人教版选修六unit2Grammar.ppt
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1、课标人教实验版课标人教实验版高二高二 Module 6Unit 2Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气虚拟语气1. 英语动词有三种语气英语动词有三种语气, 陈述语气陈述语气, 祈祈使语气和虚拟语气。使语气和虚拟语气。2. 定义定义:用来表示说的话不是事实用来表示说的话不是事实, 或者或者是不可能发生的情况是不可能发生的情况, 而是一种愿望而是一种愿望,建议建议, 假设的语气叫假设的语气叫虚拟语气虚拟语气。3. 在条件句中的应用在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条一类为真实条件句件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际实
2、条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况可能性不大的情况, 故采用虚拟语故采用虚拟语气。气。1). 真实条件句真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情假设的情况可能发生况可能发生, 其中其中 if 是如果的意思。是如果的意思。2). 非真实条件句非真实条件句非真实条件句用语虚拟语气非真实条件句用语虚拟语气, 假设假设的情况不可能发生的情况不可能发生, 或者可能性很或者可能性很小小, 其中其中if 是是“要是、如果要是、如果”的意的意思。即思。即:“要是要是就好了就好了”; “如如果果, 就会就会”1. If I had enough money, I would
3、travel around the world.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.与现在事实相反与现在事实相反3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.与过去事实相反与过去事实相反5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6. I think we could do it,
4、 if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off, we would enjoy a very happy life.与将来事实相反与将来事实相反3) The meaning of the sentence of subjunctive mood. If he had come yesterday, I should/ would have told him about it. 含义含义: He did not come yesterday, so I did no
5、t tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.含义含义: He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语形从句的谓语形式式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去过去未来未来V. + ed (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/s
6、hould/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)一一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。二二. 虚拟语气特殊句型虚拟语气特殊句型:1. wish 的宾语的宾语从句从句现在现在: 过去时(过去时(were)过去过去: 过去完成时过去完成时未来未来: would/could/might +V. should1. I wish I were a bird. (现在现在)2. I wish I hadnt made such a mi
7、stake. (过去过去)3. We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (将来将来)I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。他希望他没讲那样的话。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。我希望明天下雨就好了。2) wish to do 表达法表达法 wish sb. / sth. to doI wish to see the manager. = I want to see
8、the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.2. would rather that现在现在:过去过去:未来未来:I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too. Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.过去时过去时过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时3. as if /though + Clause 现在:现在:过去
9、:过去:过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems that it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.They talked as if they had been friends for years. He looks as if he were drunk.4. Its (about/high) time +that过去时过去时should +V.你该走了。你该走了。Its high ti
10、me that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.我们该去我们该去睡觉了。睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5. 表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气。建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句中常见动词宾语从句中常见动词: 一个坚持一个坚持, 两个两个命令命令, 三个建议三个建议, 四个要求。即四个要求。即1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise,
11、 suggest, propose4). demand, require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + 动词原形动词原形, 或者将或者将should省略。省略。我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。 We suggested that Tom have a rest.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。 He insisted that I (should) be present.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 Th
12、e king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 They requested that we (should) send them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意注意: 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示“建议建议” 或或“坚持要某人做某事时坚持要某人做某事时”, 即
13、它们用于其即它们用于其本意本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“坚持认为坚持认为”时时,宾宾语从句用陈述语气。语从句用陈述语气。1. The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.obeywasbe sent3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested
14、that he _ (be) ill.havewas以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句包括主语从句, 表语从句和同位语也要表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气使用虚拟语气, 从句中的动词形式一样。从句中的动词形式一样。order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us a
15、re for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.6. without和和but for 构成虚拟。构成虚拟。but for要不是要不是 Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossib
16、le to live in the desert.7. If only 要是就好了要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了! If only our parents could live with us!要是我没错过火车就好了!要是我没错过火车就好了! If only I hadnt missed the train!8. Its necessary/strange/n
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