一般过去时和现在完成时.ppt

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1、语法复习动词的时态(二) 一般过去时和现在完成时,前提测评,1. Our teacher _ English on the radio the day before yesterday. A. teaches B. taught C. had taught 2. The boy thought for a while and _ an idea. A. will have B. has C. had 3. -When _ you _ your old friend? -The day before yesterday. A. will, visit B. did, visit C. have

2、visited 4. -How long _ Mrs. Green _ here? -About half a year. A. did, live B. has, lived C. have, lived 5. The students havent visited a museum _. A. already B. ever C. before,6. Someone _ the classroom. Look! How clean it is! A. has swept B. is sweeping C. have swept 7. Uncle Wang has worked in the

3、 factory _ 30 years. A. for B. since C. over 8. Have you _ seen a black man? A. before B. ever C. never 9. Peter lost his bike yesterday. _ he _ it yet? A. Haslooked for B. Does find C. Has found 10. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing. A. livedB. will liveC. has lived,Tea

4、ching Aims: 1. 在老师归纳复习和熟记中考宝典的基础上，让95%的学生能熟练掌握动词过去式构成、一般过去时的基本构成和如何判断一般过去时（找标志词）。 2.在老师归纳复习和熟记中考宝典的基础上，让90%的学生能熟练掌握现在完成时的基本构成、根据already/never/ever/for/since等标志词来判断现在完成时、区别have been/gone to与have been in。 3.在老师分析讲解和记忆中考宝典的基础上，让一半以上的学生能对短暂性动词(瞬间动词)在现在完成时中，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，要改为延续性动词。,Nothing is impossible.

5、（写出下列动词的过去式） work rain watch wash 2. prefer trip drop stop plan shop 3. cry copy try study 4. stay enjoy play destroy 5. live smile move like 6. come write fly buy,一般过去时,came wrote flew bought,1. 动词 + ed,2. 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个字母, 再+ed.,3. 辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再+ed.,4. 元音字母+y结尾的，直接+ed.,5. 以e字母结尾的动词加d。,不

6、规则变化需强记,Exercises:1.我爸爸昨天下午在家,My father was at home yesterday afternoon.,2.我爸爸昨天下午不在家,My father wasnt at home yesterday afternoon.,3.你爸爸昨天下午在家吗？,Was your father at home yesterday afternoon?,一般过去时的构成 was/were (表状态) 动词的过去式 (表动作),找出错处：I was wrote a letter yesterday.,正确：I wrote a letter yesterday.,一般过去时

7、的否定式：wasnt / werent (表状态),一般过去时的疑问式： Was I / he / she / it? Were we / you / they.?,2. 我昨天早上不是六点半起床,I wasnt got up at 6:30 yesterday morning. I didnt get up at 6:30 yesterday morning.,1. 他去年总是坐公共汽车去上班,3. 他去年总是坐公共汽车去上班吗？,He always went to work by bus last year. He was always went to work by bus last y

8、ear.,Did he always go to work by bus last year? Was he always went to work by bus last year?,一般过去时的否定式： didnt + 动词原形(表动作),一般过去时的疑问式： Did we / you / they+动词原形?, , , ,如何判断一般过去时,1. 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态. (常与yesterday, yesterday morning, two days ago, just now, last week/last month/last year, on that day,

9、 at that time, in 2001等时间状语连用),Jim刚才在这里,Jim was here a moment ago.,你一小时前去哪儿了?,Where did you go an hour ago?,刚才,一小时前,2. 表示过去一段时间经常发生的动作或存在的状态. (常与often, usually, always, sometimes等时间状语连用 ), 另外由when引导特殊疑问句用一般过去时，还有由after, before, when引导的时间状语状语从句。,-What _ Mr. Jones _ before he moved here? -He drove a c

10、ity bus. did, doB. does, doC. do, do 2. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai. buysB. will buyC. bought 3. How clean the classroom is! When you it? A. do, cleanB. did cleanC. have, cleaned 4. 当我还是一个小孩的时候, 我经常在街上踢足球. _ in summer when he was young.,I often played football,-I have see

11、n the film “Titanic (铁达尼号)” . -When you it? A. have, seenB. did, seeC. will see 2. -What did the teacher say just now? -He _ us not to play computer games all day. tellsB. toldC. has told 3. -How was your weekend? -Great! We _ a picnic by the lake. haveB. are havingC. had 4. -Havent I told you I lik

12、e coffee without sugar? -Sorry. But I only a little. A. am puttingB. putC. will put,近几年中考题,现在完成时,我已做完作业了. 2. 他刚回来. 3. 你曾经跟外国人说国话吗? _ you ever _ to a foreigner? 4. 我以前从没骑过马. I _ never _ a horse before. 5. 你爸爸在哪? 他去了英国. Where is your father? He _ England.,I have already finished my homework.,构成: have/

13、has + 动词的过去分词,He has just come back.,Have spoken,have ridden,has gone to,用法: 1. 过去的动作对现在所造成的影响. 常与already, yet, never, ever, once, twice, just, before, still, so far, in the last 10 years, recently, ever since等连用. (already 常用于肯定句, yet 用于否定句, 疑问句.),现在完成时及其时间状语,before, ever, never, seldom, sometimes,

14、often, usually, just, so far, up to now， recently 1. Have you ever been to Beijing? 2. Weve never heard the story before.,3. Have you heard from your family recently? 4. Peter has written two novels so far. 5. There has been too much rain this year. 6. The friendly relations and cooperation between

15、our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years. 7. Up to the present everything has been successful.,2.现在完成时表示动作在过去发生持续到现在并将继续下去.,我在这儿教了两年书. 2. 自从你们来这里，你们就在这家工厂工作了吗？ 3. 自从十年前，他就不在美国住了. 4. -你在这里住了多久了？-大概十年了。 -For about 10 years.,I have taught here for 2 years.,Have you worked in the facto

16、ry since you came here?,He hasnt lived in America since 10 years ago.,-How long have you lived here?,常与for + 一段时间 since + 过去的时间(年,月,日,时, ago) 从句(用一般过去时) since I came here how long 引导的特殊疑问句中,3. 短暂性动词(瞬间动词)在现在完成时中，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。要改为延续性动词。,* He has come. (他已经来了) He has come here for two hours. He has b

17、een here for two hours., ,Are they right?,Ive lived in this town since 1990. Weve known each other since we were at school.,This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family. Its the third time Bill has phoned his girlfriend this evening.,Ive lived in this town for ages.

18、I havent seen him for ten years.,表示短暂动作的动词可以用于完成时态。He has come.但不能与 for,since 等表示一段时间时间状语连用以及用于How long 提问的疑问句中。 可用 it is + 时间 + since 从句。,come- been here/been in +地点 go - been there/been in +地点 open -been open close - been closed die-been dead leave-been away buy-have had borrow-have kept become-be

19、en arrive-been in start/begin-been on join-been in/been a member of,1. -When did you buy the book? -In 2008. So I it for 4 years. A. boughtB. have bought C. have had 2. 他奶奶去世十年了。 His grandma for ten years. 3. 他离校一年了。 He from school for a year. 4. 他来这里两年了. He for two years.,has been away,has been dea

20、d,has been here, ,1. I have to Beijing once. been B. goneC. went 2. -Where is your brother? -He has to the library. beenB. goneC. went 3. I have this city for ten years. been inB. been toC. gone to 4. He has gone abroad. He has gone to abroad.,区别have (has) been to, have (has) gone to 和 have (has) be

21、en in有用法。,have ( has) been to 去过某地，人已回来。,2. have (has) gone to 去了某地，但人在外地。,3. have (has) been 指待在某地多长时间了，人仍在那地方，还未走。,4. 注意：与here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, abroad, where连用时中，to或in要去掉。,现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，强调的是现在的情况，所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过， 与现在不发生联系，它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。,

22、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:,总结,He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容。) He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书。) He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地， 在美国。) He went to America. (只说明他去过美国。),1. My aunt isnt here. She Shanghai on business. She will be back in three days. wentB. has gone toC. has been to 2. -Will you

23、 go to the cinema, Mary? -No, I am afraid not. Because I my ticket. loseB. have lostC. lost 3. 我很久没收到他的来信。 I for a long time. 4. 他不在这个城市，他已搬到美国去了。 He isnt in this city. He to the United States.,havent heard from him,has moved,近几年中考题,1. Mrs. Smith with his family in New York in spring of 1997. is, /B

24、. was, theC. has been, the 2. -May I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry, he Australia. But he in two days. has been to, will come back B. has gone to, will be back C. has been in, would come back 3. -How long you here? -Since 10 years ago. A. did, liveB. have, livedC. have, live 4. The rain stopped and the

25、sun to shine. beganB. beginsC. has begun 5. There a big cake and many candies at the party yesterday. A. wasB. wereC. is,达标测评,6. -What do you think of the film Harry Potter? -Its very nice. I it twice. will seeB. have seenC. saw 7. 2010年有很多国家参加上海世博会。 Many countries the Expo in Shanghai. 8. 你听说过My he

26、art will go on这首歌吗？ you the song called My heart will go on?,took part in,Have heard of/heard about,作文： 我去过北京三次，它是我去过的最漂亮的城市之一。每年，它都会吸引数百成人去观光旅游。去年夏天，我和父母去北京游玩，我们参观了故宫(the Forbidden City)，天安门(Tiananmen Square)，还品尝了北京烤鸭(Beijing roast duck)。第三天，我们登上了长城，见到了很多外国人，我还用英语跟一位外国人交流，他说我的口语(spoken English)非常好。

27、最后，我们坐飞机回家。,Beijing is the capital of China. I have been to Beijing three times. It is one of the most beautiful city that I have been. Every year, it attracts millions of people to do some sightseeing. Last summer, I went to visit Beijing with my parents. We visited the Forbidden City, Tiananmen Sq

28、uare and ate Beijing roast duck. On the third day, we climbed up the Great Wall and saw plenty of foreigners. I talked to a foreigner in English and he said that my spoken English was very good. Finally, we flew to Foshan.,1. They _ here since a week ago. A. have been B. have gone C. have been to 2.

29、 I _ France twice. A. have been to B. have gone to C. have been dead 3. The great man _ for 5 years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead 4. -May I speak to John? -Sorry, he _ work. A. has been in B. has gone to C. went to 5. They _ come home yet. A. have B. havent C. didnt 6. The shop which sells coffee _ for 3 years. A. has been openB. has been opened C. has opened,Review,1.现在完成时表示_ _ _,发生在过去但对,现在有影响的动作；发生在过去的,动作但对发生的时间不感兴趣。,2. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 一般过去时表示动作发生在过去， 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去且 延续到现在强调对现在有明显的影响。,