航海英语评估考试口述最终版.doc

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1、Describe the proper way of using VHF?When you operate VHF,you should comply the radio regulation.If you want to speak,you should push the key,and if you want to listen,you should slack the key.The general rules of using VHF are as follow:(1)calling on channel 16 for the purpose other than distress u

2、rgency and very brief safety communication;(2)communic ation not related to safety and navigation on port operation channel;(3)non-essential transmissions;(4)the important messages should be repeat;(5)the 13* should be listening every half an hour. Describe the procedures before arrival at a port?At

3、 the bridge,the OOW should turn on the radar and notify the captain.The quartermaster should change the auto pilot to manual pilot under the officer.To communicate with the port by VHF and report the ships ETA,if needs,require a pilot.The engine room should stand by the main engine under the bridge

4、order,check the bridge telegraph and rudder indicator with the bridge.The deck hands should prepare pilot ladder,open the hatch covers,stand by anchor and station on fore and aft. Describe the procedures of pilot-age?At the bridge the OOW should turn on the radar and notify the captain.The quarterma

5、ster should change the auto pilot to manual pilot under the officer.To communicate with the pilot station by VHF and report the ships ETA or ETD.The engine room should stand by the main engine under the bridge order ,check the bridge telegraph and rudder indicator with the bridge.The deck hands shou

6、ld prepare pilot ladder ,prepare a hand rope and a lifebuoy.In the evening,a light should be needed. Describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board?What name,IMO-Class,package of the dangerous cargoes are.these also should be noticed to stevedores.the chief officer should make a stowag

7、e plan according to the IMDG.Before loading or discharging dangerous cargoes ,the officer should tell stevedores how to stow or leave the cargoes where they are stowed and how to segregation them.Hoisted letter B flag and approved by the harbor master .Near the spot,notice NO SOMEKING.When a vessel

8、carrying dangerous cargoes the carrier should take care of the dangerous cargoes .To control the temperature and ventilation during the voyage. Discribe the precaution before entering an encloses pace?The potential danger in an enclosed space are lack of oxide and having dangerous gas.The person who

9、 enters an enclosed may loss his life or cause poison or other dangers .When you want to enter an enclose space,the first you should ventilate the space,the second you should notice chief officer or others,the third you should test the mount of the oxide and dangerous gas in the enclosed space .If a

10、ny doubt ,you should put on self-breath appliances.the important precautions are ventilation,another crew standby. Describe the procedures of cargo stowage?What name IMO-Class package of the angeroes cargoes are .these also should be noticed to stevedores.The chief officer also ask how many tons of

11、dangers cargoes will be carried .Before loading or discharging dangerous cargoes,the officer should tell stevedores how to stow or leave the cargoes,where they are stowed and how to segregation them.Hoisted letter B flog and approved by the harbor master.Near the spot ,notice NO SOMEKING.The carrier

12、 should take care of the dangerous cargoes.To control the temperture and ventilate during the voyage.When a vessel carrying dangerous cargoes ,the chief officer should make a stowage plan according to the IMDG.If any modification of stowage plan,this must be noticed to the chief officer and be appro

13、ved by the chief officer. Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board?The initial response in case of an oil spill is sent oil spilling signal,notice the termination not to pump oil ./According to the SORPE,the first step is stop pump oil,then close the valves and all deck drai

14、nages.The third is to handle the spilling oil with absorbent materials or other means. /To stop pump oil is an important matter.to close the valves and all deck drainages are must be done. Describe how to ensure a proper stowage for general cargo?The term stowage factor means the cargos volume been

15、divided by its weight.It is very important.From it,we can calculate how many cargoes can be carried .For example,if one ships capacity is 12000 cubic metersand a kind of cargos stowage factor is 1.5 cubic meters per ton ,we calculate that ship can carry the cargo 8000 tons in weight.Of course ,the s

16、hips net dead weight is equal or bigger 8000 tons.When we use cargos stowage factor to calculate ships capacity,we must consider the broken space and ships net dead weight .We also should consider that how many holds the ship has and the kinds of cargo.As us usually,we arrange these cargo,which has

17、small stowage factor,in low hold,and those cargo,which has big stowage factor,in the tween-deck. Describe the procedures in handling cargo damage The cargo damages can be divided into original and working damaged. If the damaged is found before loading or discharging,it is known as orginal damaged ,

18、and if the damaged is found during loading or discharging,it is known as working.except for orginal damaged before discharging ,other is not been responsible by the carrier.According to the charter party,the damaged cargo must be surveyed on the spot. When you handle cargo damaged ,you had better su

19、bmit the case to the cargo survey and call him aboard to ascertain the extent of the damaged cargo,so as to determine who will be held responsible.the chief can only sign alist that conforms to the cargo surveys report. Describe the duties of watch-keeping,when underway?when you are on watch-keeping

20、,you will be responsible to the master for the proper performance of his assigned bridge watchstanding and navigation duties.When the ship is underway,the chief officer will be on duty during 4 to 8 and 16-20;the second officer will be on duty during 0-4 and 12-16;the third officer will be on duty d

21、uring 8-12 and 20-24.Aeach,the officers on watch should check the ships positions at least 4 times,change the steering gear from auto-pilot 1 time.they also check ships course,speed,and the weather condition,navigational equipments conditions.the officer dutys spot is at the bridge,they should keep

22、sharp look-out at all time .they can do nothing expect look-out and take proper avoiding actions.usually they should patrol the whole ship once a watch at night for avoid fire or other unnormal things happened . D escribe the bridge shift change ?shifting change is very important for the safety of a

23、 ship.when a officer goes to the bridge for taking over for duty ,he must know the present course speed position and must be satisfied the situation of other very which are near.the relieving officer should go to the bridge 15 minutes advance.firstly ,he should get habit to the sighting especially i

24、n the night.secondly he should ask the relieved the officer something such as ships course speed position .thirdly he should go into the chart room to check the conditions .at night he should read and sign the night order.the change of conn must be clearly stated and logged noting the actual time th

25、at it took place .the relieving officer must sign the night order book to indicate understanding of the masters orders. Describe the difference between navigating in a narrow channel and in traffic separation scheme?If you are a driven power vessel and you are proceeding along the course of a narrow

26、 channel,you shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel which lies on your starboard side as is safe and practicable .you shall avoid cross a channel and anchor in a channel .If you are a driven power vessel and you are using a traffic separation scheme ,you shall proceed in the appropriat

27、e traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow that lane you shall avoid cross lane and anchor in lane,traffic line or separation zone.In traffic separation scheme ,there are traffic line or separation zone but in narrow channel not . Describe briefly the DSC distress alert?The term of DSC

28、meansdigital selective calling.It can to see or to activate a distress call.When you use DSC to sent a distress alert,you are advised to select group calling.The format of a distress alert as follows:MAYDAY,MAYDAY,MAYDAY,This is M.V.ABCD,I am on fire.My position is at,I need fire fighting assistance

29、,over.When using DSC,you should select type of call,notice the priority and proper to use it. Describe advantage various tools or technologies for proper lookout?Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper lookout by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevai

30、ling circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision .the features of radar observation are as follows :(1)limitations of the radar equipment,small vessel ,ice and other floating objects may not by detected by radar at an adequate range;(2)im

31、posed by the radar range scale in use ;Weather and other sources of interference;(3)the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.the advantages of visual lookout are as follow:(1)It is the based me

32、ans of looking-out (2)the situation can be readily apparent ,and so on .There are many tools and technologies to be used in look-out ,for example,when you use a radar ,you should switch the radar standby first ,then you should proper adjust it ,include range tuning,gain,contrast,anti-clutter sea ,an

33、ti-clutter rain.you can detected the bearing and distance of a object with radar. Describe the preparation to be done by the responsibility of prior to arrival?The chief officer is the head of the deck department.He is assisted by a second officer ,a third officer, a bosun a carpenter,and some AB .T

34、he chief is responsible for caring cargo ,for example,m akeing stowage planning ,hold preparation ,loading ,stowage,discharging .The second officer is responsible for watch pertaining to navigation publications and equipment .the third officer is responsible for watch duties pertaining to fire-fight

35、ing appliances and life-saving appliances and maintenance .the are all assigned to bridge to be proper performance watchstanding and navigation duties.The chief officer is responsible to the master for the operation of the department .The chief officer,carpenter and 2-3 ABare assigned to the fore st

36、ation.and the some time ,the second bosun and 2-3 AB are assigned to the aft station.they should prepare to mast lines .The third is at the bridge ,his duty is to carry out the captains or pilots order. Describe fire precaution on board?The third officer is in charge of fire_fighting equipment and l

37、ife-saving equipments.In order to ensure the fire-fighting equipments can be used in the time when vessel is on fire ,the third officer should check the fire equipment on board regularly.for example,to check the CO2 extinguishers by weighting.The procedures of a fire drill is as follows:(1)sound fir

38、e alarm;(2)crew connecting at the station;(3)the chief officer numbers the crew and ask someone what is his duties on a fire-fighting (4)TO drill how to use some of the extinguisher (5)summary the fire dill (6)cancel the alarm. Describe damage control on board?vessel may be making water after collis

39、ion,ground or other marines accident.The third officer should check damaged control equipment regularly.He should check water-proof blanket,blocking mats blocking planks blocking cases ,blocking screws and other damage control.After a vessel is damaged and is making water ,the conditions of damaged

40、and the position of damaged must be investigated immediately.then estimating the conditions of damaged and the position of damaged .according to the fact,taking proper activities to control flooding and pump out flooding-water.The distinct kinds of control making water should be taken to relate diff

41、erent damaged position ,e.g.below water line and above water line. Describe the measures taken on board if aground?when a ship is being aground ,it may be to list ,or trim .According to the different situations,you can decide where is being aground.If your vessel is being aground,I advice you to tak

42、e actions as follows :(1)de-ballast or jettison cargo ,it can make your vessel re-float by reducing its displacement;(2)require tugs can pull or push your vessel from the shallow to deep water (3)waiting the tide ,the depth of water will raise when the tide is rising ,so your vessel may re-flat.(4)s

43、hifting cargoes or liquid,adjusting vessels list,trim,to make the vessels grounded part clear of the bottom,and then you will be re-float.when you pay to re-flat your vessel ,you should take some special ,the first thing is to decide where is ground and the situation .the second is to decide that th

44、e vessel is making water or not. Describe the measures taken on board if on fire?switch on fire alarm immediately while finding fire .the fire alarm is belling for one minute ,and one long blast is indicating fore ;two longblasts is indicating aft;three long blasts is indicating middle ,or bridge;fo

45、ur long blast is indicating the engine room.After the fire has been extinguished ,crew should the fire area every 10 minutes for avoiding the fire re-ignition,sent men for keeping and report.After making sure the fire is not re-ignition,the crew can cancel the fire alarm ,and the chief officer shoul

46、d enter the least damaged in fire-fighting. Describe the procedures of search and rescue operations ?the distress alerts can be transmitted by VHF,DSC,2182,RADIO,GM DSS equipments,EPIRB,NBDP,and so on.distress alerting is the rapid and successful reporting of a distress incident to a unit which can

47、provide assistance.this world be another ship in the vicinity or a rescue co-ordination centre(RCC),When an alert is received by an RCC,normally via a coast station,the RCC will relay the alert to SAR units and to ships in the vicinity of the distress incident.A distress alert should indicate the id

48、entification and position of the distress and,where practicable ,its nature and other information which could be used for rescue operation.To implement a SAR mission ,the ways have :single turn,double turn,Williamson turn ,Scharnow turn,the patterns of search have :expanding square search ,sector se

49、arch ,parallel search ,ship coordinated search. Describe the responses when a person falls overboard ?when a person falls overboard ,the officer on watch should sound alarm signals of man overboard.He also reports it to caption at once.If it possible,he should drop a lifebuoy to the overboard man,turn on the search light to the man.At the same time,the officer on watch should stop the engine,and operate a hard rudder to the side which man overboard.During the ship turning,the officer on watc