2022年中考英语专题复习主谓一致 .docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -中考英语专项复习 - 主谓一样【主谓一样命题】1、 主谓一样的语法一样原就2、 主谓一样的整体一样原就3、 主谓一样的就近一样原就4、 主谓一样的意义一样原就5、 主谓一样的附加原就【考点】一、由 or, either. or. , neither. nor. , not only.but also. , whether.or.等连接并列主语时,常采纳就近原就,动词与最靠近的主语保持一样.【考例】 Not only Jim but also his sister a few cities in the s

2、outh since they came to China 临沂市 A will visitB. has visitedC have visitedD visitedNeither Jim nor his cousins to America, but of them know the country very well. 0潍坊市 A have been.a11B. have been; bothC has been; allD has been; both二、the number of +复数名词 ,主语是 the number数量 ,谓语动词用单数;a number of + 复数名词

3、,主语是复数名词,a number of 作定语 , 相当于 many,谓语动词用复数.【考例】 Look. There playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. 包头 A. are a number of deerB. are a number of deersC. is a number of deerD. is a number of deers The number of in our class fifty. 烟台 A. student, isB. the students, areC. the students, isD. student

4、s, are三、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式.【考例】 As the saying ,Where there is a will; there is a way. 昆明市 A. goB. goesC. goingD. went但 what 从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数.What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有体会的老师.四、 and 连接的两个单数名词作主语.【考例】Trees and flowers every year to make our country mor

5、e beautiful. 陕西 A. is plantedB. was plantedC. are plantedD. were planted五、表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等的词语作主语且表示总量时,谓语动词用单数.【考例】-How much the shoes.-Five dollars enough 青岛市 A is. isB are. isC are. areD is.are How time flies. Ten years passed. 天津 A. haveB. hasC. isD. are六、就近原就-There no milk in the fridge. Could

6、you get some for me, Dick.-All right, Mum. 福州市 A. isB. areC. wasD. wereNot only Jim but also his sister a few cities in the south since they came to China 临沂市 A will visitB. has visitedC have visitedD visitedNeither Jim nor his cousins to America, but of them know the country very well. 潍坊市 A have b

7、een.a11B. have been; bothC has been; allD has been; both【语法回忆】主谓一样1. 语法一样的原就2. 意义一样的原就3. 邻近一样的原就谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一样,这叫做主谓一样.主谓一样一般遵循三条原就：语法一样原就,意义一样原就和就近一样原就.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_在英语中,谓语动词必需和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一样,叫做主

8、谓一样.通常采纳以下三个原就来处理,即：语法形式一样的原就、规律意义一样的原就、就近（或毗邻）一样的原就.一、语法形式一样的原就,即在语法形式上取得一样.如：主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数.主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采纳复数形式.但须留意以下几种情形：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如：Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years. To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.Rea

9、ding English newspapers is a good way of improving you English. What you need most is to have a good sleep.How you can get there is a problem.留意： 由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情形用单数形式.但如表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数 意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数.例如：What I bought were three English books What I say and do is are helpful for y

10、ou.2、由 and 或both.and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数.例如：Swimming and walking are good exercises.He and I were classmates when we were at college. Both John and Ann have got pen-friends. .Both Zhou Lan and Yang Pei like sports留意 1 ）但是,并列主语假如表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式（这时and后的名词前没有冠词）.例如：The manager and secretary was a

11、bsent at the meeting. The manager andthe secretary are busy now. Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.2由and连接的并列单数主语前假如分别被no, each, every或many a ,more than one修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式.例如：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家里,每个男孩和女孩都有权益受训练.Each man and each woman is a

12、sked to help. 每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙.Many a student is having practice in that factory.很多同学正在那家工厂实习. More than one student is interested in the book. 不止一个同学对这本书感爱好.留意 在“ more than one单数名词”作主语时,如在There be句型中,亦可用复数.如： There is/are more than one man here.这儿不止一个人.3、假如主语是单数, 尽管后面跟有 together with, as well as, like

13、, but, except, besides ,including, no less than, rather than ,as much as, more than, along within addition to 等介词短语,其谓语动词仍用单数形式.如主语为复数,就谓语动词也用复数.例如：An English teacher together with some students has climbed to the top of the mountain.一位英语老师和几个同学已经爬到了山顶.Mary as well as her friends likes this painting

14、.玛丽和她的伴侣都喜爱这幅画.No one except my close friends knows anything about this matter.除了我的亲热伴侣谁也不知道这件事.She, like you and Tom, is very tall.像你和汤姆那样她很高.4、不定代词 each, either, neither 和由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数.例如：Each of us takes a cup of coffee. 我们 每人喝一杯咖啡.Everyone knows smoking cigarettes is

15、 bad for health. 大家都知道吸烟不利于身体健康.Nothing is to be done没有什么要干的事.Everybody obeys the school rules; anybody who breaks the rules is punished.每个人必需遵守学校规章,任何人违反了规章将受到惩处.2）如后面的名词是不行数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数.如它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_以.例如：None of the sugar was left. 没有剩下什么糖了.None of us has have

16、 been to America. 我们中没有人去过美国.5.不定代词 none 以及由 none/either/neither of复数合词 或代词 构成的短语作主语时,谓语用单复数均可,这取决 于说话人的意思.当说话人着眼于“每一个都不.”或“两个中的任何一个都不.”时,谓语动词用单数.当说话 者着眼于“全部的都不.”或“两个中的全部都不.”时,谓语动词用复数.例如：None know when that was. 强调全部的人没人知道这是什么时候的事.None is so good as he.强调每一个人没有人像他那么好.None of them have / has a car.他们

17、都没有小汽车.（他们没有一个人有小汽车.）Neither of them know / knows the answer. 他们两个全都不知道答案.（他们两个人谁也不知道答案.）Neither of the article is are interesting. 其中没有哪篇文章好玩.Neither of them have replied.他们两个谁也没有答复.Neither of them has replied.他们两个谁也没有答复.5、在定语从句中,关系代词that,who , which 等作主语时,其谓语动词的数,应与句中先行词的数一样.例如： It sounded like a

18、train which/that was going under my house.那声音听起来就像有一列火车从我的房子底下开过似的.People who study the think that there will be another big one soon. 讨论的震的人认为不久将仍有一次大的的震.The horse which is tied to the tree belongs to John.Those who want to go on a journey please sign your name here. Some of the energy that is used

19、 by man comes from the sun.留意 在以“ one of the复数名词”为先行词的定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数.但假如“one of the复数名词”这个结构前有the only 之类的修饰语时,其从句的谓语动词用单数.例如：This is one of the questions that have been asked by the students Bob is one of my friends who are helping me with English. He is the only one of the officers who was

20、 invited to the ball here.The head master is the only one of the teachers who knows Esperanton.6、“ a lot of（lots of , plenty of , a head of, heaps of, the rest（ majority ） of , some（ many,anymore ,most,all 等） of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词（短语）保持一样.例如：Some of us do not know much about the theatre.

21、 .Some of the sugar is wet.Most of the students in our class are league. Most of the food tastes delicious.Half of the work is left unfinished.Half of the apples are given to the children. .Lots of damage was caused by smoking.Plenty of English books are on the shelf .留意： 1） all 单独作主语表示“人”时,谓语用复数.表示

22、“整个大事或事情”时,谓语用单数.如：All are present.全部的人都出席了.表人 All is well.一切都好.表示整个事情或情形2）“ a number of+ 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.“The number of+ 复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.例如：A large number of buildings were burnt down.A number of students in our class are out by the lake. .The number of students in our school is 2500. .7、由“

23、分数或百分数+of + 名词（或代词）”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of 后面的名词（短语）保持一样.例如：Two thirds of the country is dry or desert.这个国家的三分之二的的方气候干燥或者是沙漠的区.Two thirds of the people present are against the plan.在场的三分之二的人反对这个方案.More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.我们的球的 70%的表面被水所掩盖.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精

24、品_精品资料_30 percent of the students in our class are girls. 我们班的 30%是女生.8、 假如主语是由“a kind of,或this/thatkind of, a series a species of ,a pair of等 + 名词”构成谓语动词通常用单数形式.例如：This kind of men is dangerous. .Is this kind of car made in Shanghai . There is a kind of rose in his garden. .This kind of apple/apple

25、s is rather expensive. .That kind of snake/snakes is dangerous.留意 但there/those kinds of 复数名词 作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.如：There kinds of tests are good .Those kinds of apple trees have not yet grown up. .假如种类不是一种而是多种,谓语动词应为复数.例如：There are many kinds of pears.二、规律意义一样原就,即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义.常见的有以下几种情形：1、表示总称意义形

26、单意复的名词,如people, police, cattle等作主语时, 只当作复数看待,谓语在任何情形下都用复数.如：Cattle are one cause of the problem.造成戈壁滩的缘由之一是牲畜问题.The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain. 警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯.2、以集体名词 army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team ,crew ,crowd ,public 等集体名词作主语时,谓语应视其情形而用不同形式：当作主语被看作一个整体

27、时,谓语用单数,假如被看成是其中的个体成员时,谓语就用复数.如：Our class is better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school.在打篮球方面,我们班赛过我们学校的任何一个班.Our class are playing a basketball match tomorrow.我们班同学明天要举办一场篮球赛.Our family is not poor any more.我们家已经不再贫困了.My family all speak the Intuit language.我一家人都讲因努伊特语.留意 po

28、pulation单独使用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时,就谓语动词用复数形式.例如：Most of the population of the city are workers. One third of the population now smoke. .The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers.3、当一些有两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,如glasses,

29、trousers（裤子） , shoes , chopsticks（筷子） ,goods（货物） ,scissors（剪刀） ,socks, compasses（圆规）,但假如这些名词前有a pair of ,等量词修饰时,（clothes被修饰 a suit of ）,谓语动词一般用单数形式.例如：Your trousers need washing.My glasses are new.A pair of compass is an instrument for drawing circles.圆规是画圆的工具.A pair of new shoes is in your suitcase

30、. .Two pairs of socks are enough for me. .4、由“ pair, piece of + 名词 / 代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair, piece 等词保持一样与后的代词、名词无关.例如： There is a pair of shoes left .The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple. 全部的石块被运到新建寺庙的的方.5、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语,依据意义一样原就,通常被看作一个整体,其谓语用单数.如：Twenty y

31、ears is a long time to us.One thousand pounds is a lot of money. 6.某些形复意单的名词如表示人名、的名、国名及组织、书籍、报刊等名称的专出名词和学科名词等作主语,谓语用单数.如：Zhangjiajie is really a good place which is famous for its beautiful mountains.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -张家界的确是个好的方,它是以漂亮的山而闻名的Physics is a dif

32、ficult subject to learn, I think.The United States is in North America. News is travelling fast nowadays. The American film True Lies was directed by a world-famous director.美国影片真实的谎言是由一位世界闻名的导演导演的.7、假如主语由“the+形容词（分词）”担任时,往往依据意义一样原就,来打算谓语动词的单、复数形式.假如表示 一类人时,谓语动用复数形式.假如指个人或抽象概念时,就谓语动词用单数形式.例如：The old

33、 is taken good care of in our country. The sick is one of the students in our class.8、名词全部格之后的名词被省略的情形,一般只指商店、公共建筑物、住宅等,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数.如：The bakers is on the side of the street.理发馆在街道的另一边.My uncles is not very far from here. 我叔叔的家离这儿不太远.9、数词作主语时,谓语用单数,但有四就运算中,谓语单、复数均可.如： Ten is a round number.十是个整数.

34、Ten times five is / are fifty.十乘五等于五十.Three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty is / are one thousand.340加 660等于 1000. 10.疑问代词 who, what, which 作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于它产本身的含义.如：Who teaches you English. Who have gone there.Which is your room. Which are your rooms.11、表示数量的短语“one and a half名词复数”及“a单数名

35、词and a half”作主语时,谓语用单数.如：One and a half oranges has been left on the table. A month and a half has passed. 12.某些单数同形的名词作主语时,依照意义一样的原就,表示单数意义时,谓语动词用单数.反之谓语动词就用复数形式.这类名词有：sheep, deer, fish ,means（方法、手段）species （种类）-ance及以 -ese/-ss结尾的表示民族的名词等 .例如：One day this white sheep was lost. There are many fish i

36、n the Jia Ling River.A Japanese is coming to visit our school tomorrow. We Chinese are realizing the four modernizations.三、就近一样原就,即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定,又称为毗邻一样原就.例如：1、当 or, either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also. ,not.but. , whether.or. 等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词.例如：Either you or Lily is to do th

37、e cleaning after supper. Not only the mother but also the children were there.2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个,谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一样.例如：Where is your mother and younger sisters.There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_【中考训练】中考英语专项复习主谓一样可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 1.

38、 河北 .Everyone I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.A. findB. thinkC. findsD. thinks 2.（湖北黄冈）-David has been away for more than 25 days.-I miss him very much. You know, 25 days short.A. isB. isntC. areD. arent 3.（湖北十堰）Climbing hills of great help to our health.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are

39、4.（山东省莱芜）Yao Ming works hard on his English and 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A so Liu Xiang doesB so is Liu XiangC so does Liu XiangD so Liu Xiang is 5. 北京市） The reading room very quiet. I enjoy reading books there.A. amB

40、. isC. areD. be 6.（广西） There some milk in the glass.A. isB. areC. beD. has 7.（山东滨州）How time flies. Three years really a short time.A. isB. areC. wasD. were 8（.四川巴中） In our school library, there a number of books on science and the number of them growinglarger and larger.A. is; areB. are; isC. have;

41、isD. is; have 9. Nobody but Li Hua the secret.A. knowsB. knowC. have knownD. is known 10. Three- fourths of the surface of the earth sea.A. isB. areC. wereD. has been 11 All but one here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were 12. When and where to build the school yet.A. is not decidedB. are not dec

42、idedC. hasn t been decidedD. have not decided 13. A fork and knife on the table.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been 14 Where a will, there is a way.A. there hasB. isC. there isD. there are 15. Each boy and each girl an English dictionary yesterday.A. are givenB. was givenC. being givenD. were given 1

43、6. The old taken good care of in China.A. isB. hasC. areD. have 17. Half of the students got the same suggestion.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are 18. She is the only one of all the students who a chance to go abroad.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are 19. Something wrong with my TV set.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are 20. Eit

44、her Tim or I a boss.A. amB. isC. areD. be 21. Fifty yuan enough for the blue coat.A. isB. areC. hasD. have22. Ten plus five fifteen.A. isB. areC. wasD. were 23How time flies. Ten years passed.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are24Not only his parents but also his brother to the Summer Palace. They haven t been

45、back.A. have beenB. have goneC. has beenD. has gone 25Neither my father going to see the patient.A. nor I amB. nor I areC. or me areD. or me is 26 Look. There playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. 包头 A. are a number of deerB. are a number of deersC. is a number of deerD. is a number of deers 27The number of in our class