永别了武器中“雨”的意象(17页).doc

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1、-永别了武器中“雨”的意象-第 19 页青 岛 理 工 大 学毕 业 设 计（论 文）题目The Image of Rain in A Farewell to Arms永别了，武器中“雨”的意象 2010 年 6 月 3 日摘要永别了，武器是美国小说家欧内斯特海明威的代表作。他运用严峻的现实主义结合富有诗意的语言，对战争作了有力的抨击，同时向读者讲诉了一个动人的爱情故事。本文以对文中“雨”的意象分析为基础来研究永别了，武器。文中的不同场景下的“雨”不仅向我们展示了绝望，抑郁，悲伤，离别，焦虑，无助，而且还有死亡.本论文按小说故事情节的发展分为五个部分，从对作者及其作品的简要分析着笔，在向读者简

2、单介绍作品情节的基础上逐一对文中男女主人公相遇，相识，相知，分别，重逢，永别等不同场景中的“雨”进行了剖析。结合不同场景中“雨”所反映出的不同意象探索小说的主题战争摧毁了人类的幸福。文章标题点明告别了硝烟弥漫的战场，实际上，也暗示着告别爱情，由此推出“迷惘的一代”对“厌恶战争，呼吁和平”的衷心呼唤。KEY WORDS:永别了武器，雨，意象，死亡，分别，战争，和平ABSTRACTA Farewell to Arms as the representative work of Ernest Hemingway is a combination of realism and poetic langu

3、age presenting a powerful argument against war and telling a touching love story at the same time. This paper will make a thematic study on A Farewell to Arms based on the analysis of the image of rain in the novel. The image shows us not only the desperation, depression, sentiment, parting, anxiety

4、, helplessness ,but also deathThe exploration of the theme is made in five parts with the development of the plots. Starting from the brief analysis of the author and the work, the paper analyzes “rain” in the different scenarios of the story involving the hero and heroines encounter, acquaintance,

5、departure, reunion and farewell. The image of rain in the different scenarios of the story is used to strike directly to the subject of the novel that is war destroys human beings happiness. The title reveals that it is a story showing a farewell to battlefield, in fact it demonstrates a farewell to

6、 love, which, in turn expresses the heartfelt desire of the “Lost Generation” at that time “aversion to war and call for peace”.KEY WORDS:A Farewell to Arms, rain, image, death, parting, war, peaceContentsIntroduction. (8)Chapter One A Brief Introduction to the Author and the Novel. (10) 1.1 Brief i

7、ntroduction to Ernest Hemingways life. (10) 1.2 About the novel. (11) Outline of the novel. (11) The style and structure of the novel. (12)Chapter Two Image of Rain Reflecting Desperation, Depression and Sentiment.(14) 2.1 The rain in nature, in the war and in the hospital. (14) 2.2 The symbolism of

8、 the rain. (14)Chapter Three Image of Rain As a Symbol of Departure.(16) 3.1 The rain in the railway station. (16) 3.2 The symbolism of the rain. (16)Chapter Four Image of Rain Reflecting Anxiety and Helplessness.(18) 4.1 The rain during their boating to Switzerland. (18) 4.2 The symbolism of the ra

9、in. (18)Chapter Five Image of Rain Symbolizing Death.(20) 5.1 The rain in the childs birth and after Catherines death. (20)5.2 The symbolism of the rain. (20)Conclusion. (22)Acknowledgements. (23)Bibliography. (24)IntroductionCreated by mankind with their own created weapons, war is still an inevita

10、ble topic of todays world. Ernest Hemingway, one of the most famous American writers of the 20th century, wrote “A Farewell to Arms” in a good wish. He wrote novels and short stories about outdoorsmen, expatriates, soldiers and other men of action. He took much of his life story line to his novel. H

11、is main representatives are The Old Man and the Sea, The Sun Also Rises, For Whom The Bell Tolls, In Love and War etc. A Farewell to Arms is his well-known early masterpiece. The novel, a love story, draws heavily on Hemingways experiences as a young soldier in Italy. It tells the story of Lieutenan

12、t Frederic Henry, a young American ambulance driver serving in the Italian army during World War I. After Henry is wounded at the front by a trench mortar shell, he falls in love with the British nurse, a girl called Catherine Barkley who tends to him in the hospital during his recuperation, and the

13、ir relationship develops. His recuperation and romance with the now pregnant Catherine ends abruptly when Henry must return to the front. Henry narrowly escapes death at the hands of Italian soldiers who are executing officers separated from their troops during the Italians disastrous retreat follow

14、ing the Battle of Caporetto. He finds Catherine, and after a sojourn in an Italian resort, the couple flee to Switzerland on the eve of Henrys arrest for deserting. In Switzerland, their child is born dead, and Catherine dies shortly after due to hemorrhages. The novel has won many readers by its re

15、fined, simple writing style, and the use of symbolic writing style endows the works with rich connotation and imagination. In the text, he applies symbolism to different scenes which suggests the tragic atmosphere of the novel and endows rain with different kinds of implications to highlight the rut

16、hless, sad, miserable and desolate atmosphere of the war, in which the peoples depression, repression, sadness, helplessness and desperation are set off. At the same time, the author tells the story about the heros feeling towards the cruel war which deprives human lives and happiness and brings alo

17、ng disaster and grieves. Many experts have probed into this topic, they have a lot of different opinions about the implications of the Rain. This paper is intended to do deeper research and show a specific view. It focuses on Rain in different scenarios of the story to show the various images of “Ra

18、in”: desperation, depression, sentiment, parting, anxiety, helplessness and death.The research is meaningful because it is useful for us to grasp the direction of the novel. We can save our time and energy in the road of researching the meaning of literature in our modern times. By better understand

19、ing the voice- “aversion to war and call for peace” of the “Lost Generation”, people can deeply intensify their understanding of the meaning of peace in modern society.Chapter One A Brief Introduction to the Author and the NovelHemingway is seen to be the representative of the Lost Generation writer

20、s of literary genres, and his novel A Farewell to Arms is also increasingly recognized as the outstanding masterpiece of him. This work, in addition to realistic description writing as well as his cable-style simple, subtle style under his iceberg theory, has more fascinating symbols.1.1 Brief intro

21、duction to Ernest Hemingways lifeErnest Hemingway was born in Oak Park, near Chicago on July 21, 1899. His father, a well-to-do physician bequeathed his son a way of life, and of death, initiated him into the rituals of hunting and fishing in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.After graduation Hemingwa

22、y worked as a reporter in 1917, and he learnt a great deal about exactness and style in reporting at that time. But World War I absorbed this boys attention, as a youth of 18, Ernest Hemingway was eager to fight in the Great War. Poor vision kept him out of the army, so he joined Italian Red Cross,

23、and became a driver of a volunteer unit in France. During that war, Hemingway experienced two important things that could be never forgotten in his life. One of them was his wound in the leg which made him become the first American wounded in that country. He suffered serious injuries; the doctor ga

24、ve him as much as thirteen operations, and took out 227 shrapnel and bomb chips from his body. But there were still about ten ones, which could not be taken out, they only had to let them stay in his body until he died. To the doctors surprise, this wounded survived magically in the end. While livin

25、g in a hospital in Milan, Hemingway met with an American nurse who was several years older than he, named Agnes, who became the archetype of the heroine in A Farewell to Arms. The meeting was the second unforgettable thing in his life during the World War I. With Agnes, Hemingway began his first lov

26、e, but the lady married another man after the war. That made Hemingway feel very angry and have a feeling of being cheated, and this thing also affected the models of women characters in his later novels. In fact his first wife was several years older than him.Later, while working in Paris as a corr

27、espondent, he became involved with the expatriation and artistic circle surrounding Gertrude Stein. During the Spanish Civil War, Hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side. He fought in World War II and then settled in Cuba in 1945. In1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for li

28、terature. After his expulsion from Cuba by the Castro regime, he moved to Idaho. In his life, Hemingway married four times and wrote numerous essays, short stories and novels. The effects of Hemingways lifelong depressions, illness and accidents caught up with him. In July 1961, he committed suicide

29、 with his dear double-tube hunting gun in Ketchum, Idaho.Hemingway is a representative writer of the “Lost Generation” after the World War I. His philosophy on life approximates to the theory of the jungle justice and survival of the fittest. He believes that the life is incomparably cruel, and the

30、peaceable period is just the continuation of the war. But he still believes that there are many beautiful things, which could be used to ease the sadness in the world. Despite the bloody massacre of the war, love could also serves as a go-between to get rid of the pain.1.2 About the novelA Farewell

31、to Arms as one of Ernest Hemingways early famous novel announces Hemingways opposition to wars. The author wrote the novel by adopting the first call to narrate the story. Outline of the novelLieutenant Frederic Henry, the protagonist is a young American attached to an Italian ambulance unit on the

32、Italian front. When Henry returne to the front he learned from his friend, Lieutenant Rinaldi, that a group of British nurses have arrived during his absence to set up a British hospital unit. Rinaldi introduce him to a nurse named Catherine Barkley. The two soon fall in love with each other. Before

33、 Henry leave for the front to stand by for an attack, Catherine give him a St. Anthony medal. At the front, as Henry and some Italian ambulance drivers are eating in a dugout, an Austrian projectile explore over them. Henry, badly wounds in the legs, be taken to a field hospital. Later he is moved t

34、o a hospital in Milan. While he is in hospital, Catherine often comes to his ward, which helps Henry getting rid of his restlessness and loneliness. After his operation, Henry convalesces in Milan with Catherine Barkley as his attendant. Together they dine in out of the way restaurants, and together

35、 they ride about the countryside in a carriage. Summer passes into autumn. Henrys wound has healed and he is due to take convalescent leave in October. He and Catherine plan to spend the leave together, but he come down with jaundice before he can leave the hospital. Before he recovers and ready to

36、leaves for the front, Henry and Catherine stay together in the hotel room, already she has disclosed to him that she is a pregnant. When Henry return to the battlefield, the war is going bad in Italy. The German troops force a full-scale retreat. Then Henry deserts the war in a daring escape. He lea

37、ves and meets Catherine in Stresa. The two go over to Switzerland where they spend an idyllic time waiting for the birth of their baby. Catherine has had a long and difficult labor. Their baby is delivered dead. Catherine dies soon after from “one hemorrhage after another”. After Catherines death, H

38、enry leaves and walks back to his hotel. The style and structure of the novelWar and love are obviously two important themes in the book. In the first two parts we are in the war which is overwhelming. In the last two parts we are in love. And, just as the first two parts are prepared with love in t

39、he time of war, the last two parts are tinged with war in the time of love. The third part is the bridge between the two stories and it is not surprising that it centers on the escape. It is during the escape that Henry resolves that he is through with the war (a war in which he really has no place)

40、 and decides that all he wants is to be with Catherine.Hemingways declarative, terse prose serves him well in this novel. It enables our narrator to be initially detached from life, and also serves to paint an uncompromising picture of the war. Additionally, it is used to produce a realistic narrati

41、ve from Henrys point of view, shying away from elaborate schemes and descriptions. Because of it, nothing in the novel is romanticized. The love between Henry and Catherine is an elegant one, and in Hemingways hands it becomes more of a function of existence rather than the primary focus of the nove

42、l.Readers will not fail to notice the humor, which Hemingway manages to gleam despite the seriousness of his topic.( Carson,1972:22).Chapter Two Image of Rain Reflecting Desperation, Depression and SentimentThe image of Rain runs through the whole passage, service for the two themesDisaster and Deat

43、h. It is the accumulating and condensing process with the time transferring and space continuing. The symbolism of the rain changes with the heros fate.As a kind of set-off of the symbolism, the use of rain receives high praise. In fact, it is just likes a refrain which is always sung wherever it is

44、 needed. At the very beginning of the novel rain goes2.1 The rain in nature, in the war and in the hospital“The rain begins to fall in the Octoberthe leaves all fell from the trees and the branches were bare and the trunks black with rainall the country wet and brown and dead with the autumn”(Ernest

45、 Hemingway,1987:5). “At the start of the winter came the permanent rain and with the rain came the cholera. But it was checked and in the end only seven thousand died of it in the army” (Ernest Hemingway, 1987:8).“I am afraid of the rain because sometimes I see myself dead in it” (Ernest Hemingway, 1987:19).“It turned cold that night and the next day it was