2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习--必修第一册　Unit 1　阅读题组——练速度.docx

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1、2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习必修第一册Unit 1阅读题组练速度(35 mins)I .阅读AOn Aug. 13,four Chinese irrigation(灌1既)sites won global recognition and were added to the 2018 list of Heritage Irrigation Structures.Let s look at these amazing sites.DvijiangyanDujiangyan is the oldest and only surviving dam-less irrigation sy

2、stem in the world.More than 2,000 years ago,Chengdu was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River.Li Bing,a local official,studied the situation and designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system,which could control the water flow from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain throughout the year.

3、The Dujiangyan irrigation system has created harmony between man,earth and water.lt is the last remaining ecological project of its kind.Changqu CanalChangqu Canal is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei Province.lt is 48 km long and was originally used to transport soldiers.lt was later used for irrig

4、ationin fact,it is still used to provide water to more than 20 square km of farmland.“The recognition of irrigation heritage is intended to help us better use ancient irrigation projects that are still functioning and preserve our precious historical and cultural heritage/9 says a notice on the offi

5、cial website of the Hubei provincial government.Lingqu CanalLingqu Canal is located in Xing an county,near Guilin,Guangxi Province.As the oldest canal in the world,it has been described as another wonder of the world.The design of the canal is unique/lt magically shows the ease of transportation alo

6、ng the north and south waterways J according to the Travel China Guide.Jiang-Xi DamThe Jiang-Xi Dam in Zhejiang Province actually consists of two dams-the Jiang and Xi dams.Built in the 14th century,it improved the life for local people for centuries.uIt notonly plays an important role in irrigation

7、,but also responds to environmental governance,“ said Ding Kunlun,vice chairman of International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. l.What do we know about Dujiangyan?A.It has no dam and has existed for over 2,000 years.B.Li Bing was tasked to design it as a local official.C.It could control the

8、 Minjiang River most of the time in a year.D.After it was built Chengdu was never threatened by floods.2 . What was the use of Changqu Canal at first?A.Military purpose.B.Water supply.C.Farmland irrigation.D.The ease of transportation.3 . Which of the following has an influence on the ecological env

9、ironment according to the passage?A.Dujiangyan and Changqu Canal.B.Dujiangyan and Jiang-Xi Dam.C.Changqu Canal and Jiang-Xi Dam. D.Dujiangyan and Lingqu Canal.BParker Stewart,a 16-year-old student from Sayre School in America,decided last year that he wanted to study the environment by himself to ha

10、ve a broad influence on the community.In order to reduce the carbon footprint,Stewart planned to produce enough solar energy to power the school s science labs.Now his plan is set to happen.To fix 30 solar panels （太 阳能电池板）is scheduled for late November.As he began his research on solar energy,he dis

11、covered a useful phone app.By entering an addressee could find out how much sunlight the location receives each day.Based on how much sunlight it receives,he found that his school building was the best location.At the suggestion of his science teacher,Debbie Wheeler,he first performed an energy calc

12、ulation of the science lab to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day .Then,he started his research,contacting a local company of solar panels,Synergy Home,to do the job.He lackedmoney for starting the project,so he convinced Sayre s head to support him after explaining the benefits of solar

13、power for the school and community.Since Sayre provided the initial seed money to provide infrastructure （基础设施）and the purchase of one panel,the project has grown to include a total of 30 panels.They are expected to produce enough energy to run all the science labs on campus.“It feels like a dream t

14、o think that an idea I had from my AP Environmental class would have this kind of influence, said Stewart,expressing gratitude for Wheeler? s help.Wheeler said the success of the project was due to Stewart s efforts and willingness to follow through on the project from start to Enish.l ve had other

15、students talk about environmental initiatives （建议）on campus,but Stewart had the persistence and courage to make it happen J she said.Stewart said that he would eventually like to study environmental engineering at Stanford University in California.4 .What did Stewart do with the help of the phone ap

16、p?A.He began his research on solar energy.B.He found a perfect site for his project.C.He did an energy calculation of the science lab.D.He identified the specific address of his school.5 .How did Stewart get the seed money for his project?A.By getting support from his school.B.By asking for help fro

17、m his science teacher.C.By convincing Synergy Home to provide free panels.D.By collecting money from his school and community.6 .Which word can best describe Stewart?A.Faithful.B.Flexible.C.Determined.D.Addicted.7 .What is the passage mainly about? A.Students search for solar energy.8 .A teacher hel

18、ps a student do a project.C.A student plays a part in cutting carbon footprints.D.Students talk about the environmental protection.CWearing a caveman mask,Dr John Marzluff walks across the campus at the University of Washington in Seattle.Crows（乌 鸦）circle and squawk（尖 叫）,diving at him and going away

19、.Beneath the mask,he smiles.Days before he and his students,wearing caveman masks,rapped them and placed colored plastic bands on their legs.Then they released the unhappy birds.When the researchers wandered around campus without the masks,the crows they had caught and banded did not react to them.B

20、ut when the same humans walked by while wearing the masks,the crows scolded loudly and dived at their enemies”.At first,only the banded birds reacted aggressively to the people in masks.But in later tests more and more crows joined in,and even when the banded birds were not around. Crows think and d

21、ream,fight and play,reason and take risks J he says/Their antics confuse us.”This led him to study how crows brains work.He and his students wore one type of mask as they captured crows and brought them into the lab,training them to link that face with danger.Then a different kind of mask for more p

22、ositive activities,such as feeding and caring.Then he worked with scientists at the university who scan animal brains to see which parts of a crow s brain do certain tasks.Surprisingly,the scientists found that when the crow saw the “danger mask,one part of its brain became active. When the crow saw

23、 the feeding and caring mask,a different part of its brain lit up.The team has shown that crows use the same parts of their brains for recognizing what humans do-something that was not known before!More than 10 years after the first mask experiment,campus crows still scold the “cavemen”.Crows also r

24、ecognize people who are kind to them.Crows are always watching us and they remember.8 .Why does DrJohn Marzluff smile? A.He intends to show his kindness. B.He realizes his trick has worked. C.He is amused by the happy crows. D.He is embarrassed at the crows response.9 . What does the underlined word

25、 “antics“ in the third paragraph probably refer to? A.Ways of behaving.B.Hunting types.C.Flying models. D.Chances of survival.10 . Which of the following words can best describe the crows according to the text? A.Sociable,intelligent and observant.B .Noisy,dangerous and annoying.C.Reasonable,cautiou

26、s and aggressive. D.Strong-headed,proud and popular.11 .What can we conclude about crows from the fourth paragraph? A.They share the same wisdom as humans do.B.They never forgive those who once hurt them.C.They only recognize the people who are bad to them. D.They perform tasks with different parts

27、of their brains.DPlastic baby bottles released microplastics when heated.Should you be worried about its side-effects?We still don t have enough evidence of health risks posed by microplastic consumptions by infants or adults.“The last thing we want to do is unduly alarming parentssaid John Boland,a

28、 professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study.While the health effects of microplastics are still unknown,parents can significantly reduce their infants? exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine,Boland said.He recommended let

29、ting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization （7肖毒）in hot water,then washing them out at least three times with water that s been allowed to cool to room temperature after being sterilized by boiling.Researchers here also found that plastic teakettles,plastic instant noodle cups and plast

30、ic food storage containers all released similarly high levels of microplastics when subjected to heat.As for what those microplastics may be doing in our bodies,the evidence so far is quite limited and unclear.Schwabl,another professor,pointed to a need for more research into microplastics released

31、from plastic food storage containers,especially when they are subjected to higher temperatures.He noted some research has found microplastics can cause inflammation （发炎）in the organs,while other studies show they do not harm.The threshold at which they cause problems has not been determined for huma

32、ns,Schwabl said.For now,Schwabl agrees we shouldn t panic.He s avoiding plastic containers in his dailylife一not so much that I am afraid of the ingestion,but I think thereby I may be contributing to reducing the amount of plastic wastethat makes its way into the environment.At the moment,there is no

33、 need to be afraid,but it is an open question and definitely an unmet need.12 .Which factor counts in the release of microplastics?A. T emperature.B .Products.C.Time.D.Containers.13 . Which of the following words can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 2?A.Properly.B.Extremely.C.Obviously.D.Spe

34、cially.14 .What? s Schwab!? s attitude towards microplastics?A.Panic.B.Concerned.C.Indifferent.D.Critical.15 .How is the passage developed?A.By providing the examples.B.By reasoning the readers.C.By analyzing the figures.D.By comparing the findings.n.七选五It s important to develop strong study skills

35、in high school so that you can be prepared for any continuing education or training after you graduate. 1 By repeating them,you will create a new study habit and that will result in improved learning and grades.2 Update it as the term goes on.Make sure you have all the materials with you that you mi

36、ght need.Develop a calm attitude. 3 Nobody learns anything straight away.Set up small rewards for reaching goals.Remember that it takes time to develop a new habit,so set small achievable study goals and reward yourself for reaching them. 4Review the information you ve learned.By creating repetition

37、,you strengthen the memory of what you re studying.Take frequent breaks during your study time.Short bursts of studying are proven to be more effective than hours of cramming.Get up and stretch,clear your mind and relax your muscles before returning to the books.Use thinking skills effectively. 5 If

38、 you re not a good thinker,start now by developing habits that make you ask yourself questions as you read.Talk to other students who you feel are good thinkers.Ask them what it is that they do when they think critically or creatively.Oftentimes,you can pick up valuable insights to help you become a

39、 better thinker.A.Be calm and patient with yourself.B.For that repeat the following study habits daily.C.Obviously,a good habit benefits you all life long.D.This helps keep you motivated and feeling positive.E.At the beginning of a term,prepare a Term Calendar.F.Good thinkers see only dead ends wher

40、e others see possibilities.G.Good thinkers see possibilities where others see only dead ends.答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的四个灌溉工程获得了世界的认 可,并入选2018年世界灌溉工程遗产名录。这四个水利工程分别是四川成都的都江 堰、湖北襄阳的长渠（白起渠）、广西桂林兴安县的灵渠、浙江龙游的姜席堰。1 .A 解析 细节理解题。根据 Dujiangyan 局部“Dujiangyan is the oldest and only surviving dam-less irrigat

41、ion system in the world.More than 2,000 years ago,Chengdu was threatened by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River.Li Bing,a local official,studied the situation and designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system中的dam-less irrigation system”和 “More than 2,000 years ago”可知，都江堰没有水坝，已经存在了 2 000多年。2 .A 解析

42、 细节理解题。根据 Changqu Canal 局部“It is 48 km long and was originally used to transport soldiers.”可知,Changqu Canal最初是用来运送士兵的，因此是用于军事 目的。3 .B 解析 细节理解题。根据 Dujiangyan 局部“The Dujiangyan irrigation system has created harmony between man,earth and water.lt is the last remaining ecological project of its kind.和 J

43、iang-Xi Dam 局部“It not only plays an important role in irrigation,but also responds to environmental governance” 可知,Dujiangyan 和 Jiang-Xi Dam 两个水利工程对 生态环境的和谐开展有影响。【语篇导读】本文是新闻报道。美国Sayre学校16岁的学生Parker Stewart为了减少碳 足迹，在学校的资助下联系太阳能电池板公司Synergy Home安装太阳能电池板,给学校 的科学实验室供电。4 .B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知,通过该手机应用程序，

44、他可以知道 某个地方每天接收多少阳光;根据接收到的日照量，他发现他的学校大楼是接收太阳能的 最正确位置。据此可知，通过手机应用程序，他为太阳能工程找到了完美的场地。5 .A 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“Since Sayre provided the initial seed money to provide infrastructure（基础设施）and the purchase of one panel”可知,Stewart 的学 校为该工程提供了启动资金。6 .C 解析推理判断题。根据第五段第二句可知，老师认为该工程的成功归功于Stewart 的努力和愿意将工程从头到尾贯彻到

45、底的毅力。结合上文，从Stewart确定该工程后开 始选址到联系当地企业和说服校方可以判断,Stewart是一个有决心的人。7 .C解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第二段为全文的主题段;全文围绕这一主题, 讲述了 16岁的学生Stewart为减少碳足迹，利用太阳能为学校的实验室供电。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿大学的John Marzluff博士通过面 具实验发现乌鸦时隔多年之后仍能识别自己的敌人和朋友。8 .B解析细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知,JohnMarzhiff博士和他的学 生之前戴着野人面具敲打过乌鸦，试图检测乌鸦是否能记得他们，当他发现同一批乌鸦袭

46、击他时，他认为自己的实验成功了，于是笑了。9 .A解析词义猜想题。根据第一段尾句、第二段尾句和第三段前两句可知，画线词指 的就是前面描述的乌鸦的行为，故A项“行为方式”与画线词的意思最为接近。10 .A 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But when the same humans walked.dived at their enemies ”和最后一段中的Crows also recognize people who are kind to them”可 知，乌鸦很聪明也善于观察;再根据第三段中的“At first,only the banded birds.more and more

47、crows joined in”可知，乌鸦是群体性的动物,社交性较强。11 .D 解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the scientists found that.a different part of its brain lit up”可知，乌鸦在面对不同任务时，大脑的不同区域在起作用。【破解长难句 1 Then he worked with scientists at the university who scan animal brains to see which parts of a crow s brain do certain tasks.【分析】本句为复合句,who scan

48、 animal brains为定语从句;动词不定式to see作目的状 语;which parts of a crow s brain do certain tasks 为 宾语从 句，作 see 的宾语。【译文】然后，他与大学里的科学家们一起工作，科学家们扫描乌鸦的大脑，看看乌鸦大 脑的哪些局部可以完成特定的任务。【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章讨论了人们是否应该担忧塑料微粒可能对健康产生 影响，作者通过两位教授的观点论证了人们目前没有必要害怕,但是为了环境我们可以选 择尽量少用塑料制品。12 .A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段最后一句可知，塑料制品在被加热 时会释放塑料微粒,所以温度是塑料微粒释放的因素。13 .B 解析词义猜想题。根据第一段中的“We st川don t have enough evidence.by infants or adults”以及第二段中的“The last thing we want to do”可知,我们还没有找到足够 的证据证明塑料微粒会对婴儿或成人的健康造成威胁，所以此处表示我们最不想做的事 情是让父母过度担忧。14.B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的Schwabl,another professor.higher temperatures”可知,他认为有必要进行更多的相关研究，可见他非常关心塑料微粒问题。15.D 解析推理判