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1、- 建筑学专业英语翻译1.1 新建筑时代的文化融合Since the 1990s, China has obviously speeded up its steps to open the architectural field to the outside world. That is fully testified by its extensive adoption of the competition mechanism,introducing international bidding for some important constructions. As a result, vis
2、ions of domestic architects have been expanded, their mentality updated, and a number of prominent masterworks created.The successful bidding for quite a few major projects by foreign architects marks the beginning of Chinas accession into the international community in the architectural sector. 自20
3、世纪90年代开始,中国明显加快了向世界开放建筑领域的步伐,此事通过中国广泛采纳竞争机制,为一些重要建筑引入国际招标可以得到充分证实。由此,国内建筑师的眼见得以被扩充,心态得到升华,大量的知名建筑被创造。大量的重要建筑项目被国外的建筑师成功中标,标志着在建筑方面中国融入国际社会的开始。Just like the countrys accession into the World Trade Organization, which originally provoked controversies among some Chinese people who worried aboutabout t
4、he fate of the domestic en- terprises, only a temporary sacrifice of domestic architectural sectors can create chances for theirfuture success in ever-increasing international competitions. 正如中国加入世界贸易组织一样,一些中国人担心国内企业的命运,只是暂时牺牲国内建筑行业,在不断增加的国际竞争中创造 未来的成功几会。We still remember the words sighed out by a p
5、articipating Chinese group of architects after the first round of review of the designing bidding for the National Center for the Performing Arts. We admit our inferiority to foreign competitors, they said. 我们还记得一个参与国家表演艺术中心投标的中国团队的建筑师们在第一轮审查之后的叹气。我们承认相比外国竞争对手我们的劣势,“他们说。Paul Andreu, a renowned Frenc
6、h architects, finally won the tender of the project. In its following layout improvements and construction, a lot of Chinese architects were involved. Such kinds of interactions and cooperation with foreign architects are undoubtedly helpful for our domesticcounterparts. 保罗安德鲁,法国著名建筑师,最终赢得了该项目的投标。很多
7、中国建筑师参与了其接下来的布局的改进和建设。这种同外国建筑师的互动与合作无疑对我们国内同行有帮助。The Water Cube, the National swimming center especially built for the Beijing Olympics, was also the product of cooperation between Chinese and foreign architects. But the designing inspi- ration of the marvelous building originally came from our Chin
8、ese architects and it won a prize in the 2004 biennial architecture exhibition held in Venice. This was a persuasive example that Chinese architects, once integrated into international environment, can also come up with world-class works. 国家游泳中心水立方,特别为北京奥运会而建,也是中外建筑师合作的产物。但这座神奇建筑的设计灵感来自于我们的中国建筑师,并且它
9、在威尼斯举行的2004届建筑展览会上获得了大奖。这是一个有说服力的例子,表明中国建筑师一旦融入国际环境,也可以拿出世界一流的作品。Another example is the Tianjin-based 350 meter-high Sinosteel International Plaza. Chinese architect Ma Yansong overpowered competitors in the competitive international bidding for the building. 另一个例子是天津的高350米的中钢国际大厦。中国建筑师马岩松在该建筑的国际竞争性
10、招标中力压其他竞争者。Architecture is a kind of art, which knows no national boundary. The successful tenders for Chinese projects by foreign architects in recent years are mostly the worlds fist-class ones. Just artists, modern architects hate to imitate others works. Creativity and uniqueness are ultimate pu
11、rsuit for worlds top architects and duplication is regarded to be the work of commonplace craftsmen. 众所周知,建筑是一种无国界的艺术。近几年来,外国建筑师对中国项目的成功投标大多是世界首例的。只是艺术家,现代建筑师讨厌模仿别人的作品。创造力和独特性是世界顶级建筑师的终极追求,重复复制则被认为是普通工匠的工作。There is no doubt that the beauty of the modern arts, including architecture, is not the synon
12、ym for a new, unique or bizarre appearance, but modern aesthetics often contains these elements. 毫无疑问,包含建筑学的现代艺术的美,不是新的、独特的或奇异的外观的代名词,但现代美学 往往包含这些元素。The well-known Sydney Opera House the paramount masterpiece among a lot of excellent post- modern architectures. Its new-type architectural style and i
13、nspiring shape have received encomi- ums from across the world. The 30-year-old architecture was listed by the United Nations as a human heritage, marking itself as the youngest human heritage among the worlds architectures.著名的悉尼歌剧院是众多优秀的后现代建筑中最重要的杰作。新型的建筑凤格和鼓舞人心的造型已经收到了来自世界各地的赞美。这一30岁的建筑被联合国列为人类遗产,
14、这标志着它成为 世界上最年轻的人类遗产。Over the past decade, hundreds of Chinas architectures have been erected with the designs of foreign architects. Among these high-rise constructions, some are worth praising. They include the towering Jinmou Mansion in Shanghai Pudong New Area. The inspiration for the skyscraper
15、comes from the shape of Chinese ancient pagodas. 在过去的十年中,数百个由外国建筑师设计的中国建筑耸立起来。在这些高层建筑中,有些是值得称颂的。他们包括上海浦东新区高耸的 金茂大厦,这一摩天大楼的灵感来自中国古老的佛塔的外形。Ren Koolhaas, chief designer of the China Central Television twin towers, like Jacques Herzog, designer of the Birds Nest, the National Stadium as the venue of the
16、 Beijing Olympics track and field items, is a winner of the renowned Pritzker Architecture Prize. The successful connection of the twin towers heavy cantilevers steel-structure can be a new breakthrough in the history of human architecture. 雷姆.库晗斯是中国中央电视台双塔的首席设计师,正如贾可赫尔 佐格是作为北京奥运会田径项目比赛扬地的国家体育馆鸟巢的设计
17、师,是著名的普利茨克建筑奖得玉之一。双塔的大悬臂钢结构的成功连接可以说是人类建筑史上的一个新突破。The construction of the National Center for the Performing Arts once caused great controversies, which mainly involved its egg-shaped, round exterior. Some critics thought this kind of shapes is in disharmony with neighboring buildings. 国家大剧院的建设曾引起很大争
18、议,玉要涉及它的蛋形、球形外观。一些评论家认为这种形状与邻近的建筑物不和谐。However, it creates a contrasting visual effect with the surrounding historical architectures, such as the imposing Great Hall of the People, mysterious Zhongnanhai, which accommodates he headquarters of the Communist Party of China and the state Council, and th
19、e serene Rear Lake,Shichahai, and Beihai Lake, all historical spots yards away. 然而,它与周围的历史建筑创造了一种对比的视觉效果,如人民大会堂,包括中央党总部和国务院的神秘的中南海,以及宁静的后海,什刹海,和北海等所有周围的历史景点。The Water Cube is one of the high points of the sprawling Beijing Olympics constructions. The square architecture was also built in an aestheti
20、c, visual perspective. Lying in a lower profile with the more imposing and higher Birds Nest, the Water Cube leaves more room to the more marvelous steel construction, thus achieving a mind of harmony between the two. 水立方体是北京奥运建设工程的一个高度点。这个方形建筑也是建立在一个审美的,视觉的角度。水立方同更宏 伟和更高的鸟巢相比处于一个较低的外形,给更精彩的钢结构留下更多的
21、空间,从而实现两者 之间的和谐关系。The Birds Nest can be considered a symbol of the new architectures built in the capital. Its mar- velous, complex steel structure has also created a wonder in architectural history. It will forever stand in Beijing like a resplendent jewel for people to visit and appreciate after t
22、he end of this summer Olympics. 鸟巢可以看作是北京新建建筑的象征。它的奇妙的、复杂的钢结构也创造了建筑史上的一个奇迹。它将像一颗璀琛的宝石一样永远伫立在北京,在这个夏季奥运会结束后 供人参观和欣赏。The author is a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. 作者是中国社会科学院 研究员。1.2 住房1.对任何住宅设计进行讨论时,必须包括美的概念,以及如何来评价美。因为美是一个难以捉摸的想法,尽管我们都不愿意承认这一点。关于美的某些方面和设计只能主观地处理,但是,最是容易理解的也可
23、以客观地来审查。2.美不是抽象的,它是真实的。美是在旁观者的眼睛中是没有必要的。它主要是客观的、可量化的。这儿有三个准则是亨利爵士沃顿在十七世纪转述的,来自于公元前一世纪维特鲁威的著作,至今仍然适用,是关于住宅设计的基本测量模块的三个标准。这些标准分别是:便利实用性、稳固性、愉悦舒适性。3.什么是便利实用性,是构建适合它的用途?还是让它看起来像什么一样。我们正在谈论住房的时候可以扪心自问一下,希望它是像加拿大的房子?而不像瑞士别墅或者是詹姆斯一世的庄园或者是加州灰姑娘平房?是材料占有的位置并安排他们,所以才让他们尊重现有的环境?诚实的使用建材不等于住房只能用木材和石材,玻璃和铝可能更合适,事实
24、上,可能在某些情况下会更自然。是否适用会影响平面图,这是在小房子尤为关键。它的循环利用工作是否能做好?房子的分区可以提供生活和安静的区域吗?有足够的空间来做饭、打扫卫生和所有的与从事家庭相关的活动吗?4.稳固性和是否充足的建设有关。是否都是采用优质的材料?是否正确使用技术?是否还有具有良好的工艺?天气会不会影响墙壁和屋顶?有没有不必要的维护?一个住房差到极点是因为,它的不充足建设使它不能成为美的对象。5.愉悦的舒适性是一个奇妙的词,它意味着给旁观者以开心和高兴。同样,我们现在谈的不是抽象的概念,而是可以量化的现实。6.规模涉及的是:人与建筑物或人与场所的大小关系。当我们看一个建筑时,我们希望找
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