高中英语语法虚拟语气教学课件.ppt

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1、Christmas is just around the corner. Christmas is just around the corner. Lets go and buy Lets go and buy some Christmas gift !some Christmas gift !If it If it waswas not raining now not raining now If tomorrow If tomorrow would bewould be Christmas Christmas 英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。定义：用来表示说的话不是事实

2、，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。The Subjunctive Mood虚 拟 语 气He has Day dreaming If it If it waswas not raining now not raining now，If tomorrow If tomorrow would bewould be ChristmasChristmas，I should go out to buy I should go out to buy Christmas gift.Christmas gift.I would have some I would have s

3、ome days off.days off.If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 2. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 1.If I had time, I would come to see you. 3.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. ( (现在现在)( (过去过去)(将来将来)一、虚拟语气在条件

4、状语从句中的用法时态时态If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来did / werewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)had done二：二： 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点： 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句

5、和从句的谓语动词要依件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。照假设的时间而定。If the weather had been better, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.If you _ him yesterday, you If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. _ what to do now. A.A.asked would kn

6、owasked would knowB. had asked would have B. had asked would have knownknownC. asked him knowC. asked him knowD. had asked would knowD. had asked would knowWhat would have happened, _ What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank?as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked A. Bob had walked B

7、. if Bob should walk B. if Bob should walk C. had Bob walked C. had Bob walked D. if Bob walked D. if Bob walked 假设条件虚拟倒装。假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。省略，并将这三个词提至句首。If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for you

8、r advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should not be sunlight, peoples life would be difficult.Should there not be sunlight, peoples life would be difficult. with

9、out和和but for 构成虚拟。构成虚拟。(but for要不是要不是) Without sunlight, peoples life would be difficult . But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I (fail)But for water, it (be) impossible to live in the desert.would have failed.would be高考题点击：高考题点击：Jack cant have arrived yet, otherwi

10、se he _ me. A. would phoned B. phoned C. would have phoned D. had phoned otherwise otherwise 的虚拟用法的虚拟用法 She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.三、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法 A.用于宾语从句1. wish + 宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I

11、were a bird. (现在现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)2. would rather -现在：过去：未来： I would rather you paid me now. (现在现在) I would rather you had gone, too. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时3. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词

12、：一个坚持：insist两个命令命令：order, command 三个建议建议：advise, suggest, propose四个要求要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形。 我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He

13、insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there. 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句） 也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式用 ( Should )doorder, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire B.用于主语从句中用

14、于主语从句中 Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形 It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.考题点击：考题点击：1. Is it necessary that he _ the ex

15、amination?A. took B. have to take C. must take D. takeD1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.1.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA四四.用于用于 as if /though 引导的引导的 从句现在：现在：过去：过去：过去时过去完成时 He looks as if he were drunk. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the b

16、aby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.五用于定语从句：五用于定语从句：Its (about/high) time +that should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we sho

17、uld go to bed. 六六. 用于用于If only 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句 （用法同用法同wish）If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法二、二、 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：三、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法三、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法四、用于四、用于as if /though as if /though 引导的从句引导的从句六六、 用于用于If only If only 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句 （用法同（用法同wishwish）五、用于定语从句：五、用于定语从句：Its (about/high) Its (about/high) time +that time +that