2022年现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时 .pdf

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1、学习必备欢迎下载知识点： 现在完成时一.一般现在时用法：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果e.g. Yesterday I finished my homework, thats to say, I have finished my homework now. 过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续e.g. I have lived here since 1990. 二. 现在完成时的构成 have/has+ 过去分词三. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句 He has finished the work. 一般疑问句 Has he finished the work? 否

2、定句 He has not finished the work. 两回答 Yes ,he has. / No, he hasnt. 特殊疑问句 What has he done? 四. 在下列情形下用现在完成时（1）九词语already 已经肯定句中或句尾e.g. I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already. yet 已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g. I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet? ever曾经句中e.g. Have you

3、 ever seen pandas? never从不 句中e.g. I have never been to Beijing. just 刚刚句中e.g. I have just done my work. before以前句尾 e.g. I have never been there before. so far到目前为止e.g. So far he has learnt 200 words. how long 多久 e.g. How long have you lived here? how many times多少次e.g. How many times has he been to B

4、eijing? （2）两词组精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载 havegone to 去了某地例：He has gone to Beijing ( 去了北京 ) havebeen to 去过某地例：He has been to Beijing. ( 去过北京 ) （3）两结构for two monthsfor +一段时间Jim has lived here for 2 months.since last yearsince +过去点时间Lucy has been in Beijing since

5、3 years ago.since 3 years agosince 1990since he came heresince +过去时态句子He has been in China since he came here.（4）如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。 e.g. Have you lost your library book? 你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？（5）现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型 They have planted many trees in the last few years. 在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。 This is

6、 the best book I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。 It is the first time I have played the computer games. 这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。五. 在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用 e.g. He has bought the book for 3 years. （错）因 buy 这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for 3 years连用, 改正的办法有五种： He has bought the book. (去掉一段时间 for 3 years) He bought the book 3 y

7、ears ago ( 改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变) It s 3 years since he bought the book. = 3 years has passed since he bought the book. （改为固定句型 It is -since-） He has not bought the book for 3 years. （改为否定句） He has had the book for 3 years. （用延续性动词 have代替 buy）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页学习必备欢

8、迎下载六.还有其他一次性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：come/arrive/get to/reach be here 例：I have come here for 3 years. （错）改为：I have been here for 3 years. leave/go be away 例：He has left for 3 hours. （错）改为： He has been away for 3 hours. begin/start be on 例：The film has begun for 3 minutes. （错）改为：

9、The film has been on for 3 minutes. open be open / close be closed 例：The shop has opened for 3 years.( 错) 改为： The shop has been open for 3 years. die be dead 例：His father has died for 3 years.( 错) 改为：His father has been dead for 3 years. finish/end be over 例：He has finished the work for 3 days.( 错)

10、改为： The work has been over for 3 days join 例：I have joined the army for 3 years. （错）改为：I have been in the army for 3 years. 或 I have been a soldier for 3 years. buy /catch have e.g. I have bought the bike for 3 years. （错）改为： I have had the bike for 3 years. e.g. He has caught a cold for 3 days. （错）改

11、为：He has had a cold for 3 days. borrow keep e.g. I have borrowed the book for 3 years. （错）改为：I have kept the book for 3 years. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载还有其它的归纳如下：break be broken get up be up marry be married become be lose be lost 七. 延续性动词和终止性动词延续性动词： 表示的动作是能延

12、续的动作， 这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。如： learn work stand lie know walk keep have wait watch sing read sleep live 终止性动词：也叫非延续性动词，瞬间动词，一次性动词。表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。如：leave ,start, set out ,arrive ,reach ,get to, begin, stop, shut, turn off, marry ,put ,put on, get up, wake, fall, join ,me

13、et, receive, finish, end, complete ,become, come, go, die, open, close, break, give, jump ,buy, borrow 八. 终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。 He has died for three days. （错，终止性动词die 不能和一段时间 for three days连用）同步练习 ：单项选择题1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C.must know D

14、.will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he ? A. already B. never C.ever D. still 3、Have you met Mr. Li _？A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. has written 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - -

15、 - - -第 4 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes .I hope it will be even _ . A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We _

16、 Xiao Li since she was a little girl. A. know B. had known C. have known D.knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see 9、These farmers have been to the United States. Really ? When _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C.do they go D. have they gon

17、e 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish 知识点： 过去完成时一过去完成时结构： had+ 过去分词。二过去完成时的用法：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载过去某一时刻或某一动作之前就已经发生的动作或存在的状态：即过去的

18、过去e.g. When we got to the station, the train had left. 当我到车站的时候，火车已经离开了。By the end of last week, he had learnt 1000 words. 到上个星期尾为止，他已经学了1000 个单词。过去某时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间为止的动作或状态 e.g. He said that he had made a few friends since he came to China. 他说自从他来中国，他已经交了几个朋友。同步练习 ：单项选择题：1He asked me _ during the s

19、ummer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone 2. What _ Jane _ by the time he was sever? A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had,done 3. I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt 4. She _lived

20、here for _ years. A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of 5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked 6. She said she _ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen 7.

21、 She said her family _ themselves _ the army during the war. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with 8. By the time he was ten years old, he _. A. has completed university B. has completed the un

22、iversity C. had completed an university D. had completed university 9. She had written a number of books _ the end of last year. A. for B. in C. by D. at 10. He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old. A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 知识点：现在完成

23、进行时一、现在完成进行时的定义现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在， 并且还有可能持续下去。e.g. Those cats have been screaming for hours. 那些猫叫了半天了。二、现在完成进行时的结构:have / has been + 现在分词e.g. I have been waiting for an hour and a half. 我一直等了一个半小时了。三、现在完成进行时主要用法1. 表示“持续”：即表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续的动作，这动作可能刚刚停止， 也可能还在进行。如：e.g. The children have been

24、 having a lot of fun. 孩子们一直玩得很开心。e.g. She is very tired. Shes been working all morning.她很累。她干了一早晨了。2. 表示“重复”精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载即表示在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复，而这个重复的动作在说话时并不一定在进行。e.g. We ve all along been making mistakes like this. 我们一直犯这样的错误。四、与现在完成进行连用的主要时间状语现在完成进

25、行时所用的时间状语：all day / month; this month / week / year; these days; recently / lately; in the past few + 时间段 ; since +时间点 ; for + 时间段，等等。e.g. He has been working all day. 他整天都在工作。They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。He has been sleeping for ten hours. 他已经睡了十个小时了。The two parties

26、 have been trying to unite since the New Year. 自从新年以来，双方就一直在试图联手。拓展： 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别1. 现在完成时强调动作的完成， 而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。如：He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。2. 在表示动作的延续时， 虽然既可用现在完成时， 也可用现在完成进行时， 但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。 因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。如：We have been studying here for

27、 two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。在许多情况下， 现在完成时表示动作已经完成，而现在完成进行时却并非如此。如：He has cleaned the window. 他把窗户擦干净了。 (动作已完成 )He has been cleaning the window. 他一直在擦窗户。 (动作不一定完成 )4. 有些静态动词只能用于现在完成时，一般不能用于现在完成进行时。如：The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。5. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的相通性：在表达一个从过去开始而现在仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作时， 某些动词既可以

28、用现在完成时， 也可以用现在完成进行时，如 expect, hope, learn, lie, live, look, rain, sleep, sit, snow, stand, stay, study, teach, wait, want, work等。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载你学习英语多久了 ?正：How long have yon learnt English?正：How long have you been learning English?他已经睡了十个小时了。正：He h

29、as slept for ten hours.正：He has been sleeping for ten hours. 同步练习：单项选择题1. I m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, it ll be too

30、late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she_ English f

31、or a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. I have got a headache. No wonder. You_ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have be

32、en working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _ going back to school ，but she hasn 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载t de

33、cided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. _ you _ him around the museum yet? (2007 江苏) Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have shown B. Do show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 10. Hi, Tracy，you look pale. I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. pain

34、ted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 四、课堂小结(10 分钟）和学生一起回顾本节课所学知识：现在完成时、 过去完成时、 现在完成进行时的结构、用法及注意事项。五、作业布置一单项选择题。1His father _ the Party since 1978.A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in2. Do you know him well ?Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago .A. were B. have been

35、C. have become D. have made3How long have you _ here ?About two months .A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived4. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .A. has begun B.had begun精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载C. has been on D.began5. It _ ten years since he left the army

36、.A. is B. has C. will D. was6. What _ Annie _ by the time he was ten? A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done 7 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army. A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work 8. By the end of last week, they _ the bridge. A. has completed B.

37、 completed C. will complete D. had completed 9. Ben hates playing _ violin, but he likes playing _ football. A. a the B. the the C. / the D. the /10. By the time he was 4, he _ a lot of German words. A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns二用括号里面的正确形式填空。1. You know, I _ (look) for a job fo

38、r three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister _ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he _ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I _ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We _ (wait) anxiously for him since

39、last night. 6. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in. 7. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _ (die). 8. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _ (leave). 9. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen_ (arrive). 10. I _ (turn off) all the lights before I _ (go) to bed.

40、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载三按要求完成下列各题1.They have been here since 2000. ( 对划线部分提问 )have they been here?2.The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die)（动词填空）3.This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换 ) This factory _ for twenty years. 4.Jack didnt go to the ci

41、nema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）_. 5.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问）_. 同步练习答案：现在完成时： 1-5：ADCAA 6-10 ：DBDCB 过去完成时：1-5：ADCAA 6-10 ：DBDCB 现在完成进行时：1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABA C 课后作业答案：一选择题： 1-5:DBACA 6-10:DCDDA 二用括号里面的正确形式填空。1. have been looking 2. staye

42、d 3. has been playing/ has played 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 13 页学习必备欢迎下载4. wondered 5. have been waiting 6. had painted. moved 7. had made . died 8. had studiedleft9. had run away. Arrived 10. had turned off went三按要求填空1.How long 2. died, has been dead 3.has been open 4. Why didnt Jack go to the cinema? 5. How long had you/we had the toys before you/we gave them to the child?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 13 页