初中英语时间方位介词(18页).doc

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1、-初中英语时间方位介词-第 18 页第04讲_时间和方位介词时间介词知识精讲介词是一种“媒介”词，是用来表示句子中某一个词或短语与另外一个词或短语之间的关系的词。一、表“在时”的时间介词用法示例in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。in the 20th century,in the 1950s, in 1989,in summer, in January,in the morning, in ones thirtieson表示具体某一天及对某一天的早、中、晚进行详细描述。on May 1st, on Monday,on New Years Day,

2、on a cold night,on Sunday afternoonat表示某一具体时刻或钟点，有时也表示在某一节假日；若把一段时间看作某一时刻也可用at。at 3:20, at Christmas,at the beginning of, at night,at noon, at this moment二、常见时间介词辨析1. in和after用法示例in“in +时间段” 表示将来的一段时间以后，用于将来时。My mother will come back in threedays.afterafter+将来时间点” 表示将来的某一时刻以后,用于将来时。She will appear a

3、fter five oclock this afternoon.2. since和for用法示例since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻，后接表过去的句子或者是过去的时间点，通常与完成时连用。1. They have lived here since 1978.2. They have lived here since I wasten years old.for表示动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时间段，主句用完成时。I have studied English for two years.3. by和till/ until用法示例by表示时间，指“到以前”、“到时（为止）”，此时要注意它所连用的

4、时态。I had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.until/till1. until/ till表示“直到” 表示动作持续到什么时候，常与表示延续性的动词连用；2. notuntil 表示“直到才”，常与表示瞬间性的动词连用。1. I will work here until six oclock.2. The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight.三点剖析一、考点：时间in/ on/ at介词的用法。二、重难点：时间介词的辨析及用法。时间介词是中考的考查重点。时间介词

5、的中考题主要以单项选择以及完形填空等题型来考查。注意：during表示事件发生在何时（when），意为“在期间内”的行为或状态。in 表示时间段，相当于during，但是注意在选择的时候一定要优先选择during。例：They visited many cities during their stay in China.他们在中国期间，游览了许多城市。题模精讲题模一 表“在时”的时间介词例1.1、He often goes to school by bike _ the morning.A、atB、inC、onD、for例1.2、They started off _ an autumn aft

6、ernoon.A、atB、inC、onD、during例1.3、用适当的时间介词填空。I often got up _ 6 oclock when I worked in the company _2008.题模二 常见时间介词辨析例2.1、Shanghai Disneyland has started to be built and it will be open_ five years.A、inB、forC、fromD、before例2.2、My uncle has worked at this factory _ five years.A、sinceB、forC、afterD、until

7、例2.3、He lived with his parents_he graduated from college.A、duringB、forC、byD、until随堂练习随练1.1、My uncle has worked at this factory _ five years.A、sinceB、forC、afterD、until随练1.2、Both Mary and Betty will get married this year. Mary is going to begin their honeymoon _Christmas while Betty _ New Years Day.A、

8、on; onB、at; inC、at; onD、by; on随练1.3、根据句意，用适当的时间介词填空。They will have a party _ the afternoon _ June 1st.随练1.4、Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Pairs _ the morning of July 9.随练1.5、Our English teacher often get to school _ 7:00 in the morning.随练1.6、He lives with us _ these years.随练1.7、S

9、uffering from the terrible earthquake, the victims often awake several times _ a cold night.A、onB、atC、inD、during随练1.8、Id like to call on my uncle _ my stay in Beijing this summer.A、duringB、inC、atD、for随练1.9、There was a terrible storm _ the night; it rained _ four or five hours.A、during; duringB、durin

10、g; forC、for; forD、for; during随练1.10、- _ you _ a new phone yet?- Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A、Did, buy; boughtB、Have, bought; boughtC、Have, bought; buyedD、Will, buy; buy随练1.11、My father didnt sleep _ he finished his work.A、beforeB、afterC、sinceD、until随练1.12、- Do you often go to Shanghai?- Yes, I have be

11、en there twice _ Christmas.A、forB、sinceC、atD、on随练1.13、He hasnt heard from her friend _ a long time.随练1.14、_ the end of this term, we had learned 1000Englsh words.随练1.15、I waited for my mother _ 10 oclock.方位介词知识精讲一、表“在位置”的介词at, in用法示例at表示在小地点，如火车站、家、办公室等；Yesterday I arrived at school.in表示在大地点，如国家、城市等

12、。Yesterday I arrived in Beijing.二、表“在方位”的介词1. in, on, to用法示例in表示在范围内；Jiangsu lies in the east of China.on表示毗邻，接壤；Russia lies on the north of China.to表示在范围外，强调不接壤。Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.2. above, over, on “在上”用法示例above指在上方，不强调是否垂直，与below 相对；The bird is flying above my head.over指垂直

13、的上方，与under 相对，但over 与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触；There is a bridge over the river.on表示某物体上面并与之接触。He put his watch on the desk.3. under, below “在下”用法示例under表示在正下方，强调垂直；There is a cat under the table.below表示在下方，不一定在正下方。Please write your name below the line.三、常见方位介词辨析1. between和among用法示例between指在两个人或两个事物之间；There is

14、 a football match between Class One and Class Two on the playground.among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。The teacher is standing among the students.2. across和through用法示例across介词，表示“横过”，即从物体表面通过；She went across the street.cross动词，表示“跨过、越过”=go across；Dont cross the road.through介词，表示“穿过”，即从物体内部穿过。He walked through th

15、e forest.3. along和over用法示例along表示“沿着”街、路、河岸等线形物；There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the street.over表示“越过”某一障碍物。The bear went over the mountain.4. near, by, beside用法示例near表示“在附近”，与far 相对；A hospital was built near the railway station.by/ besideby = beside, 表示“靠近，在旁边”，比near 距离更近。He just sat

16、by/ beside me in the cinema.5. in front of 和in the front of用法示例in front of表示“在之前”（范围外）；He is standing in front of the bus.in the front of表示“在的前部 ”（范围内）。He is in the front of the classroom.6. in the tree和on the tree用法示例in the tree表示“人或者动物等外界的东西在树上，不是长在树上”；The boy is in the tree.on the tree表示“树叶或者果实等长

17、在树上”。Those apples are on the tree.三点剖析一、考点：介词虽然是一种虚词，自身不能单独充当句子成分，但它是英语中最活跃、最难掌握的词类之一。中考对介词的考点主要集中在介词的基本用法上。地点或方位介词在中考单选和完形里面也是多次出现。二、重难点：注意近义词词组的辨析，在使用时要注意根据语境和语法去选择。比如：1.表“在位置”的介词at, in；2. 表“在方位”的介词：1) in, on, to；2) above, over, on 在上；3) under, below 在下。3. 常见方位介词辨析：1) between和among；2) across和throu

18、gh；3) along和over；4) near, by和beside；5) in front of 和in the front of；6) in the tree和on the tree。题模精讲题模一 表“在位置”的介词例1.1、Maria is leaving for France soon by air. Shell arrive _ Paris on the morning of August 8th.A、atB、inC、onD、to例1.2、Please wait for me _ the bus station.A、atB、inC、toD、under题模二 表“在方位”的介词例2

19、.1、China lies _ the east of Asia and _ the north of Australia.A、to; toB、in; toC、to; inD、in; on例2.2、The sun rises _ the horizon.A、overB、onC、aboveD、under例2.3、I want to have a rest _ the tree.A、blewB、underC、aboveD、over题模三 常见方位介词辨析例3.1、用适当的方位介词填空。His grades in the exam put him _ the top students in his

20、class.例3.2、-Excuse me, where is the bookstore?-Go _ the bridge. Youll see it on your left.A、onB、crossC、acrossD、through例3.3、Sean has formed the habit of jogging _ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A、betweenB、alongC、belowD、with例3.4、There are some apples _ the tree and some birds are singin

21、g _ the tree.A、on; inB、in; onC、on; onD、in; in随堂练习随练2.1、根据汉语提示，用正确的介词完成句子。- Where is you Chinese teacher?- Hes _ the meeting room. （在会议室）随练2.2、Alan found a birds nest _ the tree. （在树上）随练2.3、He said that he would meet us _ the station.A、onB、atC、ofD、to随练2.4、He lives _ England, _ London.A、to; inB、at; in

22、C、in; atD、in; in随练2.5、Taiwan is a beautiful island and its _ the east of Fujian.A、inB、onC、toD、at随练2.6、The apples rotted (烂) _ the tree.A、inB、onC、aboveD、over随练2.7、Taiwan is a beautiful island and its _the east of Fujian.A、inB、onC、toD、at随练2.8、There is a cup _ the desk. （在桌上）随练2.9、Raise your hands _ yo

23、ur head. （举过你的头）随练2.10、They have designed a system which pumps up water from 70m _ ground. （地下70米处）随练2.11、_ the bridge, you will see a big building. （穿过这座桥）随练2.12、He left the table to stand _ the two men. （站在两个男人之间）随练2.13、Newman walked _ the street alone. （沿着街道）随练2.14、The sun rose _ the horizon.A、ov

24、erB、aboveC、blewD、on随练2.15、There is a striped sofa _ the wall.A、inB、onC、alongD、across随练2.16、I have an uncle. He lives _ Shanghai. （住在上海）随练2.17、China is _ the west of Japan. （在日本西部）自我总结能力拓展拓展1、A terrible earthquake happened in Nepal _ April 25th, 2015.A、atB、inC、onD、to拓展2、We usually have breakfast _ 8:

25、00 every day.A、ofB、inC、onD、at拓展3、I lived with my grandparents _ 2010.A、atB、inC、onD、to拓展4、The girl left her home _ a cold winter evening.A、onB、inC、atD、of拓展5、Lucy lived in Beijing from 2010 _ 2015.A、atB、toC、onD、in拓展6、- How soon will his father come back from London?- _ a week.A、atB、afterC、forD、in拓展7、T

26、he 30th Olympic Games will be held2012.A、onB、atC、inD、of拓展8、Miss Brown has taught physics _ twenty years.A、forB、sinceC、untilD、after拓展9、You _ get off the bus _ it stopped.A、didnt; beforeB、didnt; untilC、have been; afterD、have gone; until拓展10、My son has been ill _ Last Friday.A、forB、inC、sinceD、at拓展11、根据

27、汉语提示，用正确的方位介词完成句子- Where are my books?- They are _ the sofa.（沙发上）拓展12、He lives _ Paris. （住在上海）拓展13、Viet Nam (越南) is _ the south of China. （位于中国南部）拓展14、An airplane flew _ our heads. （头上飞过）拓展15、 Is your father home? No, hes working late _ the office.A、onB、atC、ofD、to拓展16、Dont drive so fast! We must slo

28、w down when we drive _ the tunnel. （穿过隧道）拓展17、We have arranged work _ the students. （在学生当中）拓展18、There is a small village _ the mountain. （山脚下）拓展19、My mom has a habit of jogging _ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning. （沿着金川河）拓展20、-Is your father home?-No, hes working late _ the office.A、onB、

29、atC、ofD、to拓展21、Xingtai is located _ the north of Hebei.A、inB、onC、toD、off拓展22、- Do you see the sign “No Smoking”_ the wall?-Sorry, I didnt.A、aboutB、overC、inD、on拓展23、He arrived _ 9:00 and 10:00 last night.A、amongB、betweenC、onD、in拓展24、Id like to trek _ the jungle, because I like exciting vacationsA、throughB、acrossC、crossD、in拓展25、The pay phone is _ the library.A、in front ofB、in the front ofC、on the front ofD、on front of