形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法讲解和练习(10页).doc

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1、-形容词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法讲解和练习-第 11 页形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法讲解及练习形容词的概述（一）形容词的定义及位置形容词原级（原形）的用法说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或某些代词的词叫做形容词。形容词一般放在名词前，在句子中可作定语、表语宾语补足语等1、作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。 如：The beautiful girl is my sister。 I have something important to tell he.。2、作表语，放在系动词之后。 如：Our school is big and clean.I felt terrible

2、 this morning.3、作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 如：you must keep your hands open.I find it hard to travel around the mountain. 4、某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见的有good/bad；rich/poor；young/old；deaf/blind；black/white； living/dead等。如：The rich should help the poor. The young should be polite to the old.知识拓展：有表示绝对概念的副词very, so,

3、 too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。 如：The boy is too young. 这个男孩太小。（二）形容词的种类 形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、形状、颜色、产地、温度等。（1）表示质量：a beautiful coat;（2）表示大小：a big pig; a small cap; a little goat等。（3）表示新旧：a new bag; an old bike等。（4）表示形状：a round chair; a tall building等。（5）表示颜色：blue sky; a white cat; a red skirt等。（6）表示产地：a J

4、apanese jeep; a Chinese car等。（7）表示温度：the low temperature; a cool day等。（三）形容词的构成（1）名词+ful 。 help -helpful; care-careful等。（2）名词+y 。 rain-rainy;wind-windy cloud-cloudy; sun-sunny等。(3)名词+ing 。 interest-interesting; surprise-surprising等。(4)wool-woolen; friend-friendly; hundred-meter(race);kind-hearted等。形

5、容词的比较级最高级变化规则及其应用（一）形容词比较级、最高级的规则变化1大多数形容词一般在词尾直接加er，est , 如：shortshortershortest；talltallertallest； 2以字母e 结尾的形容词加r，st ,如：nicenicernicest latelaterlatest; largelargerlargest3以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i再加-er ,-est, 如：earlyearlierearliest heavy heavierheaviest; busybusierbusiest4以重读闭音节以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字

6、母再加er,est, 如：bigbiggerbiggest; fatfatterfattest;hothotterhottest; thinthinnerthinnest; redredderreddest（二）形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化1不规则的形容词的比较级最高级：如：many/muchmoremost good/wellbetterbest bad/badlyworseworst littlelessleast ffarfartherfarthest2多音节的形容词的比较级最高级加more,most, 如；beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful

7、interestingmore interestingmost interestingpopularmore popularmost popular知识拓展：副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级最高级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级最高级相同 (不规则变化：well-better-best, far-farther-fartherest)形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a lit

8、tle 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“被比较的对象 be + adj比较级 +than +比较对象”。如：Li Pings room is bigger than mine.形容词最高级在句子中的运用：三者（事物或人）或三者以上之间的比较用最高级，其结构为“被比较的对象 be +the adj最高级 +比较的范围”。如：Li Lei is the tallest in our class表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。（1）肯定句中的结构：“A(被比较的对象)be +as+形容词原级+as+B(比较

9、对象)”，如：English is as interesting as physics. Xiao Ping is as tall as Tom.（2）否定句中的结构：“A(被比较的对象)be +as /so+形容词原级+as+B(比较对象)”，如：This desk isnt as new as that one. He is not so careful as Alice. （3）表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A(被比较的对象) be +倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B(比较对象)”结构。（一倍：once;二倍：twice; 三倍以上：数字+times） 如：Our room is three

10、 times as big as theirs. The house is twice as long as that one. 知识拓展：1.有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时， 用形容词比较级。 如：It is much cooler today than before.2.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”时，用句型“Which/Who is +形容词比较级，A or B?”表示。如：Who is taller, Tom or Jim? Which skirt is more bea

11、utiful ,the yellow one or the pink one?3.表示“比”时，用“倍数+比较级+than如：I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。4.表示“两者之间最一个（of the two ）”时，常用“the +比较级”结构。如：Lucy is the taller of the twins. 5.表示“越来越”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节形容词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。如：Its getting warmer and warmer in spring. Our ho

12、metown is becoming more and more beautiful6.表示“越就越”时，用“the+比较级，the +比较级“结构如：The cooler the weather is, the better I feel.天气越凉爽我感觉越舒服。自主检测一、写出下列形容词的比较级最高级old_ young_ tall long_ short_ strong_ big_ _small_ _fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ _low_ high_ late_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My sister i

13、s two years _(old)than me.2. Nick is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or He Lan? He Lan is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Jack _ (be) _ (tall) than any other boys in his class. 8.Li Fa

14、ng is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 9.My eyes are _(big) in my family. 10.Which is _(heavy),the dog 、the elephant or the pig? 三、翻译句子：1、谁比Tom年纪大？是你。_ is _than Tom？ _ are2、谁的尺子更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_ ruler is _,_or_？_is,I think.3、谁的梨果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。_pears _ _,your _ or your _?My _ _.4、你和你的爸爸一样

15、高吗？是的。_ _as _as your father?Yes,I am.5、她和她的朋友Lucy一样年轻。She _ as _ as _ _ Lucy6我父亲比我母亲年纪小。My than my .7.她的毛衣和我的一样重。 Sweater as as The dress is _(long) one of all9. Im taller than Mom .(该成用原级的比较)Im _ as _ as Mom . 10.他是他们三人中年龄最大的He (be) (old) of the three.四.单项选择 ( )1. Shes already _ her brother.A. so t

16、all thanB. as tall than C. so tall as D. as tall as( )2. It is said that it is _ today than yesterday. Shall we go skitinging this afternoon?A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter( )3. Shanghai is bigger than _ in Japan.A. any other city B. all the other cities C. any city D. the other cities ( )4. Each of us was too tired to go any _ .A. far B. farer C. much farther D. farther () 5. Now it is _ here, but it is even _ in SanyaA. hotter; hottestB. hot; hottest C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter