机械工程专业英语文章翻译(5页).doc

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1、-机 械 工 程 专 业 英 语 题目：Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing 学号：20110334304班级：数控121 姓名：康振平 Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing计算机辅助设计与制造Computer-aided design（CAD）involves the use of computers to create design drawings and product models. Computer-aided design is usually associated with interactiv

2、e computer graphics（known as a CAD system）. Computer-aided design systems are powerful tools and are used in the mechanical design and geometric modeling of products and components.计算机辅助设计（CAD）是指用计算机来创造设计图纸和产品模型。计算机辅助设计通常是与交互式计算机图形学（称为CAD系统）有关系的。计算机辅助设计系统是功能强大的工具，被用于在机械设计以及产品和零件的几何建模。In CAD，the draw

3、ing board is replaced by electronic input and output devices. When using a CAD system，the designer can conceptualize the object to be designed more easily on the Graphics screen and can consider alternative designs or modify a particular design quickly to meet the necessary design requirements or ch

4、anges. The designer can then subject the design to a variety of engineering analyses and can identify potential problems （such as an excessive load or deflection）.The speed and accuracy of such analyses far surpass what is available from traditional methods.在CAD（计算机辅助设计）中，传统的画图板被电子输入和输出设备所替换。当使用CAD系

5、统时，设计者可以使对象概念化以便更容易在图形屏幕上设计，并且可以考虑替代设计或快速地修改一个特定的设计来达到必要的设计要求或变化。因而设计者可以提供多种工程分析并且可以识别潜在的问题（如过负荷或变形）。这些分析的速度和准确性都远远超过了传统的方法。Draft productivity rises dramatically. When something is drawn once，it never has to be drawn again. it can be retrieved from a library ,and can be duplicated, stretched, sized,

6、 and changed in many ways without having to be redrawn。Cut and paste techniques are used as labor-saving aids.设计生产率的提高是显著的。当某些图形被绘制一次后，就没必要再画第二次。它可以从图形库中恢复，可以被复制，拉伸，改变大小，和其他许多方面的改变而无需重新绘制。剪切和粘贴技巧作为节省劳力的助手被使用。CAD makes possible multiview 2D drawings ，and the drawings can be reproduced in different le

7、vels of reduction and enlargement. It gives the mechanical engineer the ability to magnify even the smallest of components to ascertain if assembled components fit properly. Parts with different characteristics，such as movable or stationary ，can be assigned different colors on the display.CAD使二维图纸多重

8、视图变为可能，并且图形可以在大小不同的图层里重生。它使机械工程师有能力放大甚至最小的部件来确定构件是否装配合适。对于具有不同特性的零部件，如移动或静止，可以指定不同的颜色在显示屏上标示。 Designers have even more freedom with the advent of 3-D parts and manipulate them in endless variations to achieve the desired results. Through finite element analysis ，stresses can be applied to be a compu

9、ter model and the results graphically displayed，giving the designer quick feedback on any inherent problems in a design before the creation of a physical prototype.随着三维建模的出现设计师有了更多自由和无限制的修改它们以实现所期望的结果。通过有限元分析，应力加到计算机模型上并且以图形化的方式显示其结果，在产品物理原型生产之前，对设计中的任何内在问题给设计者一个快速的反馈。In addition to the designs geom

10、etric and dimensional features，other information （such as a list of materials，specification ，and manufacturing instructions）is stored in the CAD database. Using such information ,the designer can then analyze the economics of alternative designs.除了设计的几何和尺寸特性之外，其他信息(比如材料清单、规格、和制造说明)都存储在CAD数据库里。利用这些信息

11、，设计师可以分析备选设计的经济性。 Computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) involves the uses of computers and computer technology to assist in all the phases of manufacturing a product，including process and production planning，machining，scheduling，management ，and quality control. Computer-aided design and computer-aided m

12、anufacturing are often combined into CAD/CAM systems.计算机辅助制造(CAM)包括使用计算机和计算机技术来协助制造产品的所有阶段，包括工艺和生产计划，加工，调度，管理，和质量控制。计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造常常是和CAD/CAM系统相结合的。This combination allow the transfer of information from the design stage into the stage of planning for the manufacture of a product，without the need t

13、o reenter the data on part geometry manually. The database developed during CAD is stored； then it is processed further，by CAM，into the necessary data and instructions for operating and controlling production machinery，material-handling equipment，and automated testing and inspection for product qual

14、ity. 这种组合允许一个产品的信息从设计阶段传递到加工规划阶段，而不需要手动重新输入几何部件的数据。计算机辅助设计研发期间存储在数据库，然后通过计算机辅助制造进一步处理，一直到必要的数据和指令的操作和控制生产机械、物料搬运设备，自动化测试和检验产品质量。In machining operations，an important feature of CAD/CAM is its capability to describe the tool path for various operations，such as NC turning，milling，and drilling. The inst

15、ructions （programs）are computer generated，and they can be modified by the programmer to optimize the tool path .The engineer or technician can then display and visually check the tool path for possible tool collisions with fixtures or other interferences. The tool path can be modified at any time，to

16、 accommodate other part shapes to be machined.在机械加工中，CAD/CAM的一个重要特征是它有可以描述刀具运动轨迹的能力，如数控车削，铣削，钻孔。指令（程序）是计算机生成的，它们可以由程序员修改优化刀具路径。工程师或技术员可以显示和检查刀具路径可能与夹具或其他干扰工具碰撞。刀具路径可以随时修改，以适应其他部分的形状被加工。Some typical applications of CAD/CAM are：（a）programming for NC，CNC，and industrial robots；（b）design of tools and fix

17、tures and EDM electodes；（c）quality control and inspection，for instance，coordinate-measuring machines programmed on a CAD/CAM workstation；（d）process planning and scheduling ；and（e）plant layout.CAD / CAM的一些典型应用是：（a）数控编程，计算机数控编程和工业机器人；（b）工具和夹具以及电火花电极的设计；（c）质量控制和检查，例如，在CAD / CAM工作站上的坐标测量机编程；（d）工艺规划与调度；和

18、（e）工厂布局。The emergence of CAD/CAM has had a major impact on manufacturing，by standardizing product development and by reducing design effort，tryout，and prototype work；it has made possible significantly reduced costs and improved productivity. The two-engine Boeing 777 passenger airplane，for example,

19、was designed completed by computer（paperless design ）.The plane is constructed directly from the CAD/CAM software developed（an enhanced CATIA system）and no prototypes or mockups were built ，such as were required for previous models.CAD/CAM的出现对制造业产生了重大影响，通过产品开发的标准化和减少设计工作量，试用，和原型的工作；它有可能大大降低成本和提高生产力。例如双引擎的波音777客机就是由计算机设计完成（无纸化设计）。这架飞机直接从CAD/CAM软件开发（增强CATIA系统）并没有建立原型或实物模型的情况下制造出来，如以前所需要的的模型。-第 5 页-