特殊句式与写作(23页).doc

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1、-特殊句式与写作-第 23 页精锐教育辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：高三 课时数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 培训师：Cindy Rao课 题高三英语授课时间：2016.4.30 12：50-14：50备课时间： 2016.4.27教学目标高考重要句式之虚拟语气、倒装句& 作文预测二 &高考考纲重点词组详解一重点、难点重要句式 考点及考试要求教学内容.虚拟语气 if条件状语从句用法：条件从句主句与现在事实相反did/ wereshould/would/might/could do与将来事实相反did/were/should doshould/would/might/could do与过去事实相

2、反had doneshould/would/might/could have done注意：如果if引导的是真实条件句（译为“是否”）时，无需用虚拟时态。if引导的虚拟语气的倒装（部分倒装）： 省略if的虚拟条件句中，从句谓语动词有were、had、should等词时，可将if省略，把were、had、should移到主语之间（句首）。 例：if I were a bird ，should/would/might/could.=Were I a bird ，should/would/might/could.常见宾语从句中的虚拟语气： 过去: had done wish/if only/as i

3、f +句子 现在：did/were 将来：would/could/might/should do常见动词后面宾语从句的虚拟语气：表示“要求、建议、命令”，常见有：advise/suggest/recommend/insist/require/request/demand/order等。从句的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 例：I insist that he （should）go with us.注意：当insist译为“坚持认为”、suggest译为“表明”时，无需虚拟语气。主语从句中的虚拟语气： （1）It be + adj.+ that.（shoul

4、d）.常见adj.有：necessary、goood、important、natural、strange、surpringright/better/wrong/proper/funny等。 例：Its natural that he should feel hurt. （2）It be + 过去分词 +that.（should）.常见过去分词有：desired、suggested、requested、ordered、proposed等（四层含义）。 例：It is desired that the building of the house （should）be completed next

5、month . did/were （3）It is （about/high）time that. should（不可省） do 例：It is high time I should go/went home now.表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气：常见有：suggestion、proposal、order、advice、demand等（四层含义）。需要具体解释的名词后要使用虚拟，其谓语动词为：should + 动词原形，连接从句的that不能省略。例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once.常考词组的虚拟语气： do sth woul

6、d rather 过去： had done +句子 现在/将来：did/were倒装句 一、完全倒装（主谓之间倒装）主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 句首为there，谓语为be、stand、lie、exist、remain、appear、seem等时. 例：There stands a stone bridge over the river. 句首为表示方位或地点副词或介词短语时。常见有：on the top of 、out、up、then等。 例：Up went the rocket into the sky. 以here、there、now、out、away、then、up、down等为首

7、时，谓语常用be、come、go、begin、follow等。 例：Here comes the bus . 以作表语的形容词、分词置于句首时。 例：Present at the meeting were Mr Li，Mr Wang and mang otherTeathers. 在表达祝愿的句子里。 例：Long live the friendship between American and Chinese peoples！ 二、部分倒装（助动词、情态动词或be动词置于主语之前） 省略if的虚拟条件句中，从句谓语动词有were、had、should等词时，可将if省略，把were、had、

8、should移到主语之间（句首）。 句首为否定或半否定的词语时，如: no、not、never、seldom、little、hardly、at no time、in no way、no longer、not until等时。 例：Little does he care about money. （当谓语动词为行为动词时，要在主语加助动词do/did/does.） only + 副词/介词短语/状语放在句首时,用部分倒装。 例：Only in this way can you learn English well . so，neither，nor 表示“也，也不”时，所在句子部分倒装。 例：I

9、am good at English ，so is he. 补充整理： so/neither/nor + 主语 + 谓语 某人的确是/不是这样so/neither/nor + 谓语 + 主语 某人也是如此 其中so表肯定、neither/nor表否定。 so.that.或such.that.引导的结果状语从句中，当so、such置于句首时，采用部分倒装。 例：Such a fine day is it that we would like to paly outside. such作代词置于句首时，采用部分倒装。 例：Such was the story he told me . as引导的让

10、步状语从句必须将表语或状语提前，采用部分倒装。 例：Young as he is ，he knows a lot. as 引导让步状语从句时，必须倒装； though 引导让步状语从句时，可倒可不倒； while 引导让步状语从句时，不能倒装。 The more . ，the more .结构中，通常把表语、状语或宾语前置。 例：The more you learn ，the better equipped for life you will be . 在表示祝愿的祈使句中，常把副词或may提前： 副词 + 谓语 + 主语 （全部倒装） 写成 may + 主语 + 谓语 （部分倒装） 例： L

11、ong live the Peoples Republic of China . May you succeed .= Wish you success .作文预测二4. 我国正提倡建设“节约型社会”，下图为某校两个学期用水、用电、用纸的情况。请对其进行简要分析，以“How to build an economized society”为题，写一篇作文，谈谈自己的想法。项目学期 用电 用水 用纸上学期 80万元 62万元 11万元下学期 95万元 73万元 127万元文章须包括以下要点：节电：及时关闭电灯、电脑等用电设备节水：随手关闭水龙头；废水再利用节纸：纸张再利用补充：自己日常生活所感所为

12、留意：1词数：100120词，短文标题、开头已给出，但不计入总词数。2内容可适当发挥，留意行文贯通。 How to build an economized society With the development of society, more and more countries begin to increase economic, but we shouldnt forget to protect environment. Our government is aiming to build an economized societyIt is everybodys duty to wo

13、rk hard to achieve this goal including us students To build an economized society, we must keep the following points in our minds. Firstly, make sure that the lights and the electric fans are turned off when there is no one in the room. Set the room temperature at above 26. Remember to turn off the

14、computer when you are not using it. Secondly, try to form the habit of turning off the tap after it is used. Use basins when washing faces or vegetables. Thus the water can be used again to clean toilets or water flowers. Thirdly, it will be good enough to use a basket instead of plastic bags when y

15、ou go to the market. As we know, a basket can be used many more times. In a word, we should try our best to build an economized society. 5. 2月4日，星期天上午，你们班同学骑车到学校附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。请根据下表内容，写一篇日记，发表你对此次活动的看法。1组扫除：清理废纸、烟蒂、塑料袋等废弃物2组宣传：树立标牌，告诉游客要爱护花木3组演讲：向游客宣传“白色污染”的害处以及保护环境的重要性你的看法1日记必须包括表内所有的内容，可以适当增加细节，使内

16、容连贯；2日记格式及首句已给出，不列入总词数；3词数：100词左右。4参考词汇：烟蒂cigarette endFebruary 4, Sunday FineThis morning our class organized an environmental protection activity in the nearby park. On arriving there, we were divided into three groups .The first group collected the rubbish, such as the waste paper, cigarette ends

17、 ,plastic bags and so on. The second group set up several boards to remind the visitors to take care of the flowers and trees. The last group gave a speech to the visitors on the danger of “white pollution” and the importance of protecting the environment.I think it is very important for us to prote

18、ct the environment .For the sake of peoples health and happiness, measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution and everyone should make a contribution to it.高考考纲重点词组一1.have the ability to do sth.有能力做某事2.be able to do sth有能力做某事3.above all尤其是，最重要的是4.go abroad去国外5.at home and abroad在国内外6.i

19、n sbs/during sbs absence不在时，缺席7.be absent from缺席，不在8.be absorbed in 专心致志于9.be generally accepted 被普遍接受10.have access to 可以进入11.by accident 偶然地12.accomplish goals 实现目标13.according to 根据14.account for 解释；说明；占15.take into account 考虑16.on account of 因为17.accuse sb. of sth. 指控18.be accustomed to sth/doin

20、g sth习惯于19.go across 穿过20.act as 充当21.be active in/take an active part in 积极参加22.acquire knowledge获得知识23.take action 采取行动24.be adapted to sth/adapt oneself to sth 适应25.in addition to 除了26.add up to 总计27.add to 增加28.add A to B 把A加到B29.in advance 事先30.admire sb. for钦佩的31.admit sb into/to sp允许某人进入某地32.

21、admit doing 承认做过某事33.advanced technology 先进的技术34.take advantage of 趁机利用35.advise doing. 建议做某事36.advise sb. to do. 建议某人做某事37.advise sb against doing 建议某人不要做某事38.have affection for sb. 对某人有感情/喜爱某人39.afford+n./afford to do sth买得起40.after all毕竟41.ask after向问好42.be of an age都是同年的43.aged people上了年纪的人44.ho

22、me for the aged 老人院45.agree to do sth答应做某事46.agree with sb同意某人47.agree to ones suggestion同意某人的建议48.agree on 对意见一致49.ahead of 在前面50.ahead of time 提前51.first aid急救52.aim at/take aim at 瞄准53.on the air广播着，播送着54.in alarm 惊慌地55.alarm clock 闹钟56.all day long整天57.all ones life的一生58.all the way一路上，一直59.all

23、the same仍然，（虽然）还是60.all in all全部地；整个地；一切的；最重要的是61.in all/ altogether 总共62.allow sb to do允许某人做某事63.allow doing 允许做某事. 64.alternative methods 供选择的方法65.be amazed at惊讶66.have an ambition for 有的志向67.a large amount of大量的(修饰不可数名词)68.amuse sb with sth拿来消遣69.and so on 等等70.be angry with sb 对某人生气/发火.71.be ang

24、ry at sth. 对某事生气72.be anxious about 对担心/忧虑73.be anxious for sth. 渴望得到某物74.answer for 负责75.anything but根本不，决不，一点也不76.apologize to sb for (doing) sth因向某人道歉77.make an apology 道歉78.It appears that. 似乎79.sb./ sth appears to do 似乎做80.apply to do 申请做81.apply for sth 申请82.apply A to B 把A应用于B中去83.be appointe

25、d as/to be. 被任命为84.an approach to (doing) sth. 一种做的方法85.stimulate /spoil appetite 刺激/破坏胃口86.make/keep an appointment 约会/ 守约87.appreciate (doing) sth 欣赏（做）某事88.appreciate your kindness in doing感激某人的好意做某事89.arouse curiosity引起好奇心90.artificial flowers 人造花91.argue with sb. 与某人辩论 92.argue for 赞成93.arrange

26、 for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事94.make arrangements to do sth. 安排作某事95.under arrest/ attack 逮捕/ 受攻击96.on ones arrival当某人到达时97.be ashamed of 对感到羞耻的98.associate A with B联系/联想(抽象)99.ask about 询问100.ask for sth.要求得到某物101.ask for leave请假102.ask sth of sb要求，期望103.fall asleep 睡着104.be fast/sound asleep 睡得很熟105

27、.be wide awake 脑子非常清醒睡不着106.in this aspect/respect 在这个方面107.assure sb. of sth. 向某人保证108.attachto把附在上109.attach importance to 重视110.pay attention to (doing) sth.注意111.make an attempt to do sth/ attempt to do sth.企图做尝试做112.have a different attitude towards/to对有不同的态度113.be attracted by 被吸引114.a large/s

28、mall audience 很多/少听众115.arise from/ out of 由发生；产生于；升起；出现 116.approve of (doing)sth 赞成（做）某事117.avoid doing 避免做118.sth. be available to 某人可以得到某物119.on (the) average 平均120.award sb. for doing sth. 因而授于某人 121.be aware of意识到122.keep balance 保持平衡123.keep the balance of nature 保持自然平衡124.ban smoking禁止吸烟125.

29、be based on 基于,以为基础126.begin with 由开始/结束127.hold a belief 持有信念128.believe in 信任、信仰129.belong to 属于(主动)130.bear sth in mind牢记131.bear a baby生孩子132.behave yourself 守规矩133.fall behind落后134.leave sth. behind 遗留某物; 把某物落在某地135.sth. benefit sb./sth be beneficial to sb 某物使某人受益136.sb. benefit from某人从中得益137.b

30、eyond my power超过我的能力138.beyond my comprehension/ me 我无法理解139.be bitterly punished 受到严厉的惩罚140.bitter memory 痛苦的回忆141.blame sb for sth. 因责备某人142.blame sth on sb 把某事归咎在某人身上143.sb be to blame for sth.某人因而应受到责备144.be blind to 盲目, 对视而不见145.turn a blind eye to 对视而不见146.be blind in the left/right eye 左/右眼瞎了

31、147.be blocked=be held up 被堵了148.a block of ice 一大块冰149.blood type/group血型150.make a blood test验血151.aim a blow at sb对某人猛烈一 击152.blow off 吹走 I had m hat blown off153.black and blue all over浑身青一块紫一块154.notice board 通知栏155.on board 在船上/飞机上.156.join the board/the army/the party参加董事会/参军/入党157.boast of /

32、about sth 吹嘘/夸耀158.body and soul 身心159.build up ones body/character健全体魄/培养性格160.book a ticket for 预定一张.的票161.place an order for sth with .向.预定.162.booking office售票处163.on the border of China and Russia在中俄边界164.be bored with/be fed up with/ be tired of 对于感到厌倦165.be bored to death厌烦得要死166.be born of p

33、oor parents出生于贫苦家庭167.be born in a poor family出生于贫苦家庭168.be born with sth天生具有.169.a born musician 一天生音乐家170.borrow sth from sb/sp从.借.171.bother oneself about sth担心某事172.bother sb with sth 用.纠缠/烦扰某人173.at the bottom of sea在海底174.thank sb from the botoom of ones heart从心底里感激某人175.bottom up 干杯176.bow on

34、es head 点头177.use ones brains动动脑筋178.have good brains很有头脑179.a brain worker脑力工作者180.a branch bank/school/office分行/分校分部181.brand name品牌182.brand-new 崭新的183.bread and butter is my breakfast184.break down (汽车)的坏掉185.break into 破门而入186.break in闯入,插嘴187.break up 破裂188.break away from 从脱离,与断绝关系, 从逃脱189.br

35、eak out 暴发(用于主动)190.have a break/ rest休息一下191.take a deep breath 深呼吸192.be out of breath 上气不接下气193.hold ones breath屏住呼吸194.breathe fresh air呼吸新鲜空气195.a rare breed of butterfly 一种稀有种类的蝴蝶196.a brief introduction 简短的介绍197.in brief/in detail简短的/详细的198.a fire brigade 消防队199.have a bright future有光明的前途200.

36、bring about=lead to =cause=result in引起,导致201.bring .to an end结束202.bring . to life使.苏醒203.broad question 广泛的问题204.a broad-minded person一个心胸宽阔的人 205.broadcast sth live现场广播.206.browse through/over 浏览207.build up ones strength after an illness病后恢复体力208.bump into sb.=come across=run into=meet with 撞上某人/

37、偶然遇到209.a bunch of flowers/keys/grapes一束花/一串钥匙/葡萄210.be burdened with 负担着211.put a heavy burden on sb 给某人施加重压212.be burnt to death被烧死213.burst into tears/ laughter 突然大笑/大哭=burst out crying/laughing214.be buried in books/study/thought埋头读书/学习/沉思215.beat around/about the bush旁敲侧击216.be on business/holi

38、day在出差/度假217.open/close a business开业/歇业218.be busy with 忙于做某事219.be busy in doing忙于做某事220.have no choice but to do sth=can do nothing but do sth别无选择只能做.221.cannot but do sth不得不,不禁222.anything but根本不223.last but not the least最后但不是最不重要的224.but for=without要是没有(勇于虚拟语气)225.buy sth for 5 yuan 5块钱买了.226.bu

39、y sth for sb =buy sb sth为某人买.227.be paid by the hour按小时计酬228.by weight/length/the dozen/dozens/the meter以重量/长度/打/米计算229.do sth by mistake由于出差错做了.230.by and by=soon不久以后231.pocket calculator袖珍计算器232.call on sb.=drop in on sb 拜访某人233.call at some place=drop in at sp 拜访某地234.call on sb to do sth号召某人做某事2

40、35.call up ones memory of 使回忆起236.call in 叫进来237.call for=need 需要/ 要求238.go camping/skiing./skating/shopping 去野营/去滑雪/去滑冰/去购物239.on the campus 在校园里240.be capable of doing sth/a capable man能够做某事/一个有能力的人241.care for关心,喜欢/care about 在意242.take care of 照看243.be careful of rats 当心老鼠244.be careful with spe

41、lling 当心拼写245.be careful in doing sth 在做时要当心246.carry out a plan/duty 执行计划/履行义务247.carry on ( with ) sth. 继续做248.in case/for fear that/lest +从句 万一249.in case of +sth. 万一250.just in case 万一251.in no case 绝不, 在任何情形下都不252.in any case 无论如何253.in this/that case 在这种/那种情况下254.pay in cash/by credit card 用现金

42、/信用卡支付255.cast a net撒网256.cast/throw a shadow over投下一片阴影257.be caught on the spot 当场被抓到258.be caught in the rain 淋雨259.catch sb. Doing sth 逮到某人做某事260.catch a cold感冒 261.catch fire 着火262.catch up with追上,赶上263.catch sb by the arm抓住某人的手臂264.catch ones eye引起某人的注意265.cause sb. to do 使某人做某事266.the cause o

43、f sth.的起因267.cause and effect因果268.the cause of education/revolution教育/革命事业269.cease doing 停止做某事270.on the ceiling在天花板上271.at a (closing/opening)ceremony/on a ceremony occasion 在(开/闭)仪式上272.be certain/sure to do 肯定做某事273.be certain/sure of/about (doing )sth 对有把握274.It is certain that 肯定会275.for cert

44、ain 必定276.a chain of reaction 连锁反应277.accept the challenge接受挑战278.win a championship赢得冠军称号279.do sth by chance碰巧280.There is little chance/possibility of doing sth做.的希望/可能性很小281.Chances are that=It is likel that cl.很有可能会.282.change for the better变得更好283.change buses /trains for换车/火车到.去284.charge sb with sth指控.犯.罪285.charge sb money for sth为.向某人要价/收费多少286.free of charge免费287.be in charge