2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习--必修第一册　Unit 5　阅读题组——练速度.docx

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1、2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习必修第一册Unit 5阅读题组练速度I .阅读ALocated beside Lake Geneva,the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics.Here are some of the museum s most moving moments.The Olympic ParkThe jou

2、rney through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park,an 8,000-square- mcter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps.The park contains artworks and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.The First Olympic SymbolThe “Olympic Rings“ flag was designed b

3、y Coubertin in 1913.The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics:Africa,Asia,America,Australia and Europe.The six colors include at least one color that is represented on the flag of every country.The StadiumsThe stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celeb

4、ration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship.Gucsts can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums past and present,including one of the games most attractive stadiums,the Bird s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.The Olympic MedalsHave you ever wondered what an Olympic medal look

5、s like?The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze,silver,and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896.Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.1 .Which moment do you see first when explo

6、ring the Olympic Museum?A.The Olympic Park.B.The first Olympic Symbol.C.The Stadiums.D.The Olympic Medals.2 .What can you do in the section of The Stadiums? A.Celebrate the glory of a sportsman.B.Meet the designers of the stadiums. C.Explore the future stadiums.D.Enjoy the model of the Bird, s Nest.

7、3.In which column of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Entertainment. B.Science.C.Travel. D.Business.BLifesaving heart operationWhen Tai Golesworthy was told he needed a lifesaving heart operation in 1993,he said no.Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome （马凡氏综合征）.Back in 1993,when he was living in the we

8、st of England,his doctor told him that the aorta（主动月永）in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably burst unless he underwent a major operation.“They talked through the options,says Golesworthy,“but I was not interested.The operation really didn t look attractive. What he particularly didn

9、t like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation,something that would prevent blood clots （血栓）but presented its own risks:”】 was riding motorbikes then,and skiing,so my whole lifestyle would have been affected.v By 2（）00,however,his condition had worsened.Realizing something had to be d

10、one,Golesworthy put his years of experience as a research and development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself.Learning new stuff and developing new ideas,that was my job, Golesworthy says.The aorta,he thought,needed support on the outside.And wrapping something around the outside of

11、 the aorta would require a special operation.So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner and used 3D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart.Luckily,】d done a lot of work with technical materials,he says.Strong determination coupled with an original yet p

12、ractical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea.In May 2004,at the age of 47,he became the guinea Dig for his own invention.The operation was a success. 4.Why did Tai Golesworthy refuse the operation at first?A.A better solution was on

13、 the way.B.He was afraid of life being affected.C.The risk of the operation tended to cause death.D.He would like to be operated on in his own way. 5.What helped Golesworthy to fix himself?A.His creative spirit.B.Regular exercise.C.Doctors, suggestions.D.His similar experience.6 .What do the underli

14、ned words in the last paragraph “ihe guinea pig” refer to? A.The lovely pet.B.The important assistant.C.The experimental subject.D.The person to raise money.7 .Which words can best describe Tai Golesworthy?A.Creative and kind.B.Strong and imaginative.C.Devoted and generous.D.Determined and brave.CA

15、new report links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.The results follow several earlier studies that found eating eggs was generally healthy.The new report combines data from six other earlier studies.lt shows a 6 percent increased risk of heart disease when the average number of eggs

16、a person cats each day increased by half an egg.In the United States,eggs are generally one of the top sources of cholesterol （胆固醇）in a person s diet.Individuals with higher levels of cholesterol in their diets are at increased risk for the development of heart disease later in life.The team examine

17、d data gathered from six studies that involved a total of 29,615 people.Earlier researchers had followed these people for an average of 17.5 years.At the start,the participants answered questions about the foods they ate.But they were not asked about their diets at any time after that.Over time,ther

18、e were 5,400 heart-related incidents among the group.This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events.lt also included k897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular （心血管的）disease.After examining th

19、e data,Allen s team found a link between egg consumption as reported at the start of the study and people s risk of developing heart disease. As their egg consumption rose,so did their risk.Eggs contain a lot of cholesterol-about 200 milligrams.That is the highest daily amount recommended under curr

20、ent guidelines.Less than one egg a day on average is acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.The study is observational,meaning it can only show there is a link between egg consumption and heart disease.But it cannot prove eggs are the cause of the disease.lt may just be that people eating a lot of

21、 eggs are also consuming a lot of bacon.8 .What were the participants asked about at the start of the study?A.Their birthplaces.B.Their diets.C.Their physical conditions.D.Their ages.9 .What are the statistics in Paragraph 3 about?A.The number of deaths from heart disease.B.The number of treatments

22、for heart disease.C.The number of different causes of heart disease.D.The number of heart disease cases among the participants.10 .What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Eggs are good for everyone.B.Eggs are the cause of heart disease.C.Eating eggs within limits is beneficial.D.Eating eggs h

23、as nothing to do with heart disease.11 .What is the best title for the text?A.Eggs Have Great Nutritional ValueB.Eggs Will Disappear from People s DietC.It Is Much Better to Increase Egg ConsumptionD.Diet Containing Eggs May Be Linked to Heart DiseaseDAsk a classroom of children to draw a scientist,

24、and you II see plenty of colored lab coats and glasses.The image（画像）hasn t changed much since the 1960s,but the person wearing the lab coat is changing.A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids drawings in recent decades-going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to abou

25、t a third in 2016.The first of many 4tdraw-a-scientisf, studies asked nearly 5,000 children to draw a scientist between 1966 and 1977.0f those 5,000 drawings,only 28 drew female scientists.That was just 0.56 percent.Today,female scientists are being presented more in the media.For example,in a conte

26、nt analysis, 13 percent of people pictured in science feature stories of the 1960s were women or girls,compared with 44 percent in the 2000s.That might really affect children s idea on what a scientist should be like,“ says Miller,a Ph.D.candidate in psychology.To look for changes in children s Dcrc

27、eptioo over time,the researchers conducted a meta-analysis,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.On average,28 percent of children drew female scientists in studies conducted from 1965 to 2016.What hasn t changed much:ki

28、ds pick up stereotypes （模式化观念）by gender （性别）as they grow up.At age 6,about 70 percent of the girls in the more recent studies drew female scientists.By age 16,75 percent drew male scientists.This is an important period in which kids are learning stereotypes.lt? s important that teachers and parents

29、present diverse examples of both male and female scientists.12 . What s the picture of scientists drawn by a 1960s kid like?A.A woman with long curly hair.B.A woman with lab glasses.C.A woman in a formal lab suit.D.A man in a colored lab coat.13 .What may contribute to the changes in kids drawings?A

30、.The improvement of women s social status.B.The kids are affected by teachers and parents.C.More female scientists appear in the media.D.The increasing number of female scientists.14 .What does the underlined word “perception in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A. Belief.B.Idea.C.Habit.D.Growth.15.It

31、can be infened from the last paragraph that.A.it s a stereotype that scientists arc generally malesB.girls are more influenced by stereotypes than boysC.some children are born with certain stereotypes D.most children tend to prefer female scientists II.七选五It can be very easy to stick with what you k

32、now,instead of trying to meet people who are different from you. 1 Here s what you can do:Become self-aware. 2 This includes bias （偏见）about your own cultural background.lt can be challcnging,but by doing this you 11 be able to think about how these traits might impact on your approach to understandi

33、ng differences. You could try: Th ink about what assumptions you make about your friends,peers,and people you work with.Talk to someone from a different cultural background.Try and get to know someone from a different cultural background better. 3 You II automatically find out more about their life

34、and experiences.ust being curious and open-minded can be helpful.Be more accepting.Sometimes,for one reason or another,it s not all that easy to understand some cultural differences. 4 In other words,you don t have to understand,or even agree with someone in order to accept them.5 One of the biggest

35、 difficulties to overcome in understanding cultural differences is making judgments based on one opinion. You should do some research to actually leam about people,instead of making broad-brush assessments.Stereotyping （对形成模式化的看法）people from different cultural backgrounds can impact their quality of

36、 life and opportunities.A.Do your own research.B.Think beyond stereotypes.C.Practice being sympathetic towards people.D.Work out your own beliefs,values and personal bias.E.Instead of asking them questions directly,treat them as friends.F.And the best approach is to acknowledge people are different

37、and to accept that is okay. G.However,trying to understand people from other countries can help you experience more.答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是奥林匹克博物馆最感人的一些东西。1 .A 解析 细节理解题。根据 The Olympic Park 局部的“The joumey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park,an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in fr

38、ont of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and the Alps.“可知，当你探索奥林匹克博物馆时，你首先 会看到奥林匹克公园。2 .D 解析细节理解题。根据 The Stadiums 局部的“Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums5 past and present,including one of the games most attractive stadiums,the Bird s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.“可知，在体育馆区，你可

39、以欣赏到鸟 巢的模型。3 .C 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Located beside Lake Geneva,the Olympic Museum houses more than 1 (),00() artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics.Here are some of the museum s most moving moments.”可知，本文是关于旅游的，因此会出现在报纸的旅游专栏。【语篇导读】本文

40、是记叙文。工程师Tai Golesworthy患有马凡氏综合征,需要进行心脏 手术。他有效地利用自己多年的研发工程师经验，用3D打印机打印出了他局部心脏的 真实复制品,对症制造了主动脉外部支撑，并得到了医生的支持。最终手术取得了成功。 4.B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知,手术后必须使用血液稀释剂以防止 血凝块，但这种药物存在着风险，他担忧会影响他的整个生活方式，所以起初他拒绝了手 术。5 .A解析推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知，他认为，学习新东西和开发新想法就是他 的工作。根据第四段第一、二句可知，他认为,主动脉需要外部支撑，在主动脉外面裹上 东西需要特殊手术。又结合下文中的“ori

41、ginal”和“his own invention以及介绍的手术的 成功可以判断，是他的创新精神治好了他。6 .C解析词句猜想题。根据画线局部上句可知，他坚定的决心加上新颖而实用的解决 方案为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持，并帮助他筹集了资金来实现他的想法。根 据本文尾句可知,手术很成功。结合该句中的“for his own invention”可以判断，他自己成 了此项创造的实验对象。故画线词意为“实验对象.D解析推理判断题。根据尾段第一句可知，他坚定的决心和新颖而实用的解决方案 为他赢得了两位一流的外科医生的支持，故他是一位有决心的人。根据第三段倒数第二 句“He decided he

42、would fix himselF何知.他决定自己想方法治疗心脏,据此可以判断，他 是一个勇敢的人。【破解长难句】Back in 1993,when he was living in the west of England,his doctor told him that the aorta(主动脉)in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably burst unless he underwent a major operation.【分析】该句为主从复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句，第一个that引导宾语从句， 其中使用了 s

43、o.that结构，表示“如此以至于”,lhal引导结果状语从句。【译文】早在1993年,当他住在英格兰西部的时候，他的医生告诉他，他的心脏主动脉太 肥大了，如果不进行大手术，迟早会破裂。【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。一项研究认为，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有联系，但是 有科学家对此持不同观点，他们认为鸡蛋不是引起心脏病的原因。7 .B 解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“At the start,the participants answered questions about the foods they ate.”可知，研究开始时，参与者被问到了关于“他们的饮食”的问题。 应选B项。9 .D 解析细

44、节理解题。由第三段“Over lime,lhere were 5,400 hearl-related incidents among the group.This included 2,088 deadly and non-deadly heart disease events and 1,302 deadly and non-deadly stroke events.lt also included 1,897 deadly and non-deadly heart failure events and 113 other deaths from cardiovascular （心血管的）d

45、isease.“可知，本段的统 计数字是关于参与者中心脏疾病病例的数量。10 .C 解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Eggs contain a lot of cholesterolabout 200 milligrams.That is the highest daily amount recommended under cunent guidelines.Less than one egg a day on average is acceptable from a nutritional standpoint.知，从营养角度来看, 每天少于一个鸡蛋是有益的，换句话说,有限度地吃鸡蛋是有益的

46、。11 .D 解析 主旨大意题。由第一段中的A new r 叩 on links eating eggs to an increased risk of heart disease.”可知，第一段提出新的研究结果说明，吃鸡蛋与心脏病风险的增加有 联系,接下来文章用研究参与人员“发生心脏疾病病例”统计数字举证，说明了吃鸡蛋与心 脏病风险的增加有关，所以A项“含鸡蛋的饮食可能与心脏病有关”最能概括本文内容，最 适合作标题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的分析发现，近几十年来，越来越多 的女性科学家出现在儿童绘画中从20世纪60年代的几乎不存在倒2016年的约三 分之一。12 .D

47、解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ask a classroom of children to draw a scientist,and you II see plenty of colored lab coats and glasses.和第二段A new analysis finds that more female scientists have appeared in kids drawings in recent decades-going from nearly nonexistent in the 1960s to about a third in 2016.”可知，在 60 年代

48、孩子画的科 学家图画里没有女性，应选D项。13 .C 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Today,female scientists are being presented more in the media.和“ That might really affect children? s idea on what a scientist should be like/ says Miller,a Ph.D.candidate in psychology.”可知，更多的女性科学家出现在媒体 上可能会导致孩子绘画的变化。14 .B 解析词义猜想题。根据第三段中的“That might really

49、 affect children s idea on what a scientist should be like”及第四段中的“the researchers conducted a meta- analysis,combining data from 78 studies that included a total of more than 20,000 children from kindergarten to the 12th grade.”可知,研究者做研究是为了 了解孩子对科学家的想法, 因此画线词perception的意思是“想法，即idea。15.A 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Wha