2022年人教版英语必修一第一单元知识要点总结精编版.docx

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1、精品_精品资料_人教版英语必修一第一单元学问要点预览短语归纳对写作有帮忙的短语词语辨析1. ignore / neglect / overlook2. cheat / fool3. calm / quiet / silent / still 4. join / join in / take part in / attend1. ignore vt. 忽视ignorance n. 无知ignorant adj.无知的可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_词形变化词汇部分部重点单词重点词组重点句子2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚dusky adj. 昏暗的 ; 黑暗的3. add v.

2、添加; 增加additionn.加, 附加additional adj.添加的 ; 附加的1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的,担心的.不适的vt. upset, upset2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到n. 担忧,关注.（利害）关系3. settle vt. 安家. 定居.停留 vt. 使定居,安家.解决4. suffer vt.& vi. 遭受.忍耐.经受5. disagree vt. 不同意1. add up 合计2. go through 经受.经受3.on purpose 有意4. get along with与某人相处. 工作的 进展5.in order to

3、 为了1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.2. I don t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do3. it was the first time in a year and a half that I d seen the night face to face.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_重点语法直接引语和间接引语（见语法部分 p88）,练习巩固拓展练习自测含具体答案语言要点 模块 一、

4、短语归纳1. 做个好伴侣 to be a good friend2. 做以下调查 make the following survey3. 合计总分 add up the score4. 得分 get points5. 心烦意乱的来到学校come to school upset6. 不理睬铃声ignore the bell7. 使你那个德国伴侣安静下来calm down your German friend8. 关怀你伴侣 be concerned about your friends9. 松开了get loose10. 不得不去户外遛狗have got to walk the dog outd

5、oors11. 帮他期末考试作弊help him cheat in the end-of-term exam12. 列出理由 make a list of reasons / list the reasons13. 登记一连串的恳求set down a series of requests14. 依据问卷调查according to the questionnaire15. 依据编辑的忠告according to the editor s advice16. 为了分担你的困难in order to share your difficulties / troubles17. 与老板相爱 fall

6、 in love with the boss18. 与我的同桌相处融洽get along / on well with mydeskmate19. 关怀青少年 be concerned about teenagers20. 为了和老板面对面的沟通in order to communicate with the boss face to face21. 信任政府 trust / believe in the government22. 经受了太多的战争go through too many wars23. 相邻的城镇neighboring towns24. 相邻的国家neighboring co

7、untries二、. 词语辨析1. ignore / neglect / overlook【说明】ignore通常指有意不顾,或不理睬显而易见的事物.neglect侧重指有意的忽视或忽视,也可指马虎与疏忽.overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见.【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1） We could not afford tosuch a serious offence.2. He utterlymy warnings and met with an accident. 3. Don tpaying him a visit now and then. 答案:1. overlooke

8、d2. ignored3. neglect可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. cheat / fool【说明】 cheat主要指盈利的买卖中或嬉戏竞赛中欺诈人,骗取人的钱等.fool“愚弄 ”,指利用人缺乏常识,心理脆弱来欺诈人.【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空答案:1. cheated 2. fool1. You may get in that shop.2. He can t her. She shereosutgh him every time.3. calm / quiet / silent / still【说明】 calm天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）.（指

9、人时）表示镇静自如.quiet表“安静 ”、“安静 ”、“安静 ”,侧重没有响声,没有噪音和没有动静.指人时侧重性格温顺,文雅.silent表“缄默 ”、“不发言 ”、“不说话 ”,经常表示人不爱说话,缄默无语.still“不动的 ”,指人时侧重一动不动,.指物时指完全没有声音,突出静止不动【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1. Please standwhile I take your photo.2. Why do you keep.3. Everything was. 4. He remainedin the face of the enemy.答案: 1. still2. si

10、lent3. quiet4. calm4. join / join in / take part in / attend【说明】 join表示参与组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等join in表示参与嬉戏、活动等. join sb. in sth.表（和某人一起）做某事take part in 表示参与、参与争论、游行、竞赛、战役、斗争、运动、庆祝等attend主要指出席、参与会议、婚礼.听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等.上学、教堂【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1. Can Ithe game.2. Did youthe fighting.3. Hethe army last year.

11、 4. A lot of peopleher wedding.答案: 1. join in2. take part in3. joined4）attended三. 词性变化 （旨在供应语法填空所需材料）1. ignore vt. 忽视ignorance n. 无知ignorant adj.无知的2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚dusky. adj.昏暗的 ; 黑暗的3. add v.添加; 增加additionn.加, 附加additional adj.添加的 ; 附加的【练习】用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空1) I canthis rudeness any longer. ignore2T

12、o say you wereof the rules is no excuse. ignore 3）We are in completeof your plans. ignore4） There islight inside the cave. dusk 5）The street lights come on atand go off at dawn. dusk6）Many words have beento this edition of the dictionary. add7Theyve just had anto the family. add8There arecharges. ad

13、d答案:1 ignore2ignorant 3 ignorance4 dusky5 dusk6 added7 addition8 additional四. 重点词汇1. upsetadj. 心烦意乱的,担心的.不适的vt. upset, upset 典例 1. Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的支配给打乱了.2). Dont upset yourself - no harm has been done. 不要难过 -并没有造成损害.3). He was horribly upset over h

14、er illness.他为她的病而忧心忡忡.4. The students really upset her. 同学们着实让她苦恼.重点用法 1.be upset by 被 打乱upset oneself about sth 为某事苦恼 练习 用 upset 的适当形式填空可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1). Is ityou, dear.2. She felt ratheron hearing the news.3. Is it anmessage.4. Don t be. It will be OK.答案: 1. upsetting2. upset3. upsetting

15、4.upset2. concern v. 担忧 ; 涉及 ; 关系到n. 担忧,关注.（利害）关系 典例 1. The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关.2). The boys poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲担忧.3. Thats no concern of mine. 那不关我的事.重点用法 as / so far as be concerned 关于.至于.就 而言be concerned about关怀be concerned at / over sth. 为某事担忧be

16、concerned in sth.牵涉到,与 有关,参与 练习 用 concern 的适当形式填空1. There is an article thatthe rise of the prices.2. The children are ratherabout thei r mother s health.3. Officials shouldthemselvespublic affairs.答案: 1. concerns2. concerned3. concern with3. settle vt. 安家.定居.停留vt. 使定居,安家.解决 典例 1. He settled his chi

17、ld in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子支配在车厢的一个角落里.2. The family has settled in Canada. 这家人已定居加拿大. 3. Both wanted to settle their scores. 双方都情愿捐弃前嫌.重点用法 settle down 镇静下来settle in 在定居 练习 中译英1). 都十一点了,她安不下心来工作.2. 题目这么难,谁能解决？答案: 1. Its eleven o clock now, but she cannot settle to w2o.rkS.ince it is so d

18、ifficult, who can settle this problem.4. suffer vt.& vi. 遭受.忍耐.经受 典例 1. Do you suffer from headaches. 你常头痛吗 . 2. Shes suffering from loss of memory.她患有遗忘症.重点用法 suffer from/with/for sth感到疼痛 不适 哀痛等 ; 受苦 ; 吃苦头 : 练习 中译英1. 我们在金融危机中缺失惨重.2.他的脚痛得不得了.答案:1. We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.2. H

19、e suffers terribly with his feet.5. disagree vt. 不同意 典例 1. Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是伴侣也有时看法不一.2). We disagreed on future plans. 我们对将来的方案产生了分歧.重点用法 disagree with sb/what sb says/sbs decision 不同意某人的观点 某人的话 /某人的打算 练习 中译英 1. 罗马的报道与米兰的不符.2. 他不同意让我早些回家.Key: 1. The reports from R

20、ome disagree with those from Milan.2. He disagreed to let me go home early.五. 重点词组（旨在供应综合运用所需材料）1. add up 加起来 典例 1. Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来,看看你能得几分.2. Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to. 汤姆, 10, 20 和 5 加起来是多少？ 短语归纳 add to（.把什么）加入 中add up to加起来是 练习 用 a

21、dd 的适当形式或构成的词组填空1). Will yousome more students to this project. 2. Small numbersa large one. 3. 5050 equals 100.答案: 1. add2. add up to3. added2. go through 经受.经受 典例 1. The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经受了太多的战争.2). Shes been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经受了一段困难时期. 短语归纳 go after 追求,

22、追逐go ahead 前进.请说（做）吧go by 走过,（时间）过去go along with 向前,（与 ）一起去go in for 爱好,从事go out 外出.（灯,火）熄灭go over 越过.复习go up 爬上,（价格等）上升 练习 用 go 构成的词组填空可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. It is wise not towith this plan. 2. Pricesa little now. People are happy.3. Anyway, don t alwaysat night by yourself. 4. I am tired. I wa

23、nt tonow.答案: 1. go on with2. go up3. go home4. go to bed3. on purpose 有意,有目的的 典例 The boy broke Jack s window on purposwea. nHted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是有意打破杰克的窗玻璃的,他想吓一下杰克. 短语归纳 do sth. on purpose: 有意做某事on purpose 表示有意的、有妄想、有目的的 练习 用 purpose 的相关词汇填空1). He didn t do it. 2. What was your 答案. : 1. on pu

24、rpose2. purpose4. get along with 与某人相处. 工作的 进展 典例1. He is not easy-going. It s very hard to get along with h他im不是个随和的人,很难相处.2. How are you getting along with your work.工作进展如何？ 短语归纳 get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with与相处得好 /不好, 进展顺当 /不顺当through 通过, 做完get away 离开, 逃离get down 下来.写下,取下get down to doin

25、g 开头仔细干get over 克服,摆脱getget together 集合 练习 中译英1. 你现在和同事相处得好不好 .2. 她已重新获得从前那份工作.答案: 1. Are you getting along well with your colleagues.2. Shes got her old job back.5. in order to为了 （可置于句首或句中） 典例1. She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早 , 图的是得个好座位.2). I agreed to her suggestion in order

26、not to upset her. 我同意她的建议是为了不让她难过. 短语归纳 in order that以便 （后跟句子）so that以便 （后跟句子）so as to 为了 （只能置于句中,不能置于句首） 练习 中译英1 他早早动身好按时到达.2 她拼命干以便能到 6 点时把一切都预备好.答案: 1He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time.2. In order to get everything ready by 6 oclock, she

27、worked hard.六. 重点句子 （旨在供应句子结构等所需材料）1. Mom asked her if whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热. 说明 with 复合结构： with + 宾语+ v. ing / v. ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases由“介词 with+ 宾语+宾语补足语 ” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语,表示背景情形,为方式,缘由或条件等,另外,该结构也可以作为定语使用.下面简述几种情形：1) 假如在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由

28、前面的名词或代词发出的,构成主谓关系,该分词用现在分词形式.2) 假如分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系,该分词用过去分词形式.3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语,形容词或副词来充当. 典例1.with +宾语 + 副词,如：The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on = while all the lights are on.With his parents away = As his parents are away, Tom becomes more naughty.2.with +宾语 + 介词短语,如：The

29、 teacher came in with a book in his hand = while a book was in his hand.The girl looked up with tears in her eyes = while tears were in her eyes.3.with +宾语 + 现在分词,如：With summer corning = As summer is corning, the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.With the teacher standing beside = As the teacher

30、 was standing beside, she felt a bit uneasy.4.with +宾语 + 过去分词,如：With the work done = As the work had been done, she felt greatly relieved.With his hair cut = As his hair has been cut, he looks much younger.5.with +宾语 + 不定式,如：With her to go with us = As she will go with us, were sure to have a pleasa

31、nt journey.With Mr Smith to teach them English next term （= As Mr Smith will teach them English , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 练习 中译英： 1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾,结果里面的东西都烧光了.2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语,他们的口语会大有提高.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. 随着冬天的到来,天气越来越冷.答案：1. The house caught a big fire last night , wit

32、h nothing left in it.2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.2. I don t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do我不情愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐 说明 as 引导的从句为比较状语从句,意为“像大多数人那么做 ”.as 用作连词,可引导以下状语从句：1). 引导状语从句,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性As he grew olde

33、r he lost interest in everything except gardening.随着他年纪越来越大,他失去了对全部事物的爱好,除了园艺.2). 引导让步状语从句,表示 “尽管,虽然,即使 ”（从句需倒装） Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷,我哥只穿了一件衬衫.3). 引导方式状语从句,表示“以 方式 ”. Why didn t you take the medicine as I told you to.为什么你没有按我说的服这药？4). 引导缘由状语从句=since; because, “由于,由于 ”

34、. As you were not there, I left a message. 由于当时你不在那,所以我给你留了便条.5 引导比较状语从句.She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高. 练习 中译英1. 随着年龄的增长我越来越对科学感爱好.2. 由于雨下得很大,你最好穿上雨衣.3. 他学习很努力,但考试仍是没及格.答案： 1. As l get older l get more interested in science2. As it is raining hard , youd better put on your raincoat 3. Hard as he worked,he failed in the exam3. It is/was the time that 第几次 说明 that 从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态.1. It is the first time that he has heard this song. 练习 中译英 1 这是他其次次来中国. 2这是我第一次举办画展.答案： 1. It is the second time that he has come to China.2. It was the first time that I had held an art exhibition.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载