2022年人教版英语必修五知识点讲解.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备必修五 Unit 3 Life in the future学问点讲解核心单词1. impressionn.印痕.印记.印象.感想常用结构：1) have an impression of sth. doing sth. 对做 某事有印象2) make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象3) make no impression on 对无影响成效4) give sb. a favorable impression给某人留下好印象5) an impression

2、 of one s foot 某人的脚印Your performance gave me a strong impression. 你的表演给我留下了很深的印象.What I said made no impression on him.我的话对他不起作用.【联想拓展】impress v.留下印象impress sth. on upon one s mind 把牢记在心上2. lackv.&n.缺乏.缺少的东西留意： lack 作名词时,后常接of .lack 作动词时,既可作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,作不及物动词时,后常接for 或 in. lack 不用于被动语态.常用结构：1) la

3、ck sth. 缺少某物2) lack for sth.缺少.需要3) for/through lack of.因缺乏4) no lack of.不缺乏5) a/the lack of .的缺乏He didn t go there because he lacked courage.他没去那里,由于他缺乏士气. The plant died for lack of water. 植物因缺水而死.They lacked for nothing. 他们无所需求.【联想拓展】lacking adj.匮乏的.不足的.没有的be lacking in缺乏（品质、特点等）She seems to be l

4、acking in common sense.她好像缺乏常识.3. sightn. 视力.视觉.观察.光景,奇迹.名胜常用结构：1) lose sight of看不见.遗忘.失去2) catch sight of sth./sb.观察某物 /人3) at first sight初看之下.乍看起来可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整

5、理学习必备4) at the sight of一观察就5) out of sight看不见6) be in sight看得见,在眼前Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦.Last summer we had seen the sights of Beijing.去年夏天我们游玩了北京的名胜.Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a man s footprint. 克鲁索看到一行人的脚印,他特别可怕.4. requirevt.需要.要求.命令常用结构：1) require that+ 主语 +should+ 动词原形需要某人做

6、某事2) require sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事3) require sth.（ of sb.）要求（某人）某事I will do everything that is required of me.凡是要求我的事,我都会办到.The situation requires that I （should） be there.形势需要我去那里.温馨提示require 后接宾语从句时,宾语从句必需用should do 的虚拟语气, 其中 should 可以省略.另外,表示“需要”,且是物作主语时,后接动词ing 形式的主动形式表示被动含义,可以等于不定式被动形式.在这一点上,ne

7、ed 和 want 用法相同.The house requires mending.=The house requires to be mended. 房屋需要修理.All cars require servicing regularly.全部汽车都需要定期检修.They required him to keep it a secret. 他们要求他对这事保密.5. assistvt.&vi.帮忙.救济.参加;出席常用结构：1) assist sb. in/with sth.帮忙 某人 某事2) assist sb. in doing sth.帮忙 某人 做某事3) assist sb. to

8、 do sth.帮忙 某人 做某事4) assist with帮忙 照管,做 .在上赐予帮忙I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你.I m afraid I can t assist you, you have to go and see the manager. 我唯恐帮不上忙,你得去找经理.The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free. 有空时校长会帮忙做很多事.6. remindv.提示.使想起1) remind sb. to

9、do sth. 提示某人做某事2) remind sb. that/wh- 从句提示某人.使某人想起3) remind sb. about/of sth.使某人想起或意识到.提示某人某事Im sorry, but Ive forgotten your name, can you remind me.很愧疚,我记不起你的名字,你能提示我一下吗？You remind me of your father when you say that.你说这样的话使我想起了你的父亲.【联想拓展】 reminder n. 提示物.引起回忆的事物可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 -

10、 - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备7. previousadj. 从前的.以往的.（时间上）稍前的No previous experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关的体会.I couldnt believe it when I heard the news. I had only seen him the previous day.听到这个

11、消息时,我不敢信任.我就在前一天仍见到过他.学问拓展： previously adv.从前的.早先8. bendv.（ bent bent）弯曲.使弯曲.弯腰.弯身1) bend ones mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事2) bend sb.to sth. 迫使.说服3) bend the truth 歪曲事实Its hard to bend an iron bar.把铁棒弄弯很不简单.She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下头吻了她的女儿.9. pressv. 压.按.推.挤.坚持.敦促n. 报章杂志,新闻工作者,新闻界

12、She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手绢捂住鼻子.She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油门踏板.He is still pressing her claim for compensation.他仍坚持索赔.The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.庭审谢绝新闻采访.10. switch n. & v.用作名词表示“开关.转换 ”.用作动词表示“转换 ”.She made the switch from full-time to par

13、t-time work when her first child was born.第一个孩子诞生后,她就由全日工作改为非全日工作.Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换.I cant work next week, will you switch with me.下个周末我不能上班,咱俩换个班好不好？重点短语11. take up从事.占 时间、空间、留意力等.连续 This table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占的方. She has t

14、aken up a job as a teacher. 她当上老师了.This chapter takes up where the last one off. 本章连续上一章的内容.【联想拓展】1) take off脱掉（衣服等）.起飞.打折.作为折扣而减价2) take over 接管.获得对的掌握或治理3) take apart 拆开.分开后将分成很多部分4) take for把视作.误认为5) take.for granted认为是理所当然6) take down写下.登记7) take back收回 诺言 812. sweep up 打扫.横扫These students are s

15、weeping up dead leaves这. 些同学们正在扫拢落叶.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理学习必备He ran forward and swept her up into his arms. 他跑上前去一把将她抱在怀里.The whole country was swept up in the exciteme

16、nt. 全国上下都沉迷在兴奋的气氛中.Wed better sweep up all the bits of broken glass quickly.我们最好快点把玻璃碴子扫洁净.【联想拓展】1) sweep aside放/ 堆到一边 ; 不予理睬2) sweep away清;毁灭 ;完全排除3) sweep off扫清 ; 吹走 ; 大量清除4) sweep out扫掉 ; 清除5) sweep over将一扫而光; 某种感情 拂过（的心头）重点句型13. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.本句型为“主语+b+e

17、adj.+to do ” 这里,不定式要用主动形式表示被动含义.如其中的动词为不及物动词,就应在其后加相应的介词.如：1) 这些节目通常简单接收到.These programs .2) 这个箱子搬起来很重.The box .该句型的主语可以是人,也可以是物.用于此句型的形容词有easy, hard, comfortable, difficult, heavy 等. surround v.包围,围绕 surrounding adj.四周的 surroundings n.四周环境Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings.人人都喜爱在开心的环境中

18、工作.14. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.过去分词hit在句中做状语, 表示与主句中动作相伴发生的情形,相当于一个状语从句.hit by= Because I was hit by1) Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.时间状语2) Touched by the teachers words, the boy cried.缘由状语3) Given more time, we could do it much better.条件状语4) The teacher entered

19、 the classroom, followed by a group of students.相伴状语15. This is similar to the“ jet lag” you get fro这m就fly与in你g,乘.坐飞机会产生时差反应相像,【联想拓展】when flying 是 when you are flying 的省略形式.在有些表示时间、条件、方式或让步的状语从句中,假如谓语包含动词be,从句的主语又和主句的主语一样,或者主语是it,通常可以把从句中的主语和be 动词省略.1) When asked wheres the toilet, the waitress show

20、ed the way politely to the guest.当被问及厕所在哪里时,服务员特别有礼貌的给客人带路.2) Until finishing the homework, the child was allowed to watch the cartoon film.直至完成作业,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名师举荐细心整理

21、学习必备小孩才答应看卡通片.21 训练名师原创作品3) If necessary, you can call help from the police. 有必要时,你可以向警方求助.16. .some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.一些椅子就像变魔术一样从的板下面升了起来.留意： from 后面有时可接介词短语或where 从句.【联想拓展】from under the floor从的板下面 from behind the door从门后面 from under the table从桌子底下From under the tree

22、 the man kept an eye on the sheep. 那个老人从树下留意着他的羊.17. My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space.1) consider doing sth.考虑做某事I am considering applying for the job.2) considerto be认为是I consider it to be a great honor.3) consideras把看作We consider him as a selfish man.18. In

23、side was an exhibition of the most up-to date inventions of the 31st century.这是一个完全倒装句,句子的真正主语是an exhibition.表示方位的副词或介词短语,如here, there , up, down, in, away, off, out, 等置于句首时,常引起完全倒装.1) Out .孩子们冲出去了.2) In front of the house .在房子的前面有一棵大树.19. Well, now there s a system where the waste is disposed of us

24、ing the principles of ecology.当先行词为system, case point, position, situation 等词且关系词在从句中作状语时,常用where 引导.1) The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.2) They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.20. A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.available adj. 可用的,可利用的,可得到的The swimming pool is available only in summer. Are there any seats available.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载