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1、-新版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点归纳-第 11 页新版八年级英语下册第一单元知识点归纳mUnit1whatsthematter?一、基础知识.whatsthematter?怎么啦?出什么事情了?【解析】matter/mætə)/n.问题;事情whatsthematterwithyou?=whatsthetroublewithyou?=whatswrongwithyou?你怎么了?【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词with连用。即:whatsthematterwithsb.?=whatsyourtrouble?=whatsup?=
2、whathappenstosb.?whatsthematterwithyou?Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼,肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词,意
3、为太.,toomuch+名词,意为很多,大量。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。goodenough足够好,enoughmoney=muchmoney6.liedown躺下,lie躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied7.maybe“或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。maybeyouareright.maybe,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名词代词和从句:Itsoundslikeyoudontknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoo
4、didea.sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;needtodosth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.0.getoff下(公交车)geton上车1.agree同意,赞同;如:Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如:IagreetoLiLei.2.trouble问题,麻烦;b
5、eintrouble遇到麻烦,maketrouble制造麻烦,havetroubledoingsth.=havedifficultiesdoingsth做.有麻烦。3.rightaway=rightnow=atonce,意为马上。不可数名词劝告,建议,向征求意见,givesb.adviceonsth.就某事给某人建议;advise动词advisesb.doingsth.【复习】exercise练习、锻炼当exercise意为“练习”时,为可数名词即可加s当exercise意为“锻炼”时,为不可数名词即不加s6.hurt及物动词,使疼痛,受伤,Hehurthislegwhileexercisin
6、g.不及物动词,(部位)疼。Hisleghurtbadly.clean【动词】打扫,cleantheclassroom打扫教室,【形容词】干净的,cleaner意为清洁工。(用手或器具)打;击打Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位;hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。beusedtosth./doingsth.习惯于、适应了、做某事,强调状态;Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.maryisn
7、otusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“变得习惯,逐渐适应”强调过程、动作:Itsdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountryshabit.20.【复习】free形容词空闲的freetime;免费的thedrinkisforfree;自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【动词】使解脱,得到自由:Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完,用尽whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodo
8、somethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth.人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.takearisk=takerisks冒险23.theimportanceofsth.(做)某事的重要性westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceofEnglish.importancen.重要(性),importantadj.重要的,unimportantdecision【名词】决定;抉择;makeadecision做决定;makeadecisiontodosth.=deci
9、detodosth.。25.beinthecontrolof掌管,管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制,无法管理beundercontrol被控制住,在控制之中26.【复习】mind意为介意,minddoingsth.介意做某事,wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?27.giveupsth.放弃(做)某事,giveupcomputergames;giveup后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式,也可不接,如:Nevergiveupeasily.二、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反
10、身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【用法】.可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如:mariaboughtherselfascarf.wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如:Sheisntquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。如:Shehers
11、elfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短语当中。lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己enjoyoneself玩得高兴,过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用(随便吃/喝些).hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语buyoneselfsth.给自己买东西introduceoneself介绍自己【提醒】.反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。如:我自己能完成作业。(误)myselfcanfinishmyhomework.Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用onesown.如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)Imdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.Imdrawingwithmyowncrayons.m
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