医学常用英语词汇 打印版(12页).doc

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1、-医学常用英语词汇 打印版-第 12 页2014年临床技能竞赛培训单词表A南方医科大学南方医院n 1-1心血管系统The Cardiovascular Systeml Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞l Electrocardiogram (ECG) 心电图l Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病l Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病l Hemangioma 血管瘤l Vasodilatation 血管扩张l Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化l Hype

2、rtension 高血压l Hypertrophy 肥大l Hypotension 低血压l Varicose veins 静脉曲张n 1-2血液及淋巴系统The Hemic and Lymphatic Systeml Adenitis 腺炎l Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴细胞性白血病l Leukocyte 白细胞l Leukocytopenia白细胞减少l Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮l Splenomegaly 脾肿大l Anemia贫血l Aseptic 无菌的l Septicemia败血症l Hemosta

3、sis 止血l Transfusion输血n 1-3呼吸系统The Respiratory Systeml Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞l Mucosa 黏膜l Exhale呼气l Apnea窒息l Tachypnea气促l Pneumonia肺炎l Bronchitis支气管炎l Empyema 脓胸n 1-4消化系统The Digestive Systeml Short of breath 呼吸短促l Dysphasia言语障碍l Dysphagia 吞咽困难l Aphasia 失语症l Aphonia失声l Gingivitis 齿龈炎l Pharyngitis 咽炎l

4、Laryngitis 喉炎l Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查l Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄l Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术l Gastric cancer 胃癌l Gastritis 胃炎l Gastroenteritis胃肠炎l Gastrorrhagia胃出血l Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞l Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡l Peritonitis 腹膜炎l Enterorrhagia 肠出血l Enterorrhexis 肠破裂l Appendicitis 阑尾炎l Colon cancer结肠癌l Proct

5、oscopy 直肠镜检查l Rectal cancer 直肠癌l Anal Fistual 肛瘘l Fistual 瘘管l External hemorrhoid 外痔l Internal hemorrhoid 内痔l Excretion 排泄l Hepatitis肝炎l Hepatomegaly 肝肿大l Gall Stone 胆结石l Cholelithiasis 胆石症l Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化l Ascites腹水n 1-5内分泌系统The Endocrine Systeml Hyperglycemia高血糖症l Goiter 甲状腺肿l Diabetes Mellit

6、us 糖尿病l Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症l Bromidrosis腋臭/狐臭l Pituitary Tumor 脑垂体肿瘤n 1-6神经系统The Nervous Systeml Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化l Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血l Cerebral Edema 脑水肿l Cerebra Palsy脑瘫l Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞l Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎l Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血l Encephalitis 脑炎l Electromyo

7、graphy 肌电图l Neuritis神经炎l Epilepsy 癜痫l Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛l Rachitis 佝偻病l Scoliiosis脊柱侧弯l Spondylitis 脊椎炎l Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹/四肢瘫l Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪/截瘫l Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识l Eye opening睁眼反应l Verbal response 语言反应l Motor response 运动反应l Corneal reflex 角膜反射l Plantar reflex 跖反射/巴

8、宾斯基反射l Sciatica坐骨神经痛l Chorea 舞蹈症l Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩l Migraine 偏头痛l Parkinsons Disease 帕金森氏病l Brain Swelling 脑肿胀l Brain Concussion 脑震荡l Brain Anoxia脑缺氧症l Brain Death 脑死亡n 1-7肌肉骨骼系统The Musculoskeletal Systeml Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字/交叉韧带l Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎l Arthrosclerosis关节硬化l Dege

9、nerated Joint Disease关节退行性疾病l Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折l Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折l Cast 石膏管型l Matastatic Lesion转移性损害l Osteoporosis骨质疏松症l Amputation 截肢l Bone graft 植骨l Hallux Valgus 拇趾外翻l Prosthesis Replacement 假体置换术l Range of Motion 运动范围l Varus 内翻l Chondromalacia软骨软化症n 1-8泌尿及男性生殖系统The Urinary and Male Repr

10、oductive Systeml Cystitis 膀胱炎l Circumcision包皮环割术l Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查l Hydronephrosis肾盂积水l Renal Stone 肾结石l Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭l Cryptorchidism 隐睾症l Spermatogenesis精子生成l Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性前列腺肥大l Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄l Dysuria 排尿困难l Hematuria血尿l Uremia尿毒症l Urinary Tract Infection 尿路

11、感染l Vasoligation 输精管结扎l Impotence 阳萎n 1-9特殊感觉器官The Organs of Special Sensesl Audiometer 听力计l Otitis耳炎l Otorrhea耳漏l Tympanitis中耳炎l Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿刺术l Nasitis鼻炎l Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌l Rhinorrhea 鼻漏l Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物l Intraocular pressure 眼内压l Oculus Uterque 双眼l Oculus Sinister 左眼l

12、Oculus Dexter 右眼l Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌l Ophthalmologist 眼科医师l Diplopia 复视l Myopia 近视l Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂l Corneitis 角膜炎l Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等l Retinopexy 视网膜固定术l Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落l Visual field 视野l Vocal nodular 声带结节l Dermatologist 皮肤科医师l Dermatitis皮肤炎l Cataract白内障l Glaucoma青光眼n 1-10综合l Contra

13、ceptive避孕的l Contraindication 禁忌症l Biology 生物学l Hyperemesis 剧吐l Polydipsia剧渴l Homosexual 同性的l Heterosexual 异性的l Inject 注射l Lipoma 脂肪瘤l Lipoid 类脂的l Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症l Malformaiton 畸形l Malaise 不适l Necrosis坏死l Nocturia 夜尿症l Ployuria 多尿l Narcotics 麻醉药/镇静剂l Hyperplasia 增生l Dysplasia 发育不良l Dyspepsia 消化不良l

14、Prognosis 预后l Antipyretic 解热剂l Hydrophobia 恐水病/狂犬病l Photophobia 畏光l Antibiotic 抗生素l Syndrome 症候群l Hydrotherapy 水疗法l Perforation 穿孔l Percussion叩诊l Visceralgia脏器痛n 2妇产科l Genital 生殖的l Gynecology 妇科l Menstruation 月经l Menopause 更年期l Menorrhagia经血过多l Amenorrhea 无月经l Dysmenorrhea经痛l Menarche初经l Cervical ca

15、ncer 子宫颈癌l Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂l Cervicitis子宫颈炎l Perineum会阴l Endometriosis子宫内膜异位l Ovary 卵巢l Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿l Ovulation排卵l Vaginitis阴道炎l Colposcopy 阴道镜检法l Galactocele乳腺囊肿l Mammography 乳房X光摄影术l Infertility 不孕症l InVitro Fertilization 体外受精l Amnion 羊膜l Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术l Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞

16、l Hydramnion 羊水过多l Anterpartal 产前的l Antepartum 分娩前l Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样l Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称l Artificial Insemination 人工受精l Engagement 进入产位l Estrogen雌激素l Colostrum 初乳l Termination of Pregnancy 妊娠终止l Corpus Luteum 黄体l Vacuum Extraction Delivery 胎头吸引助产l Venereal Disease 性

17、病l Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎l Laparoscope 腹腔镜l Embryo 胚胎l Ectopic Gestation 异位妊娠l Primipara 初产妇l Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位l Dead Detus in Uterus 子宫内死胎l Multipara 经产妇l Parity 经产l Placenta Previa前置胎盘l Postpartum 产后的l Postpartum hemorrhage产后出血l Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症l Adolescence青春期l Basal Body Temperature

18、 基础体温l Cesarean Section 剖腹产l Expected Date of Confinement 预产期l Fallopian Tube 输卵管l Forceps 产钳l Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块l Labor Pain分娩阵痛l Painless Labor 无痛分娩l Molding胎头变形l Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然分娩l Papanicolaou Smear 宫颈涂片检查l Premature Rupture of Membrance 胎膜早破l Progesterone黄体素l Stillbrith死产l

19、 Suture 缝合l Stump残物l Withdrawal Bleeding 撤退性出血n 3-小儿科常用字汇l Apnea呼吸暂停/窒息l Aplastic Anemia再生障碍性贫血l Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形l Bronchial Asthma支气管哮喘l Bronchitis支气管炎l Cephalopematoma头血肿l Erythema红斑l Hypospadia尿道下裂l Dehydration 脱水l Hydrocephalus脑水肿l Hydrocele 阴囊积水l Polydactylia多指畸形l Pyoderma脓皮病l

20、Sepsis 败血症l Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎l Encephalitis脑炎l Gastroenteritis肠胃炎l Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎l Malignant恶性的l Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形l Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息l Cleft Palate 颚裂l Diarrhea腹泻l Dental Caries 龋齿l Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹l Hives Urticaria荨麻疹l Torticollis斜颈l Vaccine疫苗l Incubat

21、or 早产儿保育器l Cleft lip 兔唇l Chicken pox 水痘l Club foot 畸足l Diphtheria白喉l Dengue fever 登革热l Eczema湿疹l Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒l German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹l Giant baby巨婴l Gonorrhea 淋病l Hepatitis B 乙型肝炎l Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病l Jaundice 黄疸l Mongolian spots 蒙古斑l Mumps 腮腺炎l Respiratory arrest呼吸停止l Ro

22、seola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹l Vomiting呕吐n 4精神科l Mental retardation 智能迟钝l autism自闭症l dement 痴呆症l alzheimers dementia阿尔茨海默氏痴呆l alcoholism 酗酒l substances Intoxication 物质中毒l alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒l amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒l schizophrenia精神分裂病l delusional Disorder 妄想性病患l Major Depressive Disorder重度抑郁症l

23、Phobia恐怖症l Osessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫症l pedophilia恋童癖l exhibitionism 裸露狂l Transvestic Fetishism 异装症l Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同障碍l Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症l Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症l blunted affect 感情迟钝l silly Laughter 傻笑l apathy冷漠l irritable 易怒的l euphoria欣快感l depression 忧郁l ambivalence感情矛盾l Flat

24、 Affect感情平淡l suicide attempt 自杀企图l queer behavior 怪异行为l bizarre behavior 特异行为l hypertalkative 多话l hypotalkative 少话l mutistic不语l hyperactivity 活动过多l hypoactivity 活动过少l compulsive behavior 强迫行为l verbigeration 重复语言l catelepsy 僵直l negativism阻抗行动l Mannerism作态行为l destrctive behavior 破坏行为l autistic thinkin

25、g 自闭性思考l poverty of speech 言语贫乏l flight of ideas 思维奔跃l loosening of association 思维散漫l illogical thinking 非逻辑性思维l pressure speech 言语急迫l thought blocking 思维中断l incoherent 语无伦次l thought Withdrawal 思维被夺l irrelevant 答非所问l delusion 妄想l delusion of persecution 被害妄想l delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想l acrophobia 恐高

26、症l algophobia 疼痛恐怖症l sexual drive 性冲动l illusion 错觉l hallucination 幻觉l auditory hallucination 听幻觉l disoreinatation 失去定向力l amnesia记忆缺失/健忘症l confabulation 虚谈症l orientation 定向力l judgement 判断力l derealization 现实感丧失l insight 洞察力l no in insight 无洞察力l intellectual insight 理性的病识感l true emotional insight 真正具有情

27、绪性病识感l free association 自由联想l dream analysis 梦的解析l ego 自我l id 本我l super ego 超我l ego boundary 自我界限l libido 原欲/性的冲动l scapegoat 代罪羔羊l internal conflict 内在冲突l conscious 意识l unconscious 潜意识l preconscious前意识l transference 情感转移l depersonalization 人格解体l derealization 脱离现实l neurosis神经症l Psychosis神经病l Pleasur

28、e Principle 享乐原则l Reality Principle 现实原则l Moral Principle 道德原则l Predisposing Factors 潜在因素l Precipitating Factors 诱发因素l Defense Mechanism 防卫机转l compensation 补偿作用l conversion 转化作用l denial 否认作用l displacement 转移作用l dissociation 解离作用l fantasy 幻想作用l identification 认同作用l introjection 内射作用l projection 外射作用l

29、 retionalization 合理化作用l reaction formation 反向作用l degression 退化作用l repression 潜抑作用l suppression 压抑作用l restitution 归还作用l sublimation 升华作用l substitution 取代作用l symbolism 象征作用l undoing 抵销作用l distortion 曲解作用l isolation 隔离作用l Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗l Empathy 移情作用l Resistance阻抗l testing out behav

30、ior 试探行为l self-awareness自我意识l separation anxiety 分离焦虑l reinforcement 增强原则l catharsis 情绪宣泄l confrontation 面质l listen 倾听l restraint 约束l physical restraint 身体的约束l chemical restraint 药物的约束n 2医院常用(汉英)l Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科l Resident in medicine 内科住院医师l Chief of Medi

31、cine 内科主任 (Medical man)l Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师)l House officer 医院医师的称呼l Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)l Extern 医院实习生l Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生l Student nurse 护理学生l Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士l Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证l Supervisor督导护士l Head nurse护士长l Scrub n

32、urse 手术助理护士l Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生l Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车l Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人l Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,l may walk)l Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病)l Paretic 麻痹患者l Malpractice 诊疗错误l Emergency room 急诊室l Ward 病房l st

33、ation护理站l por恢复室l Patient患者,病人l Narcotic 麻醉药l Nurse护士l Doctor 医生l Internist内科医生l Surgeon外科医生l Dentist 牙科医生l Gynecologist 妇科医生l Orthopedist 骨科医生l Oculist 眼科医生l Pediatrician 小儿科医生l Psychiatrist 精神病医生l Intern实习医生l Examination table 诊疗台l Clinical thermometer 体温计l Stethoscope 听诊器l Reflector 反光镜l X-ray ch

34、eckup X 光检查l X-ray photograph X光像片l Operation 手术l Scalpel 手术刀l Syringe 针筒l Hypodermic needle 注射针l Injection 注射l Ice bag 冰袋l Fixation forceps 固定镊l Medicine, drug药品l Bandage 绷带l Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉l Gauze 纱布l Mask 口罩l Wheel chair 轮椅l Ambulance 救护车l Stretcher 担架l Chart 病历表l Prescription处方l Blood press

35、ure 血压l Blood type 血型l Artificial respiration 人工呼吸l Pill 药丸l Capsule胶囊l Ointment 软膏l Iodine tincture 碘酒l Sedative 镇静剂l Intensive care unit 加护病房l Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术l Intravenous drip 点滴l Chemotherapy化学治疗l Fracture骨折l Gypsum 石膏l 睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleepl 失眠 insomnia ; s

36、leeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleepl 失眠症的人 insomniacl 熟睡 sound (profound) sleepl 睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awakenl 作梦 dreaml 恶梦 nightmarel 梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulisml 梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walkerl 体重方面(weight ; body weight)l 体重为 weigh ; be in weightl 最高 maximuml 最低

37、 minimuml 平均 averagel 最适 optimuml 现在 presentl 体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weightl 体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weightl 瘦 thin ; lean ; skinnyl 瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation)l 肥胖 fat ; stout ; fattyl 体温状况(body temperaturel 量体温 take ones temperaturel 发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation)

38、of temperature ; increase in temperaturel 发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexiall 无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexiall 发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fitl 寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chillsl 退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remitl 发汗 sweating ; perspirati

39、onl 弛张热 remittent feverl 间歇热 intermittent feverl 连续热 continuous feverl 危险期 by crisisl 转轻期 by lysisl 疼痛方面l 偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;l 後头部痛 occipital painl 侧头部痛 temporal painl 前头部痛 frontal painl 头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; ones head aches ; feel a pain in the headl 耳痛 earache ; sore ears ;

40、 toalgial 咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgial 眼痛 have painful eyes ; ones eyes hurt(smart)l 齿痛 toothachel 胸痛 chest painl 心前部痛 precordial painl 心绞痛 anginal painl 胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) painl 胸膜炎痛 pleuritic painl 腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) achel 上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastri

41、uml 上腹部痛 upper abdominal painl 下腹部痛 lower abdominal painl 左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant painl 侧腹部痛 flank painl 背痛 backachel 腰痛 low backache ; lumbagol 关节痛 joint painl 肌肉痛 muscular painl 神经痛 neuralgial 绞痛 colic ; colicky painl 胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colicl 肾石痛 renal colicl 痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping)

42、 pain; spasmodicl 博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) painl 转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiationl 牵连痛 referred painl 电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) painl 带状痛 girdle painl 神经根性痛 root painl 空腹痛 hunger painl 夜间痛 nocturnal painl 自发痛 spontaneous painl 压痛 tendernessl 固定痛fixed (steady) p

43、ainl 灼热痛 burning painl 刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbingl 分裂状头痛 splitting ; rackingl 撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ;l 钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;l 剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severel 不断阵痛 gnawing ; gripingl 擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sorel 针刺痛 pri

44、cking ; prickingl 呼吸器管和循环器管系统l 呼吸 breath ; respirationl 呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspneal 呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose ones breathl 深呼吸 breathe deeplyl 叹息 sigh ; draw a long breathl 喘息 pantl 端坐呼吸 orthopneal 劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ;

45、 difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)l 夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspneal 呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathingl 喘呜 wheeze ; wheezingl 打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneezel 打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultusl 咳嗽 coughl 阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmall 清喉 clear the throatl 乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive coughl 有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputuml 喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectoratel 喀血 hemoptysis ; blo