常见前缀后缀(9页).doc
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1、-常见前缀后缀-第 9 页前缀表示否定,负态度的前缀:a-: 无,不,非 acentric amoral asocial asexual atypical apolitical asymmetry ahistorical adynamic ab-: 离去,相反,不abnormal abuse abduct ablacatation abaxial absorban-: 无,不anonymous anoxia anechoic anhormonic anelectric anarchismde-: 否定,非,相反,除去,取消,毁,离开,向下,降低,减少destruction demobilize
2、 decompose decolonize desalt decode depress devaluedif-:分开,否定,不diffluence differ diffident diffuse di, dis-:不,无,相反,取消,除去,毁,分开,离,散disport dispirit digress dishonest discomfort disagree disorder disbelieve disapperdys-: 不良,恶,困难dysfunction, dysphonia, dyspepsia, dysgenesis dyspathyhyper-: 超过,过多,太甚hyper
3、militant hypersensitive hypersexual hyperslow hyersuspicious hypercriticism hyperactiveil-:不,无,非illegal illogical illimitable illiberal illocalim-:不,无,非impossible, imperfect, impure, impolite, immovable, imbalancein-:不,无,非incorrect inhuman injustice informal insensible incapable ir-:不,无irregular irr
4、ational irrelative irresolute mal-: 恶,不良,失,不maltreat malpractice malnutrition malediction malformation maldevelopment malcontent mis-: 误,错,恶,不misspell misread misunderstand mispolicy misfortune mistrust mistreat un-: 不,无,非,未,取消,除去,弄出unreal unhappy unclean unfortunate unfriendly uncomfortable unjust
5、under-: 不足,少underpay underestimate underwork underpopulated 表示肯定的前缀:ac / ad / af / ag / ap / ar / as / at / a:表加强,肯定bene-: 善,好benevolent benediction beneficent benefactioneu-: 优,善,好eugenics eulogize euphemism euphonic eupepsia euthenics 表示反对,相反的前缀:contra-:反对,相反,相对contra-missile contraclockwise contr
6、adict contraposition counter-:反对,相反counterrevolution counterattack countermarch countermove counterplot anti-:反对,相反,防止antiwar antitank anti-imperialist antiforeign antislavery antinoise antifat雅思常见词根表acu = sharp acute 敏锐的;尖锐的 acumem 敏锐;聪明 acupuncture 针灸alti = high altitude 高度 altimeter 高度计 exalt 提高;
7、提升ambula = walk ambulance 救护车 ambulant 流动的 ambulate 行走、移动ann = year anniversary 周年纪念 annual 每年的 annals 编年史anthro = man anthropoid 似人类的;类人猿 anthropology 人类学anthroposociology 人类社会学arch = ruler monarch君主anarchism 无政府主义patriarch 家长、族长aster/astr = star astrology 占星术astronomy 天文学asterisk 星号,星标audi = heari
8、ng audience 听众audible 听得见的 audiphone 助听器auto = self automation 自动化 autobiography 自传 autosuggestion 自我暗示bio = life biology 生物学 biography 传记 biocide 杀虫剂brevi = short brief 简短的brevity 简洁equ = same;equal equality 平等 equivalence 对应物 equator 赤道faci = easy facile 易得到的,不花力气的 facilitate 使.容易fact = make;do ma
9、nufacture 制造 factory 工厂benefactor 恩人,施恩者fer = carry;bring ferry 轮渡 transfer 搬运,转移interfere 干预fin = end;limit finalize 使.了结 infinite 无限的 define 限定,下定义flect/flex = bend reflect 反射,反映 flexible 易弯曲的 reflexctor 反射镜flu = flow influence 影响 fluent 流利 fluid 流动的;液,流体form = shape reform 改革 conform 符合frag = bre
10、ak fragile 易碎的 fragment 碎片 fracture 骨折gen = produce generate 产生 genetics 遗传学 genesis 起源,创始geo = land;earth geology 地理学 geometry 几何学 geocide 地球末日leg = law illegitimate 非法的 legislate 立法 legislature 立法机关literat = letter literature 文学 illiterate 文盲 semiliterate 半文盲的loc = place location 地点 allocate 分配 lo
11、calism 地方主义lumi = light;bright illuminate 照明 illuminance 照明度 luminary 发光体,杰出人物magni = big;great magnificent 宏大的 magnify 放大 magnitude 巨大,广大man(u) = hand manufacture 生产,加工 manage 管理 manuscript 手稿mar = sea submarine 潜艇 maritime 海事的,海运的 mariner 海员meter/metri = measure thermemeter 温度计altimeter 高度计mit/mis
12、s = send emit 放射 vomit 呕吐 transmission 播送,传送mort = death mortal 致命的 immortal 不朽的 postmortem 死后的nomin = name nominal 名义上 nominate 提名 innominate 无名的,匿名的nounce = proclaim acupuncture 针灸 punctual 准时的,精确的rupt = break corruption 腐败 interrupt 打断bankrupt 破产scop = see;look at microscopic 微观的 macroscopic 宏观的s
13、cope = instrument for observing microscope 显微镜 telescope 望远镜scribe/script = write;writing;look at describe 描述 prescription 处方sequ = follow consequence 后果 sequence 次序sequel 结局,续集sens/sent = sense;feeling sentimental 多愁善感的 sensitivity 灵敏度 consent 赞同simil = like similarity 共性 simile 明喻 similar 类似的sol =
14、 alone sole 唯一的 solitary 单独的 soliloquy 独白soph = wise philosopher 哲学家 sophisticated 老练的,尖端的 pansophic 无所不知的spec(t) = see;look at inspect 视察 expect 盼望 retrospect 回顾 abbreviate 缩写capit = head capital 首都 decapitate 斩首 capitation 人头税;按人收费ced = go;move recede 后退;引退 unprecedented 史无前例的 precede 先行,居先cess =
15、go;move access 通路 process 进展chron = time chronology 年表,年代学 chronic 慢性的 synchronal 同步的,同时发生的cide = kill;cut suicide 自杀 insecticide 杀虫剂 bactericide 杀菌剂confid = trust confidential 机密的 confide 吐露(秘密)cord = heart accordance 一致,调和 concord 协调,同意 discord 不和,不一致cred = trust;belief credit 信用;信任 incredible 难以置
16、信的 credulous 轻信的cur = run;move current 潮流 excurse远足,旅行 incursion 入侵,进入cycl = circle;wheel bicycle 自行车 tricycle 三轮车 hemicycle 半圆的dic/dict = say;speak indicate 指示,暗示grad = go;step graduate 毕业 gradual 逐步的 degrade 退化,堕落graph/gram = write;writing telegraph 电报 program 节目,说明书 diagram 图表grate/grati = thanks
17、 grateful 衷心感谢的 gratitude 感谢grav = heavy;serious gravity 重力;严重性 grave 严重的 gravimeter 比重计,测重器gress = go;walk progress 进步 aggressive 侵略的 congress 会议herb = grass herbal 草本植物的;草药书 herby 长满草的,似草的humid = wet humidity 湿度,湿气 humidify 使湿润hydr = water;liquid hydroelectric 水电的 hydroplane 水上飞机 hydrospace 海洋世界je
18、ct = throw eject 喷射;逐出 inject 注射 reject 拒绝juven = young juvenile 青少年 rejuvenate (使)返老还童 juvenilia 少年文艺读物just/jur = just justify 证明正确 jurist 法学家 jury 陪审团ortho = straight;correct orthodox 正统的orthopaedy 矫正术pater/patr = father paternal 父亲般的patriarch (男性)族长 patricide 弑父;杀父者pathy = feeling sympathy 同情 ant
19、ipathy 反感 empathy 移情ped = foot pedestrain 行人 expedition 远征(队) pedal 足的;踏板pel/pulse = push;drive expel 驱逐impulse 冲动 dispel 驱散pend/pens = use up;hang expense 花费expenditure 开支 suspend 悬浮;使悬而未决phon = sound headphone 耳机 symphony 交响乐 microphone 麦克风plic = fold duplicate 二倍的,副本 complication 综合症;并发症;复杂implic
20、it 含蓄的port = carry porter 脚夫export 出口passport 护照pose = put;place propose 建议 dispose 处理 expose 使暴露,揭发spect = look suspect 怀疑 prospect 展望 respect 尊敬spir = breathe respiration 呼吸 perspire 出汗 expire 死亡断气struct = build constructive 富有建设性的 superstructure 上层建筑 destruction 毁灭stup = be motionless stupid 愚蠢 s
21、tupefy 使麻木;使呆若木鸡 stupor 昏迷,麻木sum = use up;take consumption 消费 assume 自以为 resume 继续进行tain = hold maintain 维持 attain 获得 abstain 放弃,戒,禁the(o) = god theology 神学 theist 有神论者 atheism 无神论thermo = heat thermometer 温度计 thermonuclear 热核的 thermos 热水瓶tract = draw tractor 拽引机,拖拉机 attract 吸引 distract 分散vent = com
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