高中同位语从句.ppt

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1、Unit 5 GrammarUnit 5 GrammarNoun Clauses asthe appositive我不知道你在这儿我不知道你在这儿.I didnt know that you were here.I had no idea that you were there.宾语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句The news _exited the Chinese people. that Liu Xiang won the 110 hurdleThe news_exited the Chinese people.that Beijing would host the 2008 Olym

2、pic Games The fact_made people worried. that the prices of houses are always increasing 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后之后, ,用以用以说明或解释说明或解释前面的前面的名词名词, ,引导同位语从句的连词引导同位语从句的连词常用常用thatthat. . 同位语从句同位语从句1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，说明名词的具体内容，3.用法用法

3、: 常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief 4.连词连词 that/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how连接词连接词that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用只起连接作用.He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.他告诉我一个消息他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国他马上要从国外回国.There

4、 is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.只用只用whether引导引导,不用不用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实这个问题是否正确还未被证实.The problem _ it is right hasnt been proved.连接词连接词whether引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句whether 连接词代词连接词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个我不知道该选哪个.1.The question _ should go abroa

5、d hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _ one I should choose.whichwho(定语定语)(主主)在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分连接词副词连接词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句 1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere3. 由由when引导引导 I have no idea when they will go. 有时可用有时可用

6、 namely (即即), that is to say (也也就是说就是说), in other words (换句话说换句话说), that is (那就是那就是), for example 等引出等引出同位语同位语, 说明其前面的名词或代词。说明其前面的名词或代词。 He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more. 1. Heres an announcement

7、 _ the winner at chess can get a prize of 1000 yuan.A. thatB. whyC. whetherD. when2. Its a question _ he did it.A. whatB. thatC. howD. if3. The dream _ we are flying in space has finally been realized by a Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what Tip:在某些名词（wish, demand, suggestion,

8、 advice等）后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气！Exercise同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句 that名词性名词性形容词性形容词性只连接主句和从只连接主句和从句句,在从句中不充在从句中不充当成分当成分代替先行词代替先行词,在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）定语从句定语从句宾语宾语同位语从句

9、同位语从句(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）A: He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.B: The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.仔细看，找区别A: The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.B: The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.定语从

10、句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句2 2、引导从句的关联词、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。从句中充当成分。e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充不充当任何成分）当任何成分） 2) Dad made a promise

11、that excited all his children.（that指代指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。），又在从句中充当主语。）同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别 1. 从词类上区别从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句

12、的一部分或是整个主句。词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。 He told me the news that he would comehome from aboard soon.Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了。据说他已经出国了。Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。这让我们很高兴。( (同位语从句同位语从句) )(定语从句定语从句) 2.从性质上区别从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或

13、限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如的范畴。如: : 3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别 有些引导词如有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以可以引导同位语从句引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。但不能引导定语从句。如如: That question whether we need ithas not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。我们是

14、否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。(同位语从句同位语从句) 考点考点同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句同位语从句前的名词是一个具有抽象意味的名词。从句就是其内容。就是其内容。that在从句中在从句中_成分。而定语从句成分。而定语从句就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在就是对前先行词进行修饰限定，关系词应代替先行词在从句中从句中_句子成分。句子成分。1. （09江西）江西）The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warme

15、r these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though2. The suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /3. The suggestion _ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /总结：总结：不充当不充当充当充当做题顺序：做题顺序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否完整；二看_确定答案

16、。确定答案。从句从句句意句意Exercises:1.Theres a feeling in me_well never know what a UFO isnot ever.（ 02上海） A.that B.which C.of which D.what.答案解析：that well never know what a UFO is not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling 的具体内容的。that 在从句中不做任何成分。2.Is this the hospital _he worked ten years ago? A.that B.where C.which D.

17、the one3. A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen.(04上海) A.when Bwhich C.what D.that4.His success was because of _he had been working hard. A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact5.Tom came to the conclusion_by a compu

18、ter. A.that not all things can be done. B.because of not all things be done. C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be done6.We are living in an age _many things are done on computer. (03春招） A.which B.that. C.whose D.when7.I work in a business_almost everyone is waiting for

19、a great chance.(04湖南） A.how B.which C.where D.that8.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities; this is the information _ has been put forward. A.what B.that C.when D.as 13.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91) A.it B.which C.this D.that 9.I cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly. A.it B.which C.this D.that 10.The fact_ he failed in the exam is not the one_he told me.A.which;that B.that;/ C.which;which D./; that