3 社会问题(现象)式 a一个社会问题或者现象b 产生的原因 c对社会和我们生活的影响 d 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)e 前景的预测。 nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (x has increasingly become a common concern of the public). according to a survey,
25、调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 there are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 x has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 a dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent x from bringin
26、g us more harm. 同上based on the above discussions, i can easily forecast that more and more people will . 辩论式议论文模版1 some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. but other people take an opposite side. they firmly believe that 观点2. as for me, i agree to the former/latter idea. there are a do
27、zen of reasons behind my belief. first of all, 论据1. more importantly, 论据2. most important of all, 论据3. in summary, 总结观点. as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心.或:from above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2 people hold different views about x. some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others poi
28、nt out that 观点2. as far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. for one thing, 论据1.for another, 论据2. last but not the least, 论据3. to conclude, 总结观点. as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心. 或 from above, we can predict that 预测. 模版3 there is no consensus of opinions among p
29、eople about x(争论的焦点)。some people are of the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。as far as i am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. the reasons are obvious. first of all, 论据1。 furthermore, 论据2。among all of the supporting evidences,
30、 one is the strongest. that is, 论据3。 a natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 as a college student, i am supposed to 表决心. 或 from above, we can predict that 预测.(三)作文模板1以利及弊为重心的写作模板1)三段式Para 1 Introduction (对题目内容的说明)e.g. With the rapid development of (e.g. information technology/ ec
31、onomy/ peoples living standard), Para 2 Advantages and disadvantages and support evidencee.g. As the old saying goes, every coin has two sides/ However,everything divides into two. This is not an exception. It also has its advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, it has advantages. Firstly, (A
32、rgument+ support evidence). Secondly, (Argument+ support evidence). On the other hand, it also has disadvantages. Firstly, (Argument+ support evidence). Secondly, (Argument+ support evidence)Para 3 Conclusion (可以直接重复前文所阐述过的东西; 也可以加上自己的观点)e.g. In short, has both its advantages and disadvantages. But
33、I think2)四段式Para 1 Introduction (对题目内容的说明)e.g. With the rapid development of (e.g. information technology/ economy/ peoples living standard), As the old saying goes, every coin has two sides/ However,everything divides into two. This is not an exception. It also has its advantages and disadvantages.
34、Para 2 Advantages and support evidencee.g. On the one hand, it has advantages. Firstly, (Argument+ support evidence). Secondly, (Argument+ support evidence).Para 3 Disadvantages and support evidencee.g. On the other hand, it also has disadvantages. Firstly, (Argument+ support evidence). Secondly, (A
35、rgument+ support evidence).Para 4 Conclusion (可以直接重复前文所阐述过的东西; 也可以加上自己的观点)e.g. In short, has both its advantages and disadvantages. But I think2. 以我的观点为重心的写作模板(主要是三段式)Para 1 Introduction (对题目内容的说明)e.g. With the rapid development of (e.g. information technology/ economy/ peoples living standard), e.g
36、. There is a (public/ general/ heated/ impassioned) debate/ discussion/ controversy nowadays over/ on / concerning the issue/ problem of Those who criticize/ oppose/ object to contend/ argue that They believe that But people who advocate/ favor/ are for , on the other hand, maintain/ assert that e.g
37、. Now it is commonly/ generally/ widely believed/ held/ accepted/ recognized that Some people are of the opinion that /Some people hold the belief/ view that /Many people have the idea that However, many others disagree that Both sides of the question of whether are well supported by sound reasons.P
38、ara 2 State your standpoint (for or against); explanation to your standpoint and support evidence可以在第一段末就表明自己的观点,也可以在第二段开头表明自己的观点。可以采用如下套句:1. Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinion.2. Personally, I stand on the side of 3. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the opinion that 4. For
39、 my part, I completely agree with the former/ latter.5. I fully agree with the statement that There are three reasons for this. /The reasons for this are as follows. / The reason for this is obvious. / The reason for this is that. /We have good reason to believe that. / The reasons are chiefly as fo
40、llows.Firstly, (Argument+ support evidence). Secondly, (Argument+ support evidence). Last but not the least, (Argument+ support evidence).Para 3 Conclusion 注:在阐述利及弊或自己的观点时要注意观点(论点)及论据相结合。论据最好是statistics及your experiences, examples, etc 相结合,交换使用。 1) 使用statistics: e.g. 1. According to a(n) survey/ inve
41、stigation/ analysis/ statistics/ report released/ conducted/ made by , there is a growing/ increasing/ declining number of who/ which 2. Once in a newspaper/ magazine, I hit upon ( came across) a/ the report that2)使用experiences & examples:e.g. Firstly, shopping on the internet can save much time. Ac
42、cording to a report released by the central government, shopping on the internet can save 56% time.(statistics) Secondly, shopping on the internet can save a lot of money. For instance, last week I bought a book on the internet. It costs me only 12 yuan. But if I buy it in a bookstore, I will have t
43、o spend 43 yuan.(experiences and examples)图画作文模板1现象型现象现象现象意义现象观点2观点型观点观点审题目看图选择模板打第一段草稿描述图画阐述意义现象趋势建议措施原因分析举例说明有些词汇要有变化,比如少用picture 而用drawing观点型Indicated above is a vivid cartoon/caricature/graph/bar chart/photo that depicts _. Obviously ,_.But this is the key message conveyed by the drawing .The mo
44、st striking feature of drawing is that _is marked as both 名词 and 名词, which indicates that _.The sense of _,Gods greatest gift to mankind ,is universally considered the most valuable personality a man can possess. Everybody not only do sth ,but also should _. Numerous cases exist to illustrate how im
45、portant_is.When_,sb will_. Or when _,sb will_. By doing so ,sb have done sth which is like_.现象型Indicated above is a vivid cartoon/caricature/graph/bar chart/photo that_.In the picture presented to us,_;on the contrary/ unexpectedly/ ironically/as a comparison, _. Consequently/Accordingly ,_.Obviousl
46、y ,(好的现象)this is no flash in the pan /(坏的现象)this is a mirror of that society.In that mirror ,we can see that ,over the past couple of years, certain common and disturbing/alarming/exciting changes/phenomena have taken placed in the society and created serious concerns over the role of sth. Simple as
47、 the drawing is ,the author tends to convey a more profound meaning that has to be taken seriously .事物1 in the picture naturally reminds people of _,while 事物2 is usually associated with _.Thanks to/Due to原因1 and 原因2, 图画结果. Should this situation go unleashed/continues ,as a famous professor says ,趋势一By the time,趋势二(1) It is imperative for us to take positive measures to put it on hold. For one thing,措施一;for another,措施二;still,措施三.Only in this way can we have a brigter future.(2) On the basis of analysis ,we can confidently p
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