高考非谓语动词复习.ppt

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1、非谓语动词1 什么是非谓什么是非谓 语动词啊？语动词啊？ “非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语”, ,就是不是谓语的动词就是不是谓语的动词呗呗! !那不是谓语那不是谓语是什么呢？是什么呢？。一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。 (1) This is an interesting book. ( ) (2) Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( ) (3) I saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. ( ) (4) Playing foot

2、ball is his favotire sport. ( ) (5) I didnt stop working last night. ( ) (6) My work is teaching English. ( )定语定语状语状语宾补宾补 主语主语宾语宾语表语表语一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。(7) . To learn a foreign language is difficult. (_)( 8 ). His wish is to be a driver. (_)( 9). Tom wanted to have a cup of beer. (_)(

3、10). The teacher told us to do morning exercises. (_)( 11). The letter to be posted is very important. (_)( 12). He study harder to make greater progress. (_)一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。一、判断下划线部分在句中的成分。(13) He is a person loved and respected by all people. ( )(14) The children are very excited about going to th

4、e zoo. ( )(15) Yesterday I had my hair cut. ( )(16) Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. ( )定语定语表语表语宾补宾补状语状语主语、谓语、宾语、定主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语语、状语、补语、表语 英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词： 加连词（and / but / so） 放入从句 变为非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词过去分词过去分词 v-ed不定式不定式 to + v动词的动词的v-ing非谓语动词非谓语动词The lady

5、 speaking to us is our English teacher.The boy questioned by the teacher is our classmate.The task to be finished is very difficult. Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up.Scolded his parent, the girl felt very sad.To get a good result in the exam, we must study hard.主动主动 进行进行被动

6、被动 ,完成完成目的目的 将来将来主动主动 进行进行被动被动 ,完成完成将来将来二、非谓语动词的三种形式二、非谓语动词的三种形式动词动词ing：表示_ _动词过去分词：动词过去分词：表示_ _动词不定式动词不定式：表示_ _主动主动 进行进行被动被动 完成完成目的目的 将来将来非谓语动词非谓语动词1. 可以做主语的非谓语动词有可以做主语的非谓语动词有_, _动名词（动名词（V-ing)动词不定式（动词不定式（to + V原原)例句：例句：To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。完成这项计划需要很大的努力。Riding a

7、 bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。骑单车能使一个人敏捷。2. 位置：位于_句首（谓语动词之前）句首（谓语动词之前）动名词作主语表示的是动名词作主语表示的是_, _的动作；不定式的动作；不定式做主语表示的是做主语表示的是_, _的动作的动作2. 单个动名词或单个不定式作主语，谓语动词用单个动名词或单个不定式作主语，谓语动词用_数数Climbing mountain is my favorite sport.To climb the mountain took us more 3 hours.一般性一般性 普遍性普遍性具体的具体的 一次一次性性单单总结：

8、总结：高考直击高考直击It is no good doing It is useless / no use doing It is worthwhile doing例句：It is _ _ _over spilt milk . 为洒了的牛奶哭是没用的。Its _ _ _for something to turn up.守株待兔是不好的。It做形式主语做形式主语只能接动名词作形式主语的句型只能接动名词作形式主语的句型no use cryingno good waiting1. It is no use _ (think) about it now.2. It is useless _ (comp

9、lain) without taking action. 3. It is worthwhile _ (read) the book.4. It is no good _ (play) games with mobile phone in class.练习练习thinkingcomplainingreadingplayingIt is + adj./ n. +for/of sb. to doIt takes / took sb. + some time + to do sth. 帮助我你实在是太好了。帮助我你实在是太好了。 It is so kind _ you _me. 对他来说要赢得比赛是

10、很难的。对他来说要赢得比赛是很难的。 It is difficult _him _the game 完成作业花了我完成作业花了我3小时。小时。 It _me 3 hours _the homework.只能接动词不定式作形式主语的句型只能接动词不定式作形式主语的句型高考直击高考直击It做形式主语做形式主语ofto helpforto wintookto finish 一、不定式和动名词作宾语的区别一、不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式不定式,也可跟动名词动名词作直接宾语。但是，有的动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语，有的动词后面只能接动名词，有的动词接不同的形式表达不同的意义不

11、同的形式表达不同的意义。attempt, afford, agree, arrange, appear, choose, claim, desire, determine, fail, hesitate, intend, long, manage, need, wish, offer, plan, promise, pretend, seem,等。等。只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词1. We have planned _(make) a school radio programme.2. Betty , we need _(ask) for help4. The cr

12、iminal (罪犯） attempt _ (escape) 5. He agreed _ (help) us.6. I pretended _( sleep) when mother came in.7. He cant afford _ （buy) a car. 8. I wish _ (have) a long holiday.to askto make练习练习to escapeto helpto sleep to buyto haveadmit, avoid, bear, complete, cant help, consider, delay, enjoy, envy, finish

13、, forgive, feel like , keep .mind, miss, permit, prevent, practice, suggest, stand ,risk等。1. Hearing the story, they cant help _(laugh).2. Do you really enjoy _ (play) the violin every day. 3. You should avoid _(make) the same mistakes next time. 4. “Have you finished_ (write) your composition ?” pl

14、ayinglaughing makingwriting只能接动名词作宾语的动词有只能接动名词作宾语的动词有练习练习接动名词口诀： 考虑建议盼原谅：consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon 承认推迟没得想：admit,delay/put off,fancy 避免错过继续练：avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice 否认完成就欣赏：deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险：forbid,imagine,risk 不禁介意准逃亡：cant help,mind,allow/perm

15、it,escapestop to do stop doing forget to do forget doingremember to do remember doing regret to do regret doing停下来去做停下来去做停止做停止做忘记要去做忘记要去做忘记做过忘记做过很遗憾要去做很遗憾要去做后悔做过后悔做过有的动词后面可以接动词不定式和动名词作宾语，但是意义不同有的动词后面可以接动词不定式和动名词作宾语，但是意义不同记得要去做记得要去做记得已经做过记得已经做过mean to do mean doingtry to do try doinggo on to do go on

16、 doing need to do need doing尽力去做尽力去做尝试着去做尝试着去做继续做（同一件事情）继续做（同一件事情）接着做（另一件事情）接着做（另一件事情）某人需要去做某人需要去做某物需要被某物需要被意味着意味着打算做，打算做， 想想1. Im really sorry . I forgot _(close) the door before I left.2. Please remember _ (post) the letter for the old man. 3. Stop _ (chat), everyone. Our English teacher is coming

17、 .4. You look tired. Youd better stop _（have） a rest.5. The bike needs _(repair).6. English is important to us . We should try _ (study) it hard. to closechattingto post练习练习to have repairingto study能做定语的非谓语动词有：能做定语的非谓语动词有：_，_, _1. We have a lot of _.我们有很多作业要做我们有很多作业要做.2. Do you know the boy_? 你认识那个在

18、游泳池游泳的男孩吗？你认识那个在游泳池游泳的男孩吗？3. We are studying in a school _. 我们在一所建于我们在一所建于1934年的学校读书年的学校读书观察下列句子观察下列句子swimming in the swimming poolbuilt in 1934总结总结动词动词ing 过去分词过去分词动词不定式动词不定式homework to do单个：单个：_短语：短语：_不定式：不定式：_现在分词现在分词&过去分词：过去分词：名词，代词之前名词，代词之前名词，代词之后名词，代词之后名词，代词之后名词，代词之后位置位置We have a lot of homewor

19、k to do.Do you know the boy swimming in the swimming pool.We are studying in a school built in 1934.根据例句判断非谓语动词作定语的位置。根据例句判断非谓语动词作定语的位置。意义意义动词不定式：动词不定式：_过去分词：过去分词：_动词动词ing动名词：动名词：_现在分词：现在分词：_ _表示还未发生的动作表示还未发生的动作表示已经完成的，被动的动作表示已经完成的，被动的动作表示所修饰的词的一个正在进行表示所修饰的词的一个正在进行的，主动的动作的，主动的动作表示所修饰的词的性质，用途表示所修饰的词的

20、性质，用途We have a lot of homework to do.Do you know the boy swimming in the swimming pool.We are studying in a school built in 1934.意义意义注意：注意：表示所修饰的动词正在进行的，表示所修饰的动词正在进行的， 被动的动作要用被动的动作要用_being done正在修理的那辆车是我的。正在修理的那辆车是我的。The bike_ (repair) is mine.being repaired1. I have a lot of_. 他有很多作业要做。他有很多作业要做。 2.

21、 There is_. 没什么好担心的。没什么好担心的。3. Books _ is popular. 韩寒写的书很受欢迎。韩寒写的书很受欢迎。4. Not far from the house is a_. 离房子不远处是一个游泳池。离房子不远处是一个游泳池。5. The man_ is bound to be good at writing.写这篇文章的人一定很擅长写作。写这篇文章的人一定很擅长写作。6. The building _is a teachers dormitory. 正在建的那幢建筑是一幢教师宿舍正在建的那幢建筑是一幢教师宿舍homework to do练习练习nothing

22、 to worry aboutwritten by Han hanswimming poolwriting the article being built位置：位置：_能做表语的非谓语动词有：能做表语的非谓语动词有：_，_, _.All I want is to have a rest.The book is very interesting. I am interested in the book.观察下列句子观察下列句子系动词之后系动词之后不定式不定式现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词状态类状态类:变化类变化类:感官类感官类:我的梦想是成为一名医生。我的梦想是成为一名医生。My dream

23、is_.他的工作是每天清扫教室。他的工作是每天清扫教室。His work is _every day.be, keep, stay, remainbecome, grow, get, go, turnfeel, look, appear, seem , sound, taste, smellto be a doctorcleaning the classroom结构：结构：主语主语+系动词系动词+ 非谓语动词作表语非谓语动词作表语系动词有系动词有:动词不定式动词不定式&动名词：动名词：_现在分词现在分词&过去分词过去分词: _ _1. The news is quite_ (surprise)

24、 . 2. His wish is _ (be) a driver3. . Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.说明主语的内容，身份说明主语的内容，身份说明主语的性质，状态，说明主语的性质，状态， 特征特征（一般是形容词化的分词）（一般是形容词化的分词）意义：意义：seated练习练习to besurprising1. 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：+宾语（名词或宾语（名词或代词代词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语We must get

25、 the work finished. 某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to2. 能接宾语补足语的几类动词能接宾语补足语的几类动词:1) 表示感觉和心理状态的表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词感官动词I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.I saw her taken out of the classroom.主语+感官动词+名词+省略to的动词不定式 (do

26、 sth.)动词现在分词 (动词ing)动词过去分词（V-ed）（省略（省略to的动词不定式的动词不定式 ：表示宾语动作的全过程）：表示宾语动作的全过程）（表示宾语正在进行的主动的动作）（表示宾语正在进行的主动的动作） （表示宾语的一个被动或完成的动作）（表示宾语的一个被动或完成的动作）结构结构come into the classroomcoming into the classroomtaken这个结构假如换成被动语态，宾那么主这个结构假如换成被动语态，宾那么主语补足语中的语补足语中的to要还原。要还原。She was saw to come into the classroom.2. 能

27、接宾语补足语的几类动词能接宾语补足语的几类动词:I saw him _(play) basketball on the playground just now.He was seen _(play) basketball just now.The teacher saw him _ (slip) away from the classroom.playingslipto play 练习练习2. 带有带有“致使致使”含义的使役动词含义的使役动词 ( make, get, have, keep, leave等等)1. make /have /let sb. do2. get sb. to do3.

28、 make/ have/ get sth. done4. have/ get sb. doing常用结构常用结构使使/让某人做让某人做使使/让某人做让某人做使某物（被使某物（被）使某人一直做使某人一直做 The teacher had him _(stand) all the time. He wants to make/ have/get himself _（hear）.The mother get her daughter _（help) her in housework all day.练习练习heardto helpstanding“have” + 宾语宾语 + -ed 分词分词”表示

29、完成一件事情，不一定自己亲自动手做，也表示完成一件事情，不一定自己亲自动手做，也许请别人做许请别人做We had the engine repaired. 我们已经把发动机修理了。我们已经把发动机修理了。 I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天剪了头发。我昨天剪了头发。表示表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”，并非有意，并非有意去做，自己是受害者。去做，自己是受害者。He had his leg broken when he was climbing the tree. 当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。They had all the

30、 money stolen .他们所有的钱都被偷了。他们所有的钱都被偷了。她想让别人明白她的意思。她想让别人明白她的意思。 She wanted to _ _ _.你应该让大家知道你的观点。你应该让大家知道你的观点。 You should _ your views _.她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。 She _ her tooth _ _.司机无法将车子启动。司机无法将车子启动。 _ _ couldnt _ _ _ _.他闭着眼睛。他闭着眼睛。 _ _ _ _ _.他起床太慢，以致于留下午饭没吃完。他起床太慢，以致于留下午饭没吃完。 _ _ _ so slowly that

31、he _ _ _ _.make herself understoodgot/had pulled out. The driver get the car startedHe kept his eyes closedHe got up left the lunch unfinishedmake knownkeep leave The manager promised to keep me_ (inform) of how our business was going on. The mother didnt pay any attention to her sons request. She w

32、ent out and left the boy _(cry) in the room.Sb/sth doing (让某人/某物一直处于某种状态）Sth. done (使某事物被）注意注意keep 和和leave 在该句型中具有使役意味，但同时在该句型中具有使役意味，但同时也保留了自身的意义，也保留了自身的意义，keep 有有“保持保持”的意思，的意思，leave有有“留下留下”的意思。的意思。练习练习 informedcrying4 4）. . “希望，愿望，命令希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词这一类动词（want, wish, like, expect, order等）等）The teache

33、r didnt want the problem（to be) discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。我们想让这项工作在我们想让这项工作在6点整完成。点整完成。 _ _ _ _ _ at 6 oclock.他命令计划在周五前执行。他命令计划在周五前执行。 _ _ _ _ _ _ before Friday.他不希望将此事提及。他不希望将此事提及。 He didnt _ it _. 我想把我的鸡蛋煮了。我想把我的鸡蛋煮了。 I would _ _ _ _.父母们期望孩子们得到好的照顾。父母们期望孩子们得到好的照顾。 _ _ _ _ g

34、ood _ _.We want the work finishedwish mentionedlike my eggs boiledHe ordered the plan carried outParents expect children taken care of5） “with 宾语非谓语动词宾语非谓语动词”结构结构The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ (tie) behind his back. With a lot of work_（finish）, he wont go traveling with us.With the ho

35、mework_（finish） , he was allowed to watch TV. With a man _(stare) her, the girl felt upset.tiedto finishfinishedstaring1. To learn English quickly and well, he 1. To learn English quickly and well, he went to England.went to England.2. she was walking in the street, 2. she was walking in the street,

36、 followed by a cute dog.followed by a cute dog.3. They came into the classroom, singing 3. They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.and laughing.一般在一般在_或或_， 而且一般用而且一般用_号号和主句隔开和主句隔开句末句末句首句首位置位置:观察并总结观察并总结逗逗现在分词、过去分词可在句中充当现在分词、过去分词可在句中充当_She was walking in the street, _ by a cute dog.followe

37、d伴随状语伴随状语A cute dog walked happily in the street, _ the girl.following过去分词可在句中充当过去分词可在句中充当_ 、_ 时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语_ the story of the lovely panda, the baby would like to see it with his own eyes.Told_ the story of the lovely panda, the baby would like to see it with his own eyes.Hearing_ (Separate) fom

38、 his mother， the boy miss his mother very much.过去分词可在句中充当过去分词可在句中充当_ 、_ 过去分词可在句中充当过去分词可在句中充当_ 、_、时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语原因状语原因状语Seperated_ (be) so sad, he couldnt go to sleep.Being_ from morning till night, he is still scolded(责骂）责骂） by his boss from time to time_ again and again, he is still optimistic.过去

39、分词可在句中充当过去分词可在句中充当_ 、_、_Scolded时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语原因状语原因状语让步状语让步状语Working过去分词可在句中充当过去分词可在句中充当_ 、_、_、_、_ _ （give) a chance, I will shock the world.Given时间状语时间状语伴随状语伴随状语原因状语原因状语让步状语让步状语条件状语条件状语_, you will succeed.Working hard归纳总结：归纳总结：位于位于_或或_，常用，常用_隔开。修饰谓语动词或整个隔开。修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表句子，表_等。其逻辑主语等。其逻辑主语(即动作执行者即

40、动作执行者)应与主句的主语。应与主句的主语。句首句首句末句末逗号逗号时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随一致一致1. She was walking in the street, followed by a cute dog.2. Hearing the story of the lovely panda, the baby would like to see it with his own eyes.3. Separated from his mother，the boy miss his mother very much.4. Scolded a

41、gain and again,he is still optimistic.5. Working hard, you will succeed.2. 过去分词作状语，一是表过去分词作状语，一是表_的动作，二是表动的动作，二是表动作已作已_。1. 现在分词作状语，一是表现在分词作状语，一是表_的动作，二是表动的动作，二是表动作作_。完成完成被动被动正在进行正在进行Working from morning till night, he is still scolded(责骂责骂) by his boss from time to time.Scolded again and again, he i

42、s still optimistic.分词作状语时分词的选择分词作状语时分词的选择主动主动6. 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语1)位置位置: 一般在一般在_或或_ To early English quickly and well, he went to England. He went to see his sister yesterday. I hurried to get there only to find him out. 句末句末句首句首动词不定式主要作动词不定式主要作_/_目的状语目的状语 结果状语结果状语注意注意1. 目的状语一般只用动词不定式。目的状语一般只用动词不定式。2

43、. 动词不定式作目的状语或结果状语位于句末一般不用逗号动词不定式作目的状语或结果状语位于句末一般不用逗号隔开。（隔开。（only to do 除外除外only表示一种意想不到的结果）表示一种意想不到的结果）3. 非谓语动词作状语要注意逻辑主语与句子主语要一致非谓语动词作状语要注意逻辑主语与句子主语要一致_ (save) money, he has tried every means. He has tried every means _ (save) money.He arrived home, only to find his house stolen._ (arrive) home, he found his house stolen._ about the exam, I could fall asleep last night.To saveWorriedArrivingto save