中考英语任务型阅读解题技能与突破途径.ppt

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1、英语阅读回答问题,题型解读与突破途径,同学们做“阅读简答”这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难，而考试结果一出来，却发现得高分的不多，原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章， 还要求同学们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了大家的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，对于题型的研究，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。,问题探究,义务教育英语课程标准初中生要达到的五级目标要求,2016年中考英语阅读能力要求,题型介绍,根据短文内容

2、回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。,2010中考,2011年中考,具体细节信息,具体细节信息,归纳文章大意,归纳文章大意,聚焦中考,由一般疑问句引出的判断题,由选择疑问句（ A or B）来提问文章的细节,由特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节和概括主旨要义,提问类型和回答方式,一般疑问句,以be动词、助动词、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。要用yes 和no回答的句子.例如： Do they do their homework a

3、fter school?,be动词：,助动词：,情态动词：,am, is, are, was, were,do, does, did, will, have, has,can , may, must, could, should, would,1.Are there any flowers in your garden? 2.Could he ride a bike when he was ten? 3.Can they swim? 4.Dont you like to read English? 5.Does he like English? 6.Is Kitty wearing her n

4、ew uniform? 7.Have you ever been to Canada? 8.Has your brother got a model car? 9.Will you go to the zoo with me? 10. Did he see his uncle last week?,流利朗读，整体感知,练一练,选择疑问句,提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句，选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no。,1一般选择疑问句句型：一般疑问句+or +被选择的情况？ - Are you a teacher or a stud

5、ent？ - Im a student. 2.特殊选择疑问句句型： 特殊疑问句+A or B?/A,B or C？ - When will he leave for London，today or tomorrow？ - Tomorrow.,66Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s?,It was poor.,真题链接,66. Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?,A good choice.,特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词为句首，句末有问号的句子。 特殊疑问词包括Who(人物)、Where

6、(地点)、 When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)，which（哪个），whose（谁的），whom（who的宾格形式） How(方式)和由基本疑问词变化的疑问词。 例如： 由what增加的what time/what day/what kind/what color/what shape/what length 由how变化的 how long/how soon/ how often how old/how far/how many/how much,考 考 你,( )1.- Excuse me _ is the nearest bookshop ? -Go down the s

7、treet and turn left at the second corner? A. where B. what C. how D. who ( )2.- _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? -About forty yuan . A. How old B. How much C. How many D. How often ( ) 3. _ are you going to the library with? Im going with Tony. A. What B. Which C. Whom D. Where ( )4.- _? -Its e

8、ight. A. What day is it B. Whats your telephone number C. How old are you D. Whats five and three ( ) 5.- _ shall we meet in the park? -At about half past eight. A. When B. What C. Where D., Which ( ) 6.- _ does your school have sports meetings? -Twice a year. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D.

9、 How far ( )7.-_does your father go to work on foot every day? -Because we live near his office. A. How B. What C. Why D. Who,特殊疑问句解题技巧,.回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。 (1)问目的，就应当用 for短语，to do不定式短语等来回答； (2)问原因，就应当用 because of 短语或because 从句来回答； (3)问方式，就应当用 By doing来回答； (4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。 (5)提问词是what

10、只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;,67Why did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English?,真题链接,Because they often worked 17 hours a day.,18. How did young Chico get money?,By taking a little rubber,65. When was Chico murdered?,真题链接,On December 22，1988,65. Where do they jump from?,They jump

11、from planes.,79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?,真题链接,To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action.,最后一题提问类型,Whats the main idea of the passage? What are the main points about . in this passage? What can you learn from the

12、 passage? What does the writer want to tell us？ What are the purposes of ?,概括大意回答方式：记住这些有用的句型： Its( about) Its( about) what+主语+谓语, how+主语+谓语 why+主语+谓语 (注意介宾从句，主谓语序),1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。 2.抓住文章的结构，要关注语篇结构（总-分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。,最后一题关注点,69.What are the m

13、ain points about Chinatown in this passage?,真题链接,归纳文章第一段大意为唐人街地址，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为发展过程。,答案：It is about where Chinatown is and how it has developed.,2010年中考题,2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理解语境,3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。,4、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不

14、要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。,阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项,1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次,Almost every kid in this country has ever eaten Hershey chocolate. But do you know that the Hershey chocolate factory is more than one hundred years old? And do you know that the father

15、of Hershey Chocolate, Milton Hershey, had many failures in business before he started his famous company? Milton Hershey grew up in Pennsylvania. Before he became interested in making chocolate, he worked as a printer for a small newspaper at first, and then decided that printing was not the right j

16、ob for him.,重点演练1,64. Who is the father of Hershey Chocolate? 65. Where did he grow up?,65. In Pennsylvania.,1,2,64. Milton Hershey.,重点演练2,One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York. “Mr Einstein,” said the friend, “it seems that you need t

17、o put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!” “It doesnt matter,” answered Albert Einstein. “No one knows me here in New York.” Several years later they met in New York again. Einstein had been world-famous, but he still wore the same old overcoat. Once more his friend asked him to buy a new o

18、ne. “There is no need now,” said Einstein, “Everybody here has known me.”,Where did Albert Einstein met an old friend of his? 2. What did the friend want him to buy? 3. Did Einstein still wear the same old overcoat after several years ?,2,1,4,3,5,On a street in New York,A new overcoat,Yes, he did,难点

19、突破1,Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. Below are some helpful ideas about how to make and keep friends. Associate with others The first step to making friends is associating with other people. Start a conversation Sta

20、rting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. Do things together Choosing friends with common interests is important Let it grow It is a good thing to stay in touch. Enjoy your friendship The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.

21、 ,65. Whats the passage mainly about?,Its mainly about why friendship is important and how to make and keep friends.,难点突破2,What should you do if you want to have a nice photo taken? Whether its work or fun, the most important thing is lighting The key thing is no shadow（阴影） Tip your head and learn w

22、hat angles (角度) work with your face. Everyone is different. So you have to . For long legs, point one leg into center of the For just leg shots, lie upside down and raise legs Keep shoulders back. Always have mouth slightly open, enough to put a penny between your lips Lower your eyes and then look

23、up just as shutter (快门) is clicked for full eyes. Try to catch every perfect photogenic moment!,65. What does the writer want to tell us?,To tell us how to have a nice photo taken.,课堂检测1,Once Goethe, the great German poet, was walking in a park. He was thinking about something when he noticed he cam

24、e to a very, very narrow(狭窄） road. Just at that time, a young man came towards him from the other end of the road. It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time. They stopped and looked at each other for a while. Then the young man said rudely, “I never make way for a fool.” Bu

25、t Goethe smiled and said, “I always do.” Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road. Where was Goethe walking? Who came towards Goethe from the other end of the road? Did the young man make way for Goethe? . Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road? What

26、 do you think of Goethe?,In a park.,A young man.,No, he didnt.,Goethe.,He is polite，kind ,humorous and clever.,课堂检测2,Mike was a good and well-trained boy. His parents loved him very much. He did everything well, but Mike had one bad habit（习惯）. He ate a lot of sweets and chocolates. Those were his fa

27、vorite. He just couldnt give up. His mother always told him, “Mike doesnt eat so many sweets. You will get toothaches(牙痛）. His mother used to keep all the sweets in a glass jar(罐子). One day when his mother went to the market, Mike saw that his father was asleep. So he walked carefully and slowly to

28、the kitchen and got the sweet jar. Finally, he opened it and put his hand in narrow mouth. Mike picked a fist(拳头) full of sweets. But when he tried to pull his hand out, it got stuck(卡) in the jar. Mikes father was awake and watching. He said to Mike, “You have picked up too many sweets in your fist

29、. its more than your little hand can keep. Your fist cannot come out of the jar. Let go of the sweets and pick only one sweet in your two fingers and you can pull your hand out easily. Always take as much as you can control（控制）. Mike pulled out his hand from the jar easily and he learned a lesson fo

30、r his life, too. 61. What was Mikes had habit? 62. Did his mother use to keep the sweets in a glass jar? 63. Where was the sweet jar? 64. How many sweets did his father ask him to get? 65. What lesson(教训，道理） did Mike learn?,61. He ate a lot of sweets and chocolates. 62. Yes, she did. 63. It was in t

31、he kitchen. 64. His father asked him to pick only one sweet. 65. Always take as much as you can control.,2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理解语境,3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。,4、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作

32、适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。,阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项,1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次,2012阅表 第四段：Most important are your height and weight. Smokejumpers in the U.S., for example, must be 54 to 91 kilograms, 第五段 Smokejumpers must also be able to live in the wilderness. 第六段They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fire

33、s, and live in the forest.,从我们得到这三句话后，再次提取出最关键的信息 .height and weight . be able to live in the wilderness .love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. 确定了大致信息后，再进行语言组织，将上述信息组合成一个语法正确的句子，因此可得出答案To be a smokejumper, one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to

34、live in the wilderness and love his or her job.,2012 64. Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter. 65. They jump from planes. 66. Their main goal is to stop a fine from spreading. 67. Because they wont get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.,68. To be a smokejumper, one needs to

35、 have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his or her job.,(2013) Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age. Its great for keeping us relaxed. It offers chances to check the night sky and to be noisier than usual. It lets us have friends over to stay

36、who might not fit inside the house! Follow these instructions and youll have a night youll never forget!,Its mainly about why and how to camp in the backyard.,总结提升： 1. 从近五年的中考题看，阅读与表达题所给的文章均为说明文，即有说明的对象，那么文章的主旨还是比较明确的。 2. 任何一篇说明文都是围绕某个主题展开的，有些文章的主题句较明显，在文章的首段。也有的文章主题句不明显，但文中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词

37、，也就是我们常说的主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。 3. 概括主旨离不开对全文结构的把握，纵观全文，找准找全要点。 4. 组织好语言，运用正确的句式，准确地表达出来。,Passage1 1. How many suggestions does the author give? Four/4. 2. What should you do if there are disagreements between your parents and you? We should try to understand whatever they are trying to tell us. 3. Wh

38、y should you communicate with parents in a politeway? Because we have to show our parents that we are no longer a kid, not just a kid.,4. How to earn parents trust? Pay attention to the ways you do things instead of fighting with them. 5. What is the passage mainly about? How to improve relationship

39、 between our parents and us.,Passage 2 1. Do thousands of people try skydiving each year? Yes（, they do）. 2. How many choices are there for the beginners? Three/3/There are three choices. 3. Why is tandem the most popular? Because it is the easiest.,4. How do the coaches give instructions in the air

40、? With hand signals or a radio. 5. What is the passage mainly about? What skydiving is and how beginners skydive. The introduction of skydiving and the methods for beginners.,Passage 3 1. What does minimalism suggest? It suggests that you only keep the most necessary and important things and get rid

41、 of everything else. 2. How did the writer get rid of some of her CDs and books? She sold them online. 3. How did the writer feel after getting lots of things out of her room? She felt excited.,4. Why is it hard to be a minimalist? Because we are often told that it is better to have more things. 5.

42、What are the advantages of being a minimalist? It helps us to keep our rooms tidy, have a clear and organized mind, save money and really value the things we have.,Passage 4 1. What is “food miles”? A food mile is the distance that food travels from the farmers field to the person who buys the food.

43、 2. Why do some countries have to import most of their food? Because they have difficult climates. 3. What are disadvantages of “food miles”? There is more pollution and more global warming, and food that travels a long way is not fresh and usually not very tasty.,4. Why do people need to buy more local food? Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. 5. What is the passage mainly about? What “food miles” is and the disadvantages of it.,Thank you for listening!,